The Role of Organizational Social Capital in the Design of Management Control Systems
ABSTRACT Interest in so-called “soft controls,” such as clan control, and what role they may play in designing management control systems has been growing in recent years. In particular, the conditions under which clan control and formal bureaucratic controls complement or substitute each other are the subject of an ongoing debate. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of organizational social capital in the design of management control systems and, more specifically, to better understand the functioning of clan control. We argue that adopting a social capital perspective can help explain how clan control works and what positive effects it has on performance: organizational social capital moderates the positive effect of clan control on performance and enables organizations to use clan control and bureaucratic controls complementarily. We provide empirical evidence that supports our hypotheses and is based on survey data from 523 small and medium-sized enterprises in Germany.