Of Lost Civilizations and Primitive Tribes, Amazonia: Reply to Meggers

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Heckenberger ◽  
James B. Petersen ◽  
Eduardo Góes Neves
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Modern World ◽  
American Antiquity ◽  
Cultural Formations

Meggers's critique of views presented by DeBoer et al. (1996), Wüst and Barreto (1999), and Heckenberger et al. (1999) in Latin American Antiquity misrepresents these authors and others. Her criticisms, largely directed at the present authors, obfuscate fundamental points raised regarding the nature and variability of cultural formations and economic patterns in Amazonia. By conflating indigenous resource management systems, which we discuss, with mechanized development strategies of the modern world, she creates an unnecessarily polemical atmosphere for debate.

Latin American Public Administration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Chudnovsky
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
The Future

The reality of Latin American public administrations has surpassed many of the categories that could be derived theoretically. In fact, a common feature of most public administrations in the region is, precisely, their internal heterogeneity. The alternation of “fashions and models” has left various (and at times contradictory) organizational remnants: accumulated “geological layers” of different instruments (and modes) of management—replaced by other “prettier and better” ones before concluding their cycle; frustrated and/or interrupted reforms that generate daily confusion as a result of the tensions caused between management systems; and half-implemented regulations patched up with new laws that seek to resolve the failures of the previous ones, causing complex regulatory mosaics for the future implementers of the new reforms. The difficulty of professionalizing the civil service in the region is a good indicator of the (continued) absence of consolidated Weberian administrative bureaucracies and a clear expression of the coexistence of different public administration models and development strategies.

Abstract 281: First successful implementation of Crew Resource Management techniques adapted form the aviation industry to an Argentine Hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
GERARDO E BOZOVICH ◽  
FRANCISCO KLEIN
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Crew Resource Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
Airline Pilots

Introduction: Medical errors are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals worldwide. Poor teamwork and communication skills rather than lack of technical knowledge have been identified as a common factor in numerous studies. Objective: To promote a safer medical practice through the adoption of Crew Resource Management (CRM) procedures directly adapted from the aviation industry for the first time in Argentina. Methods: Starting in 2009 we organized a hybrid team of two physicians/amateur aviators and two expert airline pilots with a significant background on safety analysis and CRM training . The setting for the initial experience was a teaching hospital with high volume cardiovascular and organ transplantation departments. CRM training has been offered at least once a year in a non compulsory manner to the entire spectrum of healthcare personnel, including medical and nursing students. Courses are structured in two day sessions divided in several chapters and workshops: Introduction, statistics, leadership, communication skills, and avoidance of risky behaviors. Slides, full text articles and reports are available for permanent consultation by personnel along with discussion forums at the Moodle based site of the program. Results: Satisfaction levels among attendees has consistently averaged 92%. Following training, briefings and debriefings have been implemented as standard procedures along with checklists both at Intensive Care, Operating Rooms and General Ward. No wrong side or wrong patient interventions have been reported over 3 years, while in 1/9500 surgical procedures a misidentification of a patient occurred with successful detection at the second crossed check on admission to the OR. Overdosing was reported in 1 every 4960 admissions, none fatal or disabling. Conclusions: Choosing a hybrid team of physicians and airline pilots rather than physicians or nurses alone as facilitators was a key factor to spark interest in teamwork factors and to avoid fear of punishment following reports. Despite cultural differences, CRM can be as feasible and successful in a Latin American hospital environment as previously shown in several centers in the United States.

Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations in the Latin American Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 285-305
Author(s):  
Wilson Aparecido Costa de Amorim ◽  
Antonio Carvalho Neto
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Hrm Practices

With a particular focus on the Mercosur bloc, this chapter examines key features of human resource management (HRM) and industrial relations systems (IRS) in Latin America. Several key themes are explicated in the chapter. The first theme is whether the dissemination of HRM practices in an institutional setting that emphasizes the hierarchical and market characteristics of IRS will also produce some kind of convergence in these practices. The second theme is to what extent the rather different national institutional environments generate similar or different HRM practices. The third theme, relatedly, is whether evidence exists of mimetic influences in the spread of HRM practices. The framework discussed in the chapter could serve as a useful theoretical point of departure for identifying both national and regional contextual influences on HRM and IRS. It may ignite interest in comparative analyses in the Latin American context. Accounts of HRM in the Latin American context, along with comparative analyses of IRS of specific countries in the region, are significantly underrepresented in the literature. Furthering national comparative research on HRM practices of organizations in the Mercosur region could open up new lines of inquiry, in particular, on the likelihood of convergence or divergence.

scholarly journals Role of Institutions and Organizations for the Sustainable Management of Forest and Pasture as Common Property Resources in Nepal: An Overview of the Indigenous and Traditional Practices

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 31-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laya Prasad Uprety
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Common Property Resources

This is an overview paper based on the contemporary literature available in the regime of forest and pasture as common property resources. The analysis has underscored the role of local institutions and organizations for the sustainable management of forest and pasture as common property resources. The paper concludes that farmers of Nepal have developed and used the organizational and institutional mechanisms for the sustained management of these resources by ensuring social equity. Understanding the ingredients of indigenous resource management systems can have a bearing on developing appropriate national policies aiming at ensuring the sustainability of the future programs of Nepal.Key Words: Institution, organization, indigenous, traditional, common property, sustainable, social equity, participation, etc.DOI = 10.3126/dsaj.v2i0.1357Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.2 pp.31-64

Power Consumption Aware Cluster Resource Management

2013 ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
Simon Kiertscher ◽  
Bettina Schnor ◽  
Jörg Zinke
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Current Load ◽  
Speed Scaling ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Performance Per Watt ◽  
Save Energy

In 2007, the Green500 list was introduced, which compares supercomputers by performance-per-watt. Since supercomputers consist of thousands of nodes, energy-saving is a growing demand. Compute clusters are often managed by a so-called Resource Management Systems (RMS), which have load information about the whole system. For clusters with changing compute demands, this can be used to switch on/off nodes according to the current load situation and save energy this way. Here, the authors present energy-saving techniques that work on the management level and measurements that show that speed scaling is not a good means for energy saving. Further, they give an overview of some important standards and specifications related to energy saving, like ACPI and IPMI. Finally, the authors present their energy-saving daemon called CHERUB. Due to its modular design, it can operate with different Resource Management Systems. Their experimental results show that CHERUB’s scheduling algorithm works well, i.e. it will save energy, if possible, and avoids state flapping.

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