The Social Facts of Deviance in School: A Study of Mundane Reason

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Hester
Keyword(s):  
Social Facts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mundane Reason

Concession Agreements and Nationalization

1958 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Carlston
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Function ◽  
International Economies

It is the purpose of this article to investigate the status of concession agreements in the light of the rules of international law bearing on the power of a state to nationalize property. It is a continuation of an earlier article which explored the nature and function of the concession agreement in the national and international economies. The first article rested on the assumption that legal rules could not be fully understood or evaluated without a fairly clear understanding of the social facts which they were designed to regulate.

scholarly journals Rekonstruksi Keberagamaan Santri Jawa

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahidul Asror
Keyword(s):  
Way Of Life ◽  
Constructive Theory ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The Social

This paper distinguishes first of all between Islam as a system of value—transcendental Islam that is—and Islam as socio-cultural phenomenon—sociological Islam that is. The former is about religion as a given system of belief, while the latter is about religious way of life. While touching briefly on the former, the paper will focus a great deal on the latter. It will focus as such on the “constructed Islam” by the Javanese Muslim santris. Employing the social constructive theory, the paper assumes that these santris are active agents in building their own religiosity through what may be called a dialectical moment. Hence, the paper refuses the commonly believed understanding that social facts are completely outside individual awareness in the process of religious construction. By this, the paper attempts to show that Javanese Islam—sociologically speaking—is none other than the product of santri’s cultural and social upbringing.

Korona dalam Ruang Politik dan Poetik Sastra: Arena Diskursif Karya-karya Fiksi Komunitas Jejak Imaji Yogyakarta Di Era Pandemi

Bakti Budaya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudibyo Sudibyo ◽  
Cahyaningrum Dewojati ◽  
Novi Siti Kussuji Indrastuti ◽  
Rina Zuliana
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Service Program ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Literary Community ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practice Methods

This article departs from the findings of the implementation of the community service program of Literary Studies, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada in the form of providing workshop and assistance in writing fiction works for the Komunitas Jejak Imaji (KJI). KJI is a space of community for writers, poets, and students who carry out the routine of gathering, discussing, and producing literary works. This community is located in Yogyakarta — which culturally has a social climate that supports the existence of literary development and the literary community. In the midst of a pandemic, the demands for innovation on the formation of new habits and new knowledge provide a new field for communities to continue to exist in producing literary works. This service was initiated to spark community awareness to revive its literary space amid the pandemic. The implementation of the service program uses lecture, discussion, and practice methods to produce works about Covid-19 that are ready to be published through the application of research and processing of historical data, as well as social facts in literary works. Even though the story ideas from the 14 works of fiction they wrote were a response to the Covid-19 pandemic, the tendency of their works is not far from the social problems surrounding them. The conceptual framework used to see the tendency of KJI's fiction is Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory which is to answer the question of how the corona is received and responded to in a political space as well as a literary poetic space. The results of these activities show that the entire works of fiction written by the Imaji Literature Community, tend to put the discourse of globality clashed with various social problems experienced by the Indonesian people in general and local communities in particular during the pandemic. ===== Tulisan ini berangkat dari temuan pelaksanaan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat Magister Sastra, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Gadjah Mada berupa pemberian pelatihan (workshop) dan pendampingan penulisan karya fiksi untuk Komunitas Jejak Imaji (KJI). KJI merupakan salah satu ruang sastrawan, penyair, dan mahasiswa yang ‘menggemari sastra’ melaksanakan rutinitas berkumpul, berdiskusi, dan memproduksi karya sastra. Komunitas ini berlokasi di Yogyakarta—yang secara kultural memiliki iklim pergaulan yang mendukung eksistensi perkembangan sastra dan komunitas sastra di dalamnya. Di tengah pandemi, tuntutan inovasi atas terbentuknya kebiasaan baru dan pengetahuan baru memberikan medan baru bagi komunitas untuk tetap eksis dalam memproduksi karya sastra. Pengabdian ini diinisiasi untuk memantik kesadaran komunitas untuk menghidupi ruang sastranya kembali di tengah pandemi. Pelaksanaan program pengabdian menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, dan praktik hingga menghasilkan karya tentang covid-19 yang siap publis melalui penerapan riset dan pengolahan data sejarah, serta fakta sosial dalam karya sastra. Meskipun ide cerita dari 14 karya fiksi yang mereka tulis merupakan respon atas pandemi covid-19, kecenderungan karya-karya mereka tidak jauh dari persoalan sosial di sekitarnya. Kerangka konseptual yang digunakan untuk melihat kecenderungan karya fiksi KJI adalah konsepsi wacana Laclau dan Mouffe yang untuk menjawab pertanyaan bagaimana korona diterima dan direspon dalam ruang politik sekaligus ruang poetik sastra. Dari hasil kegiatan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan karya fiksi yang ditulis oleh Komunitas Sastra Jejak Imaji cenderung meletakkan wacana global yang dibenturkan dengan berbagai persoalan sosial yang dialami masyarakat Indonesia pada umumnya dan masyarakat lokal pada khususnya selama pandemi.

Durkheim, Émile (1858–1917)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Orru
Keyword(s):  
Human Action ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

Émile Durkheim is generally recognized to be one of the founders of sociology as a distinct scientific discipline. Trained as a philosopher, Durkheim identified the central theme of sociology as the emergence and persistence of morality and social solidarity (along with their pathologies) in modern and traditional human societies. His distinctive approach to sociology was to adopt the positivistic method in identifying and explaining social facts – the facts of the moral life. Sociology was to be, in Durkheim’s own words, a science of ethics. Durkheim’s sociology combined a positivistic methodology of research with an idealistic theory of social solidarity. On the one hand, Durkheim forcefully claimed that the empirical observation and analysis of regularities in the social world must be the starting point of the sociological enterprise; on the other hand, he was equally emphatic in claiming that sociological investigation must deal with the ultimate ends of human action – the moral values and goals that guide human conduct and create the essential conditions for social solidarity. Accordingly, in his scholarly writings on the division of labour, on suicide, on education, and on religion, Durkheim sought to identify through empirical evidence the major sources of social solidarity and of the social pathologies that undermine it.

Events as Templates of Possibility: An Analytic Typology of Political Facts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Berezin
Keyword(s):  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Thick Description ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatial Axis

This article extends the concept of events to bring cultural analysis to bear on political explanation and privileges “thick description” and narrative as methodological tools. Drawing on the views of Emile Durkheim, it argues that events constitute “social facts”—phenomena with sufficient identity and coherence that the social collectivity recognizes them as discrete and important. The article first considers the tension between the political and the cultural using a metaphor from sports and biology that unites agency and nature. It then discusses the intersection of events and experience as an analytic category that incorporates the “counterfactual” turn in historical analysis by drawing on William Sewell’s sociological theory of events. It also argues for the existence of “political facts” and concludes by proposing an analytic typology of political facts based on the classification of events along a temporal or spatial axis.

Who is my stranger?

2018 ◽  
pp. 176-201
Author(s):  
Richard M. Titmuss
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Gift Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Material Gain ◽  
The Future ◽  
Traditional Societies

This chapter explores the social and economic aspects of gift-exchange as a universal phenomenon. Examples drawn from both complex and traditional societies indicate that the personal gift and counter-gift, in which givers and receivers are known to each other and personally communicate with each other, is characterised by a great variety of sentiments and purposes. At one end of the spectrum, economic purposes may be dominant as in some forms of first-gifts which aim to achieve a material gain or to enhance prestige or to bring about material gain in the future. At the other end are those gifts whose purposes are predominantly social and moral in that as ‘total social facts’ they aim to serve friendly relationships, affection, and harmony between known individuals and social groups. Meanwhile, social gifts and actions carrying no explicit or implicit individual right to a return gift or action are forms of ‘creative altruism’.

scholarly journals From duties to rights: revisiting the ‘Social Catholics’ in twentieth-century France

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-605
Author(s):  
Marie-Emmanuelle Chessel
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Catholic Organizations

Abstract Apropos the history of human rights in France, one spontaneously thinks of the French Revolution and then of left-wing activists, particularly socialists. Their opponents, the Catholics, normally considered to be right wing and usually opposed to socialism, appear as a counterpoint. This article argues that some Catholics, especially those who referred to themselves as ‘social Catholics’, also contributed to the adoption of certain rights, particularly social rights, in France in unexpected and paradoxical ways. Their contribution was made through their social activities, visible in their organizations’ archives more than through their discourse. Social Catholics spoke little of ‘rights’. Yet paradoxically, discourses about ‘duties’ can lead to the defence of rights, especially through the practice of social surveys and the importance of social ‘facts’. Examples are taken from the history of the Ligue Sociale d’Acheteurs, the Union Féminine Civique et Sociale and other French Catholic organizations such as the Secrétariats sociaux.

Nevil Shute and the Decline of the Imperial Idea' In Literature

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Lammers
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Charles Kingsley ◽  
World War ◽  
Literary Response ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Second World ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

After John Buchan, Nevil Shute. In the long progression of popular British writers who have woven stories around the social facts and cultural values of empire, a progression which extends from Charles Kingsley and G. A. Henty through Paul Scott and, arguably, Ian Fleming, Nevil Shute occupies a distinguishable and important place. Both in his own right and as a representative figure he deserves analysis on account of his part in the literary re-statement of what has fairly been called the ‘imperial idea,’ that matrix of assumptions, beliefs, and attitudes which had sustained and rationalized the endeavors of several generations of politicians, publicists, and civil servants, but whose relevance to Great Britain's circumstances after the Second World War was increasingly open to doubt. This essay offers the elements of such an analysis and suggests some lines along which further inquiry might proceed.For at least a decade before his death in January 1960, Nevil Shute had been the best selling of English novelists. Altogether, his nearly two dozen works of light fiction have sold over 14 million copies. When he died his books were earning him an income of about $175,000 a year. Such extended popularity can hardly have been fortuitous. Without venturing too far into the psychology of literary response, it seems reasonable to conclude that Shute must have gauged accurately the issues and situations which, imaginatively presented, would interest his readers, and further, that he must have expressed in his work a pattern of values which conformed generally to their moral predispositions (or at least did not offend them.) Hence it should prove worthwhile to take a close and comprehensive look at his themes and ideas on the premise that they can tell us something useful about his audience.

Ideas and Discourse: Reform and Resistance in the Canadian and German Health Systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandna D. Bhatia ◽  
William Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Policy Problem ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
German Health ◽  
The Social

This article examines the conditions under which policy discourses can serve as contributing factors to policy change, even in the absence of changes in institutions and interests. It begins with a discussion of the role of ideas in policy analysis and how they can play a "constitutive role" as frames for policy. Drawing on a distinction between "augmentative" discourses that serve to reinforce an existing policy framework and "transformative discourses" that seek to persuade various publics of the need for significant policy change, four types of policy discourse are defined and a methodology is suggested for identifying these types. Two of these types, "challenging" and "truth-seeking," are hypothesized to be more conducive to the occurrence of significant policy change. Drawing then on case studies of policy change in Canada and Germany respectively, the article shows that a "challenging" discourse emerges in both countries, but leads to significant policy change only in Germany. Based on the comparison of the two cases, it is argued that three factors are relevant to whether a challenging discourse is successful or not: a broad consensus among core policy actors on the nature and gravity of the policy problem; the consistency of the discourse with broadly held normative values; and the persuasiveness of the "social facts" brought to bear in favour of proposed new solutions.

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