"I Just Want to Be Fair": Interpersonal Justice in Intergenerational Transfers of Non-Titled Property

The study examines the relationship between leaders’ use of motivating language and their workers’ perceived interactional justice, that is, interpersonal and informational justice. The study also examines the influence of workers’ levels of power distance and uncertainty avoidance orientations on these relationships. We test the proposed model by conducting structural equation modeling using data from a sample of 505 participants. The findings show a positive relationship between leaders’ use of motivating language and their workers’ perceived interpersonal and informational justice. Furthermore, the study confirms our hypotheses that workers’ power distance orientation negatively moderates the relationship between leaders’ use of motivating language and workers’ perceived interpersonal justice and that workers’ uncertainty avoidance orientation negatively moderates the relationship between leaders’ use of motivating language and workers’ perceived informational justice.

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Mitigating Burnout Through Organizational Justice: Customer Support Workers’ Experiences of Customer Injustice and Emotional Labor

Management Communication Quarterly ◽

10.1177/08933189211012040 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089331892110120

Author(s):

Heewon Kim ◽

Rebecca B. Leach

Keyword(s):

Procedural Justice ◽

Customer Service ◽

Emotional Labor ◽

Call Center ◽

Service Industries ◽

Interpersonal Justice ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Customer Support ◽

Decision Making Processes

Employee burnout is a critical organizational concern that can be prevalent among customer support workers whose day-to-day tasks inherently include emotional labor. This study examines emotional labor and burnout among call center workers in customer service industries, specifically focusing on the influences of injustices from customers and supervisors. The findings demonstrate that: (a) customer injustice was associated with an increase in emotional labor, which in turn exacerbated customer support workers’ disengagement and exhaustion; (b) interpersonal justice perceived in the interactions with supervisors was negatively associated with disengagement; and (c) procedural justice perceived in supervisors’ decision-making processes was also negatively associated with disengagement. The findings indicate the mitigating role of interpersonal and procedural justice in reducing burnout among customer support workers.

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Optimal intergenerational transfers: Public education and pensions

Journal of Public Economics ◽

10.1016/j.jpubeco.2021.104411 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 198 ◽

pp. 104411

Author(s):

Monisankar Bishnu ◽

Shresth Garg ◽

Tishara Garg ◽

Tridip Ray

Keyword(s):

Public Education ◽

Intergenerational Transfers

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Population aging and the historical development of intergenerational transfer systems

Genus ◽

10.1186/s41118-020-00100-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ronald Lee

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Population Aging ◽

Intergenerational Transfers ◽

The Elderly ◽

Intergenerational Transfer ◽

Agricultural Revolution ◽

Public Transfers ◽

Working Age ◽

Social Sharing ◽

Private Transfers

Abstract From our evolutionary past, humans inherited a long period of child dependency, extensive intergenerational transfers to children, cooperative breeding, and social sharing of food. Older people continued to transfer a surplus to the young. After the agricultural revolution, population densities grew making land and residences valuable assets controlled by older people, leading to their reduced labor supply which made them net consumers. In some East Asian societies today, elders are supported by adult children but in most societies the elderly continue to make private net transfers to their children out of asset income or public pensions. Growing public intergenerational transfers have crowded out private transfers. In some high-income countries, the direction of intergenerational flows has reversed from downward to upwards, from young to old. Nonetheless, net private transfers remain strongly downward, from older to younger, everywhere in the world. For many but not all countries, projected population aging will bring fiscal instability unless there are major program reforms. However, in many countries population aging will reduce the net cost to adults of private transfers to children, partially offsetting the increased net costs to working age adults for public transfers to the elderly.

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