Bracken, Ants and Extrafloral Nectaries. II. the Effect of Ants on the Insect Herbivores of Bracken

10.2307/4674 ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Heads ◽  
J. H. Lawton
Keyword(s):  
Extrafloral Nectaries ◽  
Insect Herbivores

scholarly journals Interaction between ants and plants bearing extrafloral nectaries in cerrado vegetation

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo S. Oliveira ◽  
Marcio R. Pie
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Extrafloral Nectaries ◽  
Insect Herbivores ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plant Foliage ◽  
Herbivore Species

Extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are nectar-secreting glands not directly involved with pollination which may occur on virtually all above-ground plant parts of angiosperms. Recent studies revealed that such glands are widely distributed amongst the woody flora of the Brazilian cerrados. Plants bearing EFNs are visited day and night by a diverse assemblage of nectarivorous ants. In this review we present the data gathered during the past 15 years on the interaction between ants and EFN-bearing plants in cerrado vegetation. Field experiments indicate that ants visiting EFNs may prey or attack insect herbivores on the plant foliage, significantly reducing herbivore damage to leaves, buds or flowers. As a response, some herbivore species have developed an array of mechanisms to circumvent the ants' deterring capacities on their host plants. Ant-derived benefits to plants, however, may vary with the species of visiting ant, with the defensive tactics of the associated herbivores, as well as with the plant species. We discuss the results obtained for different cerrado plant species, and suggest some promising topics for future experimental investigation.

Turnera fasciculifolia (Turneraceae, Passifloraceae s. l.): A New Species From the Jalapão Region, Tocantins, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-838
Author(s):  
Lamarck Rocha ◽  
Patrícia Luz Ribeiro ◽  
Maria Mercedes Arbo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Extrafloral Nectaries ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Axillary Branches ◽  
Revolute Margin ◽  
A New Species

Abstract—We present a new species, Turnera fasciculifolia, from the Jalapão region, the largest continuous protected area of Cerrado in Tocantins State, in central Brazil. The new species belongs to Turnera series Leiocarpae, and it can be recognized by the linear ericoid leaves with revolute margin, generally without extrafloral nectaries, and the basal leaves of the young axillary branches gathered in fascicles. We provide a description, illustrations, a distribution map, and a comparison with T. genistoides and T. revoluta, which also have ericoid leaves.

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