Vases from Odos Pandrosou

1945 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semni Papaspyridi Karouzou
Keyword(s):  
National Museum ◽  
Dead Body ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Many ◽  
Antique Dealer ◽  
Grey Colour

The showcases of the antique-dealers in Odos Pandrosou are full of little lekythoi which were painted for the tombs of humble men of the people, and which to-day are destined for modest purchasers or for the Inspectors of the Archaeological Section of the Ministry of Education, while for more important purchasers there are hidden away somewhere else works of much greater value. It is seldom that we are stopped by the art or the subject of one of these lekythoi.In 1943 when I was making an inventory of the stock of one antique-dealer—that which was on show—I picked out one lekythos which the owner gladly presented to the National Museum (Plate IVa, Figs, 1 and 2). From the funeral pyre the surface of the vase has taken a brown-grey colour, and the many joins show that it had been thrown to be broken and burnt with the dead body.A curious male figure wrapped in a himation up to the top of the head, so that only the -eye and the upper part of the head remain free, walks rapidly to the left, raising one leg vigorously. He lifts his himation with his hand to help him move. High boots cover his legs to a point just below the knee. The hanging wreath does not appear to be related to the interpretation of the picture, but is taken from the commonplaces of funeral lekythoi, especially white ones.

scholarly journals The disorderly body: considerations of The Book of Numbers, 19 and ritual impurity after contact with a corpse

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Sandra Junker
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Dead Body ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Living Body ◽  
The People ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Living Creature

This article deals with the idea of ritual bodily impurity after coming into contact with a corpse in the Hebrew Bible. The evanescence and impermanence of the human body testifies to the mortality of the human being. In that way, the human body symbolizes both life and death at the same time; both conditions are perceivable in it. In Judaism, the dead body is considered as ritually impure. Although, in this context it might be better to substitute the term ‘ritually damaged’ for ‘ritually impure’: ritual impurity does not refer to hygienic or moral impurity, but rather to an incapability of exercising—and living—religion. Ritual purity is considered as a prerequisite for the execution of ritual acts and obligations. The dead body depends on a sphere which causes the greatest uncertainty because it is not accessible for the living. According to Mary Douglas’s concepts, the dead body is considered ritually impure because it does not answer to the imagined order anymore, or rather because it cannot take part in this order anymore. This is impurity imagined as a kind of contagious illness, which is carried by the body. This article deals with the ritual of the red heifer in Numbers 19. Here we find the description of the preparation of a fluid that is to help clear the ritual impurity out of a living body after it has come into contact with a corpse. For the preparation of this fluid a living creature – a faultless red heifer – must be killed. According to the description, the people who are involved in the preparation of the fluid will be ritually impure until the end of the day. The ritual impurity acquired after coming into contact with a corpse continues as long as the ritual of the Red Heifer remains unexecuted, but at least for seven days. 

A Seventeenth-Century Encomienda: Chimaltenango, Guatemala.

1959 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Byrd Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Bernal Diaz Del Castillo ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Town

Captain Francisco Antonio de Fuentes y Guzmán, whose proud boast it was (as he never tires of reminding us) that he was the great-great-grandson of Bernal Díaz del Castillo, in his erratic, rambling, and frequently delightful Recordación Florida (c. 1690), has this to say about the ancient town that will be the subject of this article: Three smooth and pleasant leagues north of this City of Goathemala, on a road thickly studded with villages and tile yards, upon a high eminence in the midst of a wide and marvelous plain, but so accessible and gently sloping that, despite the many carts, the journey can be made quite comfortably in a carriage, lies the town of Chimaltenango (called by the Indians, Bocco). This broad and smiling plain is always clothed with pleasant and fertile meadows, and with rich and extensive cornfields. It is more than sixteen leagues in circumference, of rich and very fecund soil, and produces in abundance, corn, chickpeas, beans, capons and chickens, as well as other things… . The Indians of the district do not cultivate other crops, but maintain themselves with what it yields, so that the people of its villages are plentifully supplied with everything, according to their own way of living, and have no need to seek food elsewhere… . On the contrary, the people from other villages come to their market to buy whatever they lack … , so that for three leagues roundabout (the distance to which their commerce extends) there is as much provender as one finds in the abundant markets of Goathemala City.

scholarly journals NATA SANKIRTANA AND MANIPURI SOCIETY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-480
Author(s):  
M.Thoiba Singh
Keyword(s):  
Classical Music ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Rhythmic Pattern ◽  
Dead Body ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Guardian ◽  
Society Today

The Nata Sankirtana style of singing which was introduced during the reign of Rajarshi Bhagyachandra (1763-1798 A.D.). The great masters and scholars of that period composed and sang the padavali strictly after the Bhagavata tradition and other major Vaishnavite text and based the composition also on the traditional Ragas and Raginis of classical music tradition. Modern research has discovered a lot of regional overtones in the architecture of the particular Ragas and Raginis. The Manipuris call the Nata Sankirtana singing their own and it is clearly a form of collective prayer, a Mahayajna as they call it, lasting for about 5 hours at a stretch with a lot of rituals, movements and rhythmic pattern, strictly after the vaishnavite faith. Nata Sankirtana is a composite version of music, dance and tala; a Sangeet in the true sense of the term. It is also Drishya Kavya, a poem made visible. Nata Sankirtan is a very important aspect in the lives of the people in Manipur. It is because when our end is near, people listen to Hari-naam to relieve us from all the wrong doings that we have done before, so that we die peacefully. After death the family members would take the dead body for the last rites. In the shraddha ceremony, the Nat Sankirtana will start with raga. Before the invocation of the god and prayers start, Pinda- dan cannot be offered. After offering the Pindadan, the owner of the ceremony will have a bath and wear washed clothes. He will then come and offer his respects towards the end of the Sankirtan when Raga Bijay is being performed. The Shraddha ceremony comes to an end with the guardian of the Mandap sending the departed soul to beikuntha dham.  In case of any death in a house, Naam Sankirtana plays an important role. In the ten days of mourning or Dashahan, the ritual will start with Naam Sankirtana and other rituals like reading Shrimad Bhagavat Gita will follow. The particular person who mourns, known as the Gira thangba, will only offer Pindadan after the Sankirtana starts. Even in asti sanchai or the ritual of picking up the remains from the grave, Sankirtana is performed along with Parikrama around the Hari mandir. In this manner,for Meitei Vaishnavites living in the society today, Nat Sankirtana Mahayajna was become an indispensable event in the lives of the people since time immemorial. In short, Nata Sankirtana is the only highest karma for the Meitei society. This paper attempts to understand the important role of Nata Sankirtana in Manipuri society.

scholarly journals Legal and historical overview of the protection of possession in Serbian law

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-457
Author(s):  
Biljana Gavrilović
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
Kingdom Of Yugoslavia ◽  
Civil Procedures

The subject of this analysis are the mechanisms of possession according to the Serbian Civil Code and the Code of Civil Procedure from 1929, during the period between 1844 and 1941. The development of the protection of possession during this period is mostly reflected in the fact that possession in the Principality of Serbia and the Kingdom of Serbia was protected, first of all, by means of criminal justice, while in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, this role was played by civil law. Although possession and its protection in the Principality of Serbia and the Kingdom of Serbia were also regulated by civil-law norms, the people were still relying on the criminal justice system to get protection. Beside the many ambiguities in the Serbian Civil Code related to it, the protection of possession was not regulated separately from standard civil procedures in the Code of Civil Procedure from 1865. Thus, only when the Yugoslav Code of Civil Procedure went into effect did possession get proper, civil-law protection on the territory of Serbia.

Mythological Paradeigma in the Iliad

1964 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Willcock
Keyword(s):  
Dead Body ◽  
The People ◽  
The Dead

AN inquiry into the use of paradeigma in the Iliad must begin with Niobe. At 24. 602 Achilles introduces Niobe in order to encourage Priam to have some food. The dead body of the best of Priam's sons has now been placed on the wagon ready for its journey back to Troy. Achilles says (I paraphrase), ‘Now let us eat. For even Niobe ate food, and she had lost twelve children. Apollo and Artemis killed them all; they lay nine days in their blood and there was no one to bury them, because Zeus had turned the people into stone. On the tenth day the gods buried them. But she managed to eat some food, when she was tired of weeping. And now among the mountains, although turned into stone, she still broods over her sorrows. But come, let us also eat. You can weep for your son again later’ (24. 601–19).

On the Formulæ for determining the Value of Benefits, according to the Principle of Collective Assurance

1892 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Ralph Price Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Personal Interest ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Cost

1.—Amongst the various current proposals for the application of the principle of Collectivity to the needs of life, those that relate to the provision for a minimum aid towards sustenance in that period of permanent incapacity known as Old Age, and for the burial of the dead, appear to be the least open to objection on political grounds; whilst the objects in view appeal so strongly to the circumstances of our common Humanity that few are disinclined to lend their assent to this partial recognition of claims that, in their wider extent, they would strongly resist. Fortunately, the question of the cost of these arrangements can be considered apart from all political grounds; and, since the results of its investigation disclose some novel and curious modifications of the formulæ for the ordinary Benefits, it has appeared to me that, by limiting the enquiry to the terms shown on the title to this Paper, the subject might be brought before this Meeting, without any breach of the benevolent neutrality that has so largely contributed to the preservation of our personal harmony amidst the many inevitable divergencies of opinion on subjects of close personal interest to all.

scholarly journals „Þæt is mid Estum þeaw þæt þærsceal ælces geðeodes man beon forbærned”. What exactly Wulfstan said about the burning of the dead by Ester in the fragment of his report on the trip to Truso? .

2015 ◽  
Vol 290 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-578
Author(s):  
Rafał Panfil
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Old English ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
English Text ◽  
Dead Body ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
Grammatical Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead

In 1961 a part of Old English Orosius, the description of northernmost and central Europe, was translated into Polish and edited by Gerard Labuda. The source contains two short travel accounts by Othere and Wulfstan in the end of ninth century. The Polish editor did not avoid a number of linguistic mistakes made during the translation. Moreover, this was issued without any syntactic and grammatical analysis of the original Old English text. The Labuda’s edition only provides the Polish translation of the modern English translation by the mid-nineteenth century English scholar Joseph Bosworth. This resulted in the wrong inter�pretation of some important information contained in it. The subject of this paper is a one of the sentences included in the final fragment of the description of the funeral rites among the Ests/the Old Prussians – „Þæt is mid Estum þeaw þæt þær sceal ælces geðeodes man beon forbærned”. My aim is to understand this passage of the OE text correctly by providing it’s linguistic and grammati�cal examination to see how it corresponds with the known or presumed historical circumstances of the time and place. The interpretation of the old written source cannot be separated from its context, it this particular case especially from the local archaeological context. This will be arguing in my paper. At last,the above mentioned passage should be translated as:„And that is a custom among the Ests that people of every nationality must be cremated there”. According to this custom, the dead body of every man, that has passed away in the Witland, must be burned on the funeral pile. This Wulfstan’s description seems to be strongly supported by the number of rich equipped graves of the foreigners discovered and archaeologi�cally investigated at the number of early medieval cemeteries located in modern day city of Elbląg area and dated to the VIII/IX/X/XI century.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN TAJHIZ MAYIT MELALUI PENGGUNAAN LABORATORIUM PAI PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPA-1 SMA NEGERI 8 BANDA ACEH

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Elvita Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Dead Body ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Banda Aceh

This research intended to know teachers’ activities to manage the learning process of tajhiz mayit by using the PAI laboratory; students’ activities in the tajhiz mayit by using the PAI laboratory; and the practical ability of students of class XI IPA-1 SMAN 8 Banda Aceh on tajhiz materials. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) with four cycles, each consists of four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The results of data analysis indicated that there wis an increase in the average value of students and their active participation in each subject matter, ranging from bathing, shrouding, doing prayer for, and burying the dead body. For example, teacher activity in managing learning process in the first cycle of first meeting on bathing the dead reached 64.28 in average falling into mild category; and at second meeting increased to 87.71 in average with good category. In the cycle II, on the first meeting on the subject of shrouding the dead body was 64.28 in average falling into mild category; and at the second meeting increased to 89.28 on average falling into a very good category. Likewise, the increase in the score average and students’ participations in other cycles after the use of CAR in the laboratory.

The People of Sunghir

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Trinkaus ◽  
Alexandra P. Buzhilova ◽  
Maria B. Mednikova ◽  
Maria V. Dobrovolskaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Remains ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Human Fossil ◽  
Fossil Remains ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Behavior

In this latest volume in the Human Evolution Series, Erik Trinkaus and his co-authors synthesize the research and findings concerning the human remains found at the Sunghir archaeological site. It has long been apparent to those in the field of paleoanthropology that the human fossil remains from the site of Sunghir are an important part of the human paleoanthropological record, and that these fossil remains have the potential to provide substantial data and inferences concerning human biology and behavior, both during the earlier Upper Paleolithic and concerning the early phases of human occupation of high latitude continental Eurasia. But despite many separate investigations and published studies on the site and its findings, a single and definitive volume does not yet exist on the subject. This book combines the expertise of four paleoanthropologists to provide a comprehensive description and paleobiological analysis of the Sunghir human remains. Since 1990, Trinkaus et al. have had access to the Sunghir site and its findings, and the authors have published frequently on the topic. The book places these human fossil remains in context with other Late Pleistocene humans, utilizing numerous comparative charts, graphs, and figures. As such, the book is highly illustrated, in color. Trinkaus and his co-authors outline the many advances in paleoanthropology that these remains have helped to bring about, examining the Sunghir site from all angles.

TRENDS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-449
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Massachusetts General Hospital ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Outstanding Contribution ◽  
American System ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many

AN OBJECTIVE and factual study of existing health insurance plans, authorized somewhat over a year ago by the Senate, has been released by the Senate Labor and Public Welfare Committee. The report was prepared by a special staff working under the direction of Dr. Dean A. Clark, Director of the Massachusetts General Hospital. In submitting the report to the Senate, Senator Lehman (N.Y.) stated: "Your Subcommittee on Health regards it as the most complete, unbiased, and definitive compilation of data on the subject currently available anywhere. We believe it represents an outstanding contribution to our knowledge of the problems of health insurance. We think it will prove of great value to doctors and laymen concerned with the extension and expansion of health insurance programs and to legislators concerned with the many-sided problem of how the people of America can best finance their participation in our American system of medical care. "Nevertheless, the Subcommittee on Health wants it clearly understood that the report does not set forth any recommendations for legislation directly affecting the economics of medical care and that it represents the findings of Dr. Clark and his associates rather than the opinion of the subcommittee or any of its members." Summary of Findings Number of People Enrolled

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