The Zoot-Suit Riots: The Psychology of Symbolic Annihilation

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
John J. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Mauricio Mazon
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Annihilation ◽  
Zoot Suit

The Zoot-Suit Riots: The Psychology of Symbolic Annihilation

1985 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario T. Garcia ◽  
Mauricio Mazon
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Annihilation ◽  
Zoot Suit

The Zoot-Suit Riots: The Psychology of Symbolic Annihilation

1985 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Arnoldo De Leon ◽  
Mauricio Mazon
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Annihilation ◽  
Zoot Suit

Zoot-Suit, Challenge to the Norm, and Zoot-Suit Riots

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-59
Author(s):  
 Youn-jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Zoot Suit

scholarly journals ‘The Sheep and the Goats’: Interwar Women Journalists, the Society of Women Journalists, and the Woman Journalist

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Lonsdale
Keyword(s):  
Professional Associations ◽  
World War ◽  
National Union ◽  
Women Journalists ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gender Barriers ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Symbolic Annihilation ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
The Public Sphere

By the outbreak of the Second World War, women made up approximately 20 per cent of journalists in Britain, doubling their participation in mainstream journalism since the turn of the twentieth century. They were mostly employed by women’s magazines, were precariously freelance or confined to the newspaper ‘women’s page’, and faced resistance from the powerful National Union of Journalists, which imposed limitations on women’s access to newspaper newsrooms. Women journalists had emerged from the First World War with prominent bylines on popular newspaper leader pages; however, many women struggled to maintain their elevated status through the interwar years and either retreated into, or were pushed back into, the women’s sections. Using content from the Woman Journalist, newspaper and magazine articles, and memoirs, this chapter will examine the role, status, and professional associations of interwar women journalists to piece together their lives and attitudes to work. There is no doubt that, as members of a subjugated group, women journalists faced many struggles, but this chapter will ask whether these struggles were outweighed by the opportunities for adventure and financial independence that journalism offered them. It will also examine whether female journalists’ contributions to interwar newspapers and magazines reinforced media messages limiting women’s lives to ‘hearth and home’, thus contributing to women’s ‘symbolic annihilation’ from the public sphere.1 It will also ask whether the professional organisation, the Society of Women Journalists (SWJ), and its organ, the Woman Journalist, helped women journalists challenge gender barriers or encouraged gender stereotyping in their work.

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