History of Sociological Thought

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ken Watkins ◽  
Jerzy Szacki
Keyword(s):  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Thought

Sectarianism in Iraq – a critique by Ali Al-Wardi

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Jabir Kadhem al-Zurfi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Thought ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Impact

The Arab world today is encountering a destructive resurgence of sectarianism, which, up to a few years ago, had been confined to books and rhetorical debates. In the first half of the 20th century, Iraqi sociologist Ali Al-Wardi pioneered the critique of sectarianism in the Arab world. Unlike others, he approached the issue from a specific and unique perspective. His observations of Iraqi history were made from a sociological standpoint that aimed at revealing the impact of sectarianism on Iraqi politics. Al-Wardi's writings were carried out to two phases: the first extends from the early 1950s to the early 1960s; and the second covers the period between the publication of his two books, Study on the Nature of Iraqi Society (the year of publication is unknown) and Social Briefs from the Modern History of Iraq (1971). The first phase focused on Islam's heritage and a number of social phenomena; the second focused exclusively on the study of Iraqi society. A number of factors influenced Al-Wardi's personality and thinking, a fact especially evident in the kind of methodology he used, which was new when addressing the sectarian issue. Based on Al-Wardi's research, this paper traces the historical factors and process that affected the historical development of the divisions separating two main sects of Islam – Shi'a and Sunni – resulting in a duel between them, which led to the configuration of Iraqi society along sectarian lines. It elaborates on the methodology used by Al-Wardi in his studies of Iraqi society, as well as his attitude with regard to sectarianism in modern Iraq. It also explores the intellectual and political influences that helped shape his thinking in this domain and its legacy on sociological thought in the Arab world.

A Short History of Sociological Thought.

Man ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Christopher Pierson ◽  
Alan Swingewood
Keyword(s):  
Short History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Thought

Resistance to the Systematic Study of Multiple Discoveries in Science

1963 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Merton
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Influential Paper ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sociological Thought

The pages of the history of science record thousands of instances of similar discoveries having been made by scientists working independently of one another. Sometimes the discoveries are simultaneous or almost so; sometimes a scientist will make anew a discovery which, unknown to him, somebody else had made years before. Such occurrences suggest that discoveries become virtually inevitable when prerequisite kinds of knowledge and tools accumulate in man's cultural store and when the attention of an appreciable number of investigators becomes focussed on a problem, by emerging social needs, by developments internal to the science, or by both. Since at least 1917, when the anthropologist A. L. Kroeber published his influential paper dealing in part with the subject (I) and especially since 1922, when the sociologists William F. Ogburn and Dorothy S. Thomas compiled a list of some 150 cases of multiple independent discoveries and inventions (2), this hypothesis has become firmly established in sociological thought.

scholarly journals Marxist feminism as theoretical project, genesis andexperienceofimplementationintheXXcentury

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-129
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Baturenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Socialist Feminism ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Thought ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Theoretical Project

The emergence and development of Marxist feminism in Russia and in the world in general is considered in article on the basis of the analysis of primary sources. The problem of position of women attracted a keen interest of representatives of the most different sociological schools in Russia during its formation. The Marxist feminism was the separate significant direction in the Russian sociological thought. It developed as the special theoretical project and also it had bright experience of implementation. Among representatives of the Russian Marxist sociology names of V.I. Lenin, N.K. Krupskaya, A.M. Kollontay which made a big contribution to development of this direction are known. The feminism of the Marxist direction made breakthrough in the theory and implementation of the ideas. In a year of the two- hundredth anniversary since the birth of K. Marx numerous scientific conferences bring up the questions of social development which were occurring in Russia and caused considerable changes of social life again. The Marxist feminism was one of such significant events in the history of the country and in the history of domestic sociology. Now results and consequences of activity of supporters of the Russian Marxist feminism are reinterpreted. During the XX century their main ideas and achievements were exposed to criticism not only in the Russian, but also in foreign sociology. At the same time the author notes that the Marxist feminism develops and now on the basis of the general idea that the gender relations are parallel to class, interact with them and in a sense are their integral part. In modern sociology various directions within socialist feminism were created.

scholarly journals The genesis of Western European sociological thought in the works of G. V. Plekhanov

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Svyatoslav S. Brazevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Thought ◽  
Western European ◽  
Historical Methods

The article presents the results of the analysis by G.V.Plekhanov of the genesis of Western European sociological thought based on the consideration of the social ideas of the French materialists of the 18th century, the rudiments in their philosophical systems of the historical approach to the study of society and understanding the causes of social inequality and injustice as well as overcoming them. The sources and content of the philosophical and historical theories of the French historians of the Restoration period are revealed, those who recognized the struggle of classes as the cornerstone of the social, political and mental development of European society, including the interpretation of the concept of “social environment” as a set of economic relations of classes, which was a contribution to the history of sociology. The analysis of the sociological views of utopian socialists and representatives of German classical philosophy is conducted. It was revealed that a significant contribution to the development of the theory of society were the ideas of social progress and the creation of a new social science that served the cause of social organization, developed by the utopian socialists, as well as the statement that the future of society is decided in the sphere of social and economic relations, and not political and legal ones. It is emphasized that Hegel’s application of dialectics to the analysis of social changes meant undoubted progress in the development of sociological thought, which consisted in the advancement of the idea of the regularity of the social process. The methodological basis of the author’s study of the problem of the genesis of Western European sociological thought in the works of G.V.Plekhanov is made up of dialectical-materialistic and comparative-historical methods, as well as the method of textological analysis and historical-philosophical reconstruction.

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