International Accounting Research: The Italian Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Giorgio Gotti ◽  
Marco Fasan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
International Accounting ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Societal Values ◽  
Accounting Choices ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
Institutional Feature ◽  
Research Studies

ABSTRACT Oftentimes, research ideas in the international accounting field arise from the comparison of different contexts and from the curiosity to understand how different constructs work in various settings. Despite knowledge and understanding of the institutional, cultural, and legal settings of countries are prerequisites for this kind of research, studies often focus on very narrow issues and do not allow a grasp of the big picture of the institutional feature of a country, and how this can influence managers' decisions related to accounting choices and disclosures. This paper aims at filling this gap and at fostering an understanding of the Italian institutional setting (e.g., culture, societal values, corporate governance, GAAPs, auditing, and tax regulations), thereby facilitating the work of international accounting researchers who wish to include Italian firms in their samples.

How International Accounting Research Influences Policy and Standard Setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mary E. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Keynote Address ◽  
International Accounting ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Accounting Practice ◽  
Conducting Research

ABSTRACT For accounting to be a learned profession, research must play an important role in shaping accounting practice. This keynote address focuses on how international accounting research influences policy and financial reporting standard setting. It begins by clarifying what is, and is not, accounting. Next, it provides perspective on characteristics of the research that make it suitable for informing standard setters and identifies sources of research topics. Seven studies provide examples of research that can influence global financial reporting standard setting. The address closes by reinforcing the keys to conducting research to influence policy.

scholarly journals Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Ownership and Firm Value: Evidence from Listed Chinese Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusheng Kong ◽  
Takuriramunashe Famba ◽  
Grace Chituku-Dzimiro ◽  
Huaping Sun ◽  
Ophias Kurauone
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Tobin’S Q ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Tobin's Q ◽  
Negative Effect

This study analyzes corporate ownership as a corporate governance mechanism and its role in creating firm value. Previous research shows that there is no convergence on the firm-value corporate ownership relationship. Most research in this area takes a cross national approach ignoring the uniqueness of each institutional setting particularly those of emerging nations. Using a unique firm level dataset, we investigate how corporate control nature and ownership concentration affect the value of Chinese listed firms. First, non-state owned control is associated with a higher Tobin’s Q while a negative premium is found for state owned. Using the hybrid and the correlated random effects model we confirm a U-shaped non-linear relationship between ownership concentration and Tobin’s Q, implying that firm value first decreases and then increases as block holders own more shares. Further investigation reveals that the negative effect of ownership concentration is weaker when a firm equity nature is non-state owned enterprises (non-SOEs) compared to state-owned enterprises (SOEs). While ownership concentration appears to be an efficient mechanism for corporate governance its effect is weaker for SOEs compared to non-SOEs. The results support privatization of SOEs, sound reforms such as the split share structure reform as crucial for the development of China’s stock market.

Audit committee effectiveness, audit quality and earnings management: a meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zgarni Inaam ◽  
Halioui Khamoussi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – Many researchers, in several contexts, have investigated the influence of audit committee effectiveness and audit quality variables on reducing the extent of earnings management, and empirical evidence is rather inconsistent. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of this paper is to meta-analyze the results of 58 prior studies that examined whether differences in results are related to moderating effects associated with corporate governance mechanisms or measures of earnings management. Findings – The findings show that the meta-analysis identifies many significant relationships. The independence of the audit committee, its size, expertise and the number of meetings have a negative relationship with earnings management. Similar negative relationships exist between auditor size, specialization and earnings management. Research limitations/implications – This study contributes to the corporate governance literature. Further, recognizing the function of an audit committee and audit quality shows the value of considering an institutional setting in governance research. This study is significant to academic and practitioner literatures, policy makers and professional accounting bodies as it shows that governance reforms promote companies to adopt good governance practices. The results also give useful information to investors in examining the effect of audit committee characteristics and audit quality on earnings quality. Originality/value – This study extends existing research on audit committee and audit quality to oversee both accrual and real earnings management using meta-analysis. Thus, this study has the potential to help stakeholders, board of directors, regulators and auditors, who are related with enhancing the supervision of firms and reducing the opportunities given to managers, to engage in earnings management.

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