Late Quaternary Chronology and Palaeoclimates of the Eastern Mediterranean

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
T. J. Wilkinson ◽  
Ofer Bar-Yosef ◽  
Renee S. Kra
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean

Electron Microprobe Correlation of Tephra Layers from Eastern Mediterranean Abyssal Sediments and the Island of Santorini

1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan N. Federman ◽  
Steven N. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Major Element ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Explosive Eruptions ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
Additional Layer ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stratigraphy ◽  
Tephra Layers ◽  
Isotope Stratigraphy

AbstractFive widespread tephra layers are found in late Quaternary sediments (0–130,000 yr B.P.) of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. These layers have been correlated among abyssal cores and to their respective terrestrial sources by electron-probe microanalysis of glass and pumice shards. Major element variations are sufficient to discriminate unambiguously between the five major layers. Oxygen isotope stratigraphy in one of the cores studied was used to data four of the five layers. Two of the widespread layers are derived from explosive eruptions of the Santorini volcanic complex: the Minoan Ash (3370 yr B.P.) and the Acrotiri Ignimbrite (18,000 yr B.P.). An additional layer, found in one core only, is most likely correlated to the Middle Pumice Series of Santorini (approximately 100,000 yr B.P.). Two layers are correlated to deposits on the islands of Yali and Kos and date to 31,000 and 120,000 yr B.P., respectively. One layer originated from the Neapolitan area of Italy 38,000 yr B.P.

scholarly journals Eastern Mediterranean surface water temperatures and δ18O composition during deposition of sapropels in the late Quaternary

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-C. Emeis ◽  
H. Schulz ◽  
U. Struck ◽  
M. Rossignol-Strick ◽  
H. Erlenkeuser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean

scholarly journals Key Environmental Factors Controlling Planktonic Foraminiferal and Pteropod Community’s Response to Late Quaternary Hydroclimate Changes in the South Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Christina Giamali ◽  
George Kontakiotis ◽  
Efterpi Koskeridou ◽  
Chryssanthi Ioakim ◽  
Assimina Antonarakou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
The South

A multidisciplinary study was conducted in order to investigate the environmental factors affecting the planktonic foraminiferal and pteropod communities of the south Aegean Sea. Aspects of the Late Quaternary paleoceanographic evolution were revealed by means of quantitative analyses of planktonic foraminiferal and pteropod assemblages (including multivariate statistical approach; principal component analysis (PCA)), the oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera and related paleoceanographic (planktonic paleoclimatic curve (PPC), productivity (E-index), stratification (S-index), seasonality) indices, extracted by the gravity core KIM-2A derived from the submarine area between Kimolos and Sifnos islands. Focusing on the last ~21 calibrated thousands of years before present (ka BP), cold and eutrophicated conditions were identified during the Late Glacial period (21.1–15.7 ka BP) and were followed by warmer and wetter conditions during the deglaciation phase. The beginning of the Holocene was marked by a climatic amelioration and increased seasonality. The more pronounced environmental changes were identified during the deposition of the sapropel sublayers S1a (9.4–7.7 ka BP) and S1b (6.9–6.4 ka BP), with extremely warm and stratified conditions. Pteropod fauna during the sapropel deposition were recorded for the first time in the south Aegean Sea, suggesting arid conditions towards the end of S1a. Besides sea surface temperature (SST), which shows the highest explanatory power for the distribution of the analyzed fauna, water column stratification, primary productivity, and seasonality also control their communities during the Late Quaternary.

Middle and Late Quaternary depositional sequences and cycles in the eastern Mediterranean

Sedimentology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. LANGE ◽  
J. J. MIDDELBURG ◽  
P. A. PRUYSERS
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Depositional Sequences

Late Quaternary Paleoclimate in the Eastern Mediterranean Region from Stable Isotope Analysis of Speleothems at Soreq Cave, Israel

1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miryam Bar-Matthews ◽  
Avner Ayalon ◽  
Aaron Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Global Events ◽  
Flooding Events

The eastern Mediterranean continental paleoclimate during the past 25,000 years was determined by a high-resolution petrographic, stable isotopic, and age study of speleothems from Soreq Cave, Israel. δ18O–δ13C trends indicate that all speleothems older than 7000 yr formed under conditions that differ from those of today. The period from 25,000 to 17,000 yr B.P. was characterized by the highest δ18O and δ13C values, which indicate deposition at temperatures of 12°–16°C, annual rainfall of 300–450 mm, and vegetation typical of a mixed C3–C4type. From 17,000 to 10,000 yr B.P. (deglaciation in northern Europe) δ18O values dropped progressively, correlative with warming (2°–3°C) and a gradual increase in precipitation. A simultaneous decrease in δ13C gives a range expected for C3-type vegetation. This period also shows significant δ18O and δ13C “spikes” which are correlatable with global events (e.g., Heinrich events and the Younger Dryas Stade). The speleothems that grew between 10,000 and 7000 yr B.P. have a unique petrography showing irregular thin laminae of various colors and much detritus. They have the lowest δ18O (corresponding to ∼1000 mm rain) coupled with the highest δ13C (caused by flooding events which stripped the soil cover). From 7000 to 1000 yr B.P. conditions became closer to those of today. This study demonstrates that global events which were recognized in Northern Europe and North Africa are also evident in the eastern Mediterranean and are reflected principally by large changes in the rainfall rate.

Late Quaternary glaciations in the eastern Mediterranean

2015 ◽  
Vol 433 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akif Sarıkaya ◽  
Attila Çiner
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Quaternary Glaciations

Developing a multi-methods dating framework for the Eastern Mediterranean region over the Late Quaternary

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Christina Manning ◽  
Christopher Satow ◽  
Simon J Armitage ◽  
Simon Blockley
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Trace Element Geochemistry ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Element Geochemistry ◽  
The Mediterranean

<p>The Eastern Mediterranean is an important region for understanding the late Quaternary, as there is evidence for a complex pattern of climatic and environmental change, influenced by orbital forcing and complex feedback mechanisms (Rohling et al., 2013). It is also a key region for examining the dispersal of humans out of Africa. Consequently, it is important to develop robust chronologies for palaeoclimatic, environmental and archaeological records in the region, to allow synchronisation, comparison and hypothesis testing. Tephrochronology is a vital tool for correlating such records, but the fine detail of the Eastern Mediterranean tephra depositional history is not yet well defined. Part of the problem relates to a lack of cryptotephra (non-visible ash) studies on long stratigraphic records. It is well known from the Atlantic and Central Mediterranean that cryptotephra studies can significantly improve tephra inventories, and constrain the relationship between key tephra markers and important environmental transitions. Another key problem for the region is that for distal tephra there is a relatively limited geochemical database from different volcanic centres, especially in terms of trace element compositions. One important method for addressing this problem is to develop detailed tephrostratigraphic records and tephra geochemical inventories from long sediment sequences (e.g. Bourne et al., 2010; Satow et al., 2015).</p><p>Here we present the first marine crypto-tephrostratigraphy from the Levantine Sea, covering approximately the last ~200,000 years, from a long marine core (MD81-LC31). The new data for the core include tephra shard concentrations, major and trace element geochemistry, correlations to the eruptive record of the Aegean and Anatolian volcanic centres, and new radiometric age information. Our new data is compared to existing chronological information from LC-31, including sedimentological, geochemical, paleomagnetic and radiocarbon evidence. Our data helps to refine the chronology for this important record and will underpin ongoing studies into the detail of palaeoceanographic and environmental change in the region.</p><p> </p><p>Bourne, A.J., Lowe, J.J., Trincardi, F. et al. 2010. Distal tephra record for the last ca 105,000 years from core PRAD 1-2 in the central Adriatic Sea: implications for marine tephrostratigraphy. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(23-24), 3079-3094.</p><p>Rohling, E.J., Grant, K.M., Roberts, A.P. et al. 2013. Paleoclimate variability in the Mediterranean and Red Sea regions during the last 500,000 years: implications for hominin migrations. Current Anthropology, 54(S8), S183-S201.</p><p>Satow, C., Tomlinson, E.L., Grant, K.M. et al. 2015. A new contribution to the Late Quaternary tephrostratigraphy of the Mediterranean: Aegean Sea core LC21. Quaternary Science Reviews, 117, 96-112.</p>

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