Changing Reproductive Rates in a Neotropical Forest Rodent, Proechimys semispinosus

10.2307/5942 ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory H. Adler ◽  
Ronald P. Beatty
Keyword(s):  
Neotropical Forest ◽  
Proechimys Semispinosus ◽  
Reproductive Rates

Ecological correlates of trap response of a Neotropical forest rodent, Proechimys semispinosus

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory H. Adler ◽  
Thomas D. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Central American ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Neotropical Forest ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Forest Rodents ◽  
Proechimys Semispinosus ◽  
Central Panama

ABSTRACTPatterns of trap response in the Central American spiny rat (Proechimys semispinosus), a frugivorous forest rodent, were examined in relation to age, sex, density and resource abundance. Populations on four small islands (designated numbers 4, 8, 14, and 52) in Gatun Lake (central Panama) were sampled by live-trapping for four nights every month for four years. Trappability was calculated as the proportion of all individuals known to be alive that were actually captured. Mean body mass at first capture was within the range of subadult body masses and differed among islands but not between sexes. Trappabilities summed over the entire study were generally low and differed among islands and age classes (juveniles, subadults and adults) and between sexes. In general, adults were more trappable than juveniles and subadults, and females (particularly adults) were more trappable than males. Trappability and the number of captures per individual varied seasonally and were generally greatest during December and January. Monthly estimates of these two variables were examined for autocorrelation, and the order of the autoregressive error model was determined separately for each island population. The arcsine of trappability and the number of captures per individual were regressed on log10 densities of spiny rats and of fruiting trees and lianas after controlling for autocorrelation. Both trappability indices were negatively related to the density of fruiting trees and lianas on islands 8 and 14, indicating that spiny rats may be seasonally food-stressed. The number of captures per individual was related positively to the density of spiny rats on island 52 and negatively on island 8. Results indicate that spiny rat populations must be sampled with greater intensity and duration than temperate forest rodents.

BOTS (DIPTERA: OESTRIDAE) INFESTING A NEOTROPICAL FOREST RODENT, PROECHIMYS SEMISPINOSUS (RODENTIA: ECHIMYIDAE), IN PANAMA

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory H. Adler ◽  
Shannon L. Davis ◽  
Alejandra Carvajal
Keyword(s):  
Neotropical Forest ◽  
Proechimys Semispinosus

scholarly journals Contrasting tree-cover loss and subsequent land cover in two neotropical forest regions: sample-based assessment of the Mexican Yucatán and Argentine Chaco

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Krylov ◽  
Marc K. Steininger ◽  
Matthew C. Hansen ◽  
Peter V. Potapov ◽  
Stephen V. Stehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Neotropical Forest ◽  
Forest Regions

Comparative demography of increasing and stable populations of blue grouse (Dendragapus obscurus)

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Redfield
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Dendragapus Obscurus ◽  
Comparative Demography ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Stable Populations

The demographic characteristics of an increasing population of blue grouse were studied from 1968 to 1971. Increasing populations of grouse had high reproductive rates and slightly higher than average mortality rates among females as compared to stable populations.

scholarly journals The emergence of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus: will a non-pathogenic strain protect the UK?

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (1411) ◽  
pp. 1087-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. White ◽  
R.A. Norman ◽  
R.C. Trout ◽  
E.A. Gould ◽  
P.J. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Pathogenic Strain ◽  
Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Haemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Age Structured Model

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus emerged in China in 1984, and has killed hundreds of millions of wild rabbits in Australia and Europe. In the UK there appears to be an endemic non–pathogenic strain, with high levels of seroprevalence being recorded, in the absence of associated mortality. Using a seasonal, age–structured model we examine the hypothesis that differences in rabbit population demography differentially affect the basic reproductive rates ( R 0 ) of the pathogenic and non–pathogenic strains, leading to each dominating in some populations and not others. The strain with the higher R 0 excluded the other, with the dynamics depending upon the ratio of the two R 0 values. When the non–pathogenic strain dominated, the pathogenic strain caused only transient mortality, although this could be significant when the two R 0 values were similar. When the pathogenic strain dominated, repeated epidemics led to host eradication. Seroprevalence data suggest that the non–pathogenic strain may be protecting some, but not all UK populations, with half being ‘at risk’ from invasion by the pathogenic strain and a fifth prone to significant transient mortality. We identify key questions for empirical research to test this prediction.

Biophobia breeds unparsimonious exceptionalism

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 279-280
Author(s):  
Steven J. C. Gaulin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Reproductive Rates

AbstractWith respect to aggressiveness it is not enough to say that humans are “like other mammals.” We resemble only those species where males have higher maximum reproductive rates than females. In such species males evolve a set of hormonally mediated competitive traits via sexual selection. Because humans match the predictions of this general evolutionary model, attempts to (re)explain men's aggressiveness in sociological terms are superfluous and misleading.

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