[Correction]: Willingness to Pay Per Capita Costs as a Measure of Support for Urban Services

1982 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Per Capita

Willingness to Pay Per Capita Costs as a Measure of Support for Urban Services

1982 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Arrington ◽  
David D. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Per Capita

scholarly journals Willingness to Pay for Wind versus Natural Gas Generation of Electricity

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-70
Author(s):  
Kofi Nkansah ◽  
Alan R Collins
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Alternative Policy ◽  
Per Capita

In 2009, West Virginia enacted an Alternative and Renewable Portfolio Act (APRA) to broaden its energy use for electricity beyond coal. A choice experiment survey was conducted to assess West Virginians’ willingness to pay (WTP) for 10 percent of electricity generated from wind energy versus natural gas. Results showed that residential consumers preferred electricity generated from wind, with annual per-capita WTP averaging from $19.25 to $26.75. Given the subsequent repeal of the APRA in 2015, we propose implementation of a voluntary green pricing program as an alternative policy to increase the share of renewable energy in West Virginia's energy portfolio.

scholarly journals City and Urban Social Justice, Analyzing and Evaluating Regional Inequalities (Case Study: Eight Urban Deteriorated Districts of Zahedan City)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Fereshte Sheybani Moghadam ◽  
Behrouz Darvish ◽  
Tayebeh Sargolzaee Javan
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Ideal Condition ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The City ◽  
Quality Indexes

Dissolution of distribution system of urban services centers has been one of the most important consequences of the rapid growth of urbanization and physical development of Iranian cities within recent decades. It has brought about social inequalities for citizens in terms of taking advantage of such services. The public urban services forms the physical, social and spatial nature of a city; hence, unfair distribution of such services will impose an irrecoverable influence on both the structure and nature of the city and class-based segregation of districts of the city on the one hand and has brought about serious challenges for the urban management. This study tries to explain life quality levels in the urban deteriorated fabric of Zahedan City based on 38 life quality indexes and their relationship with the urban land uses per capita across different districts; 10-use per capita has been used. Over-18-year-old citizens living in deteriorated districts of Zahedan City constitutes population of this study. Totally 258789 people live in such districts. A total of 384 people were selected as the sample of the study using random sampling and Cochran’s formula. A descriptive-analytical method was followed to conduct the study. Initially, exploratory studies and preliminary visits were arranged and then it was followed by the field study, using survey method. Entropy and COPRAS methods were used to determine the sample size of the questionnaires given population of each district and finally to analyze and rank districts. The results showed that per capita distribution of urban services across the districts 4, 3 and 5 was better than the standard per capita issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development and they were closer to the ideal condition. However, there was a large gap between distribution per capita in districts 2, 1, 7 and 8 and the standard per capita and the positive ideal and they have not ideal condition. According to the life quality indexes, accessing to primary schools is the most important item for the citizens and this item is not ideal in these districts and is the first item in the urban services accessibility indexes. Finally, the results of rating districts based on urban per capita and life quality indexes indicate that there is a weak relationship between urban per capita and life quality indexes; as only a district out of eight ones showed an equal rate.

Contingent Valuation Method Assessment of the Ecological Benefits of Populus Euphratica Forest Based on Consumer Perspective - Taking the Typical Area in Tarim River Basin as an Example

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 703-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Zhi Xu ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Wu Xu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
Tarim River ◽  
Tarim River Basin ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Per Capita

Populus euphratica Olive. as the skeleton of the desert riparian forest is a green barrier for protection oasis of the southern areas of Xinjiang. Degradation of P. euphratica forest is the concentrated expression of ecological vulnerability in the desert areas. In order to understand the residents cognition degree to the ecological value of P. euphratica forest and willingness to pay (WTP) for P. euphratica forest protection along the Tarim River Basin, The questionnaires and interview methods were used , the largest payment were estimated with contingent valuation method (CVM) and the main affecting factors were explored.The main conclusions showed that the residents income, education and cognition degree to the P. euphratica forest were significant impact on the maximum payment value; Different ecological environment, economic and social conditions along the Trim River Basin had a critical influence to payment options and the size of payment willingness for the residents; The maximum willingness to pay per capita of 53 groups, 13 groups, 34 groups amounted to 220.89 yuan / year, 499.08 yuan / year, 653.20 yuan / year, the per capita amount paid in descending order was 34 group > 13 group> 53 group.

scholarly journals HOUSEHOLDS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN LOC NINH COMMUNE, DONG HOI CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4C) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Tran Ngoc Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Per Capita

The willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental sanitation fee was examined with an aim to estimate the average WTP of local residents in Loc Ninh commune, Dong Hoi city, and to analyze a number of factors influencing the WTP level. Ninety six households were selected with a Stratified Random Sampling technique and interviewed with structured questionnaires on different fee levels that they were willing to pay for. The analysis results processed with Weighted Average Method showed that the average WTP was 18,440 VND/month. The highest and lowest WTP per month were 26,000÷29,000 VND/month and 17,000 VND/month, respectively. Based on Regression Analysis Model added in the Analysis Toolpak of MS. Excel, this paper investigated 4 key demographic characteristics of respondents; namely age, sex, occupation and per capita income which likely affected the WTP level. Of which, education and per capita income greatly influenced the WTP, i.e. respondents with higher levels of these factors showed higher level of WTP. In terms of occupation, the WTP of those residents who were engaged in farming were lower than that of other surveyed occupations.

scholarly journals Demand pattern and willingness to pay for high value fish consumption: Case study from selected coastal cities in Kerala, south India

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam S. Salim
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
South India ◽  
Export Price ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Per Capita

Fishing occupies an important place in the economy of Kerala State, south India as a vital source of food and protein, avenue for employment and most importantly in the export market. Kerala’s population is basically a fish eating population where the level of fish consumption is four times the national average. The annual per capita fish consumption has increased from 15 kg in 1970s to about 23 kg in 2011. The high value fishes like shrimps, squids, seer fishes and pomfrets are massively exported due to economies of scale, thereby leading to limited local availability resulting in high domestic prices. The present study assessed the fish intake pattern across 600 middle income consumer households of urban area in the metropolitan cities of Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi and Kozhikode in Kerala. The average family size was found to be 4.2. The study concentrated on income cum expenditure pattern, buying trend, hindrances in fish consumption and readiness to pay for high value fishes. Willingness to pay was figured out using logit model. The results indicated that the income and access to the selling points of fish enhanced the demand. The per capita montly fsh consumption was found to be 2.2 kg with low value per capita fish consumption estimated as 1.43 kg on an average, and the average high value per capita fish consumption at 0.77 kg across study areas. The fish food consumption pattern trends across the different study locales clearly portrayed that there exists significant demand for high value fish and fish products. Most local consumers weren’t aware about low export price and more than 50 % expressed their willingness to pay which indicated existence of a high consumer surplus. Results of the study stressed the need for governmental intervention in controlling fish exports thereby safeguarding local fish food security, replacing exports with local marketing; considering the demand for sizeable quantum and ample readiness to pay.

scholarly journals Beef tastes and preferences In Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-235
Author(s):  
Nicolás Cartagena-Romero ◽  
Alexandra Gregory-Crespo ◽  
Melvin Pagán-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Consumer Tastes ◽  
Locally Grown ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

Puerto Rico produced 12.7% of the per capita consumption of beef during 2010. We studied consumer tastes and preferences for beef in Puerto Rico and willingness to pay for locally produced bistec cut through a questionnaire designed for this purpose. Results showed that participants preferred chicken over beef and beef over pork. In addition, results showed that 31% of the participants preferred churrasco (skirt steak), but 84% buy ground beef. A question eliciting reasons not to buy locally grown beef was included; 31% of participants indicated price as the reason while 19% indicated availability. Results showed that 69% of participants are willing to pay more for locally produced beef.

scholarly journals Analysis of Urban Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Forest Ecological Services Based on the Multilayer Linear Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yi Sun ◽  
Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Ecological Services ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Per Capita

This study takes 8 cities in Shaanxi province as the research object and uses the multilayer linear model specifically for nested structure data to introduce the urban macroexplanatory variables on the basis of individual level of residents and influence the willingness of urban residents to pay for forest ecological services. The factors are analyzed in multiple layers to find out the prediction effect on ecological payment, and on this basis, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The results show that regional differences have a significant impact on residents’ willingness to pay for forest ecological services; individual characteristics and regional characteristics can independently have a significant impact on residents’ willingness to pay; after introducing macrolevel variables, individual-level environmental awareness and per capita income, five variables, such as education level, place of residence, and age, have significant predictive effects on residents’ willingness to pay; among them, the interaction between consumer price index and environmental awareness is the largest, followed by the interaction between consumer price index and age. Per capita social security is the interaction between expenditure and environmental awareness. Finally, that is the interaction between the per capita social security expenditure and age and the interaction between the average salary of employees and the monthly per capita income.

Incorporating zero and missing responses into CVM with open-ended bidding: willingness to pay for blue skies in Beijing

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOHUA YU ◽  
DAVID ABLER
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Hurdle Model ◽  
Missing Responses ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Data Estimation

ABSTRACTBased on decision theory, this paper suggests a four-hurdle model to deal with zero and missing responses in the contingent valuation method with open-ended bidding, which is used to analyze the willingness to pay for blue skies in Beijing where air pollution is known to be very serious. The mean and the median of the predicted willingness to pay for blue skies per household are, respectively, 120.15 and 128.60 yuan, less than 0.2% of the per capita annual disposal income in Beijing. This is very low compared to results from studies of other countries. The empirical results also indicate that the four-hurdle model is superior to the Tobit model and raw data estimation.

scholarly journals Research on Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Promoting the Green Development of Resource-Based Cities: A Case Study in Chifeng

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2833
Author(s):  
Meng Zhao ◽  
Xueqi Zhang ◽  
Chenxing Wang ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Residents Attitudes

Resource-based cities have made significant contributions to the development of human beings but have also accumulated various unsustainable ills. For this reason, China put forward the strategy of green development. This study used questionnaires to explore the extent of residents’ understanding of regional green development in Chifeng City and their willingness to support local green development, and further analyzed the differences in the residents’ attitudes and willingness to pay (WTP) with different socioeconomic characteristics. The results showed that most of the respondents supported the green development strategy and demonstrated a strong willingness to participate in regional green development investment. According to calculations, the per capita WTP for green development in Chifeng is 45.05 yuan/a (about 7 dollars/a, 5.7 euros/a). Urban residents, government employees, and well-educated respondents were more inclined to support regional green development and showed a greater WTP. Elderly and female respondents agreed more with the government’s green development promotion, while the young and middle-aged populations and men tended to have higher green development expenditures. The respondents’ annual income difference was reflected in the amounts of residents’ WTP. This study also offered scientific support and policy assistance to promote the environmental protection work from government-led to public participation.

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