Ronsard's Reflections on Cosmogony and Nature

PMLA ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidore Silver
Keyword(s):  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
French Language ◽  
The Relationship

Ronsard's last considered observation on . the relationship between philosophy and lyric poetry in the preface to the Odes (1587) is implicitly a reaffirmation of Du Bellay's confidence in the philosophic capacities of the French language,1 though expressed in a less exuberant manner: “Tu dois sçavoir que toute sorte de Poesie a l'argument propre & convenable à son subject: ... la Lyrique, l'amour, le vin, les banquets dissolus, les danses, masques, chevaux victorieux, escrime, joustes & tournois, & peu souvent quelque argument de Philosophie” (i, 59). This retrospective program, if one may be forgiven the incongruity of the phrase, had been abundantly realized by Ronsard, in so far as “quelque argument de Philosophie” was concerned, and not only in his lyric poetry. For a moment, it is true, in a variant of 1578 of the ode Du retour de Maclou de la Haie (1550), the poet utters a gay disapproval of philosophers: “Les Philosophes je n'appreuve” (i, 208). But it is clear that Ronsard's intention is to celebrate the return of his friend with brimming cup, and the apparent condemnation of philosophers is nothing more than a warning to the enemies of good wine that their presence at the festivities would be superfluous. In the following edition, that of 1584, “Les Philosophes” became “Ces vieux Medecins.”

Investigating relationship between fluid and crystallised intelligence and vocabulary size in students learning French as a foreign language

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11912
Author(s):  
Seyyedeh Soudeh Mirsaeedghazi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
French Language ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Reasoning Test ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Correlation Result ◽  
Iranian Students ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, the relationship between fluid and crystallised intelligence and vocabulary size was investigated among Iranian students learning French as a foreign language. Studies emphasised on the importance of vocabulary size and language comprehension and tried to discover mental and intelligence factors related to this issue. To administer the present quantitative study, the Persian Adaptation of Baddeley’s (1968) Grammatical reasoning Test for Fluid Intelligence, Persian Test of Baghaei & Tabatabaee (2015) for Crystallised intelligence, and Nation’s (2012) Test of Vocabulary Size were instrumented. Population of the study was 100 intermediate learners of French language from three branches of Safir institute in Tehran. Data was analysed using SPSS and correlational tools to specify the variables correlation. Result showed that there is a significant relationship between crystallised intelligence and size of vocabulary (p<0.1), while there was no significant relationship between fluid intelligence and vocabulary size (p>0.5). It was concluded that fluid intelligence does not predict learners’ vocabulary size, but crystallised intelligence as grows gradually determines learners’ vocabulary size.

Focus on Text Messages: A Review of Studies in French

2015 ◽  
pp. 1037-1050
Author(s):  
Olga Volckaert-Legrier ◽  
Antonine Goumi ◽  
Alain Bert-Erboul ◽  
Josie Bernicot
Keyword(s):  
Text Message ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
French Language ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Linguistic Markers ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Language Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

The study of text messages has given rise to a number of French language research topics. First, databases of natural text messages have been created in multiple Francophone countries in an effort to link the texters' characteristics with the linguistic markers of the text messages. Many studies have focused on textisms (changes in spelling as compared to the traditional written code), creating repertoires of spelling processes and classifying them into typologies. With regard to linguistic aspects, a few studies have analyzed vocabulary and syntax. Sociolinguistic aspects have also been studied, taking into account the relationship among textisms, age, and gender. To address the question of whether text message writing is a threat to spelling, several studies have analyzed the link between text message writing and traditional writing. Finally, a number of studies have focused on the production processes of text message writing. Future studies will need to take into account the dialogical and conversational aspects of text messages.

From sound to syntax: phonological constraints on children's lexical categorization of new words

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 967-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANKA A. FITNEVA ◽  
MORTEN H. CHRISTIANSEN ◽  
PADRAIC MONAGHAN
Keyword(s):  
French Language ◽  
French Immersion ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
New Words ◽  
Phonological Knowledge ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
Computational Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTTwo studies examined the role of phonological cues in the lexical categorization of new words when children could also rely on learning by exclusion and whether the role of phonology depends on extensive experience with a language. Phonological cues were assessed via phonological typicality – an aggregate measure of the relationship between the phonology of a word and the phonology of words in the same lexical class. Experiment 1 showed that when monolingual English-speaking seven-year-olds could rely on learning by exclusion, phonological typicality only affected their initial inferences about the words. Consistent with recent computational analyses, phonological cues had stronger impact on the processing of verb-like than noun-like items. Experiment 2 revealed an impact of French on the performance of seven-year-olds in French immersion when tested in a French language environment. Thus, phonological knowledge may affect lexical categorization even in the absence of extensive experience.

Poe

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-69
Author(s):  
Lesley Ginsberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
Letter Writing ◽  
Antebellum America ◽  
Nineteenth Century United States ◽  
Public Cultures ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Performed Identities ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter approaches Poe’s life through his letters with reference to historical contexts that shaped letter writing in antebellum America, Poe’s interests in handwriting and “Autography,” the relationship between letter writing and antebellum authorship and celebrity, and shifts in Poe’s voice across multiple letters and recipients. In his letters, Poe performed identities ranging from the wronged son, the victim, the lover, and the literary genius. Poe’s epistolary “rhetoric of dread” may be linked to his lyric poetry. As scholars of letter writing in the nineteenth-century United States attest, letters were not “private documents.” Rather, they were “self-conscious” artifacts “circulating between friends and strangers.” Poe’s letters were written when the distinctions between privately circulated manuscripts and public cultures of print were destabilized. His letters to women are studied in this chapter as is the issue of poverty haunting his letters. Finally, Poe’s letters also document his desire for editorship of a magazine and his participation in the business of publishing in antebellum America.

scholarly journals L’harmonie de la musique et l’identité linguistique : l’a/r/tographie avec des futurs enseignants

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-725
Author(s):  
Gail Cormier
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
French Language ◽  
French Immersion ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Linguistic Identity ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Futurs Enseignants

By adopting an a/r/tography lens, this text will explore the relationship between music, linguistic identity and education. Through my experiences teaching high school French immersion classes and later my transition to teaching at the Faculty of Education, I will explore the risks and possibilities associated with this methodology. Bringing music into the classroom through a/r/tography can contribute to a heightened interest in the French language and a reinforcement of the francophone identity among students. My own identity journey shows the diversity of dynamic spaces in the field of education and presents the potential for positive exchanges within these spaces for the development of linguistic identity among future teachers and professors.

The Lyric Poem and Aestheticism

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Thain
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Thomas Hardy ◽  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
Ezra Pound ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alice Meynell

This book analyses the remaking of lyric poetry in Victorian modernity, challenging and transforming existing narratives of the modern formation of the ‘lyric’ genre through engagement with a body of work that larger-scale genre histories elide. As cultural and philosophical shifts were challenging the fundamental generic identity of ‘lyric’, aestheticist poets seemed to turn insistently to forms from the past. Yet might those antique forms be understood in relation to the pressures of modernity? How might they have been used to reimagine lyric‘s presence in the modern world? This book argues that aestheticist poetry (c. 1860 to 1914) responds profoundly to the crisis of lyric’s relevance to a rapidly modernizing age, not in spite of these forms but through them. Setting its focal poetry within broader conceptual frames, and featuring innovative analysis of both recently rediscovered and canonical works, this study asks us to reimagine the relationship between poetry and modernity. The book provides three fresh frames through which to do this, and includes case studies featuring A. C. Swinburne, D. G. Rossetti, Alice Meynell, Thomas Hardy, Arthur Symons, Ezra Pound, and a host of other Decadent and aestheticist voices.

scholarly journals Written in “Women’s Ink”: French Translation and Female Power in Carol Shields’s Unless

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Foster Stovel
Keyword(s):  
French Language ◽  
French Translation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
Street Corner ◽  
Gender And Power ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Female Power

Carol Shields’s last novel, Unless (2002), was a finalist for the Canada Reads contest for the best Canadian novel of the first decade of the 20th century. It would have been an ideal winner, not only because it is a brilliant novel, but also because it is distinctively Canadian in combining English and French. Protagonist-narrator Reta Winters, née Summers, daughter of a Francophone mother and Anglophone father, combines Canada’s official languages. Reta, like Shields, is bilingue and a translator and fiction writer. The opening segment of Unless focuses on the politics and poetics of her translations from French to English. She makes particular use of French: whenever Reta, or Shields, wants to emphasize a point, such as women’s powerlessness, she employs French translation.Shields employs three levels of translation in Unless. First, Reta’s literal translations of the texts of Danielle Westerman, French “feminist pioneer,” introduce the narrative. Second, Shields translates her breast cancer narrative into a novel about her daughter’s disappearance: Norah sits on a street corner with a sign reading “GOODNESS.” To discover her daughter, Reta embarks on an ethical quest. Third, Reta transfers her realization about women’s powerlessness, which she suspects instigated Norah’s disappearance, to her theory of fiction in this metafictional text. Finally, Reta's reflection on fiction is transformed into a feminist manifesto. Her awakening inspires a new understanding of the moral responsibility of fiction to reflect reality, especially the relationship between gender and power in this millennial novel. Reta practices “bean-counting,” noting the all-male lists of the world’s greatest thinkers and writers—“testicular hit-list[s] of literary big cats.” Reta writes six letters of protest, but doesn’t send them. If Reta is afraid to publish her views on inequality, Shields is not: she believes in “blurt[ing] bravely.”“Unless” is the pivotal concept of the novel, offering alternative narratives. Reta emphasizes the concept by noting, “Ironically, unless, the lever that finally shifts reality into a new perspective, cannot be expressed in French.”Unless women’s voices, including the silent voice of “a Muslim woman” who self-immolated on the street corner where Norah appeals for goodness, our society cannot become ethical.This essay explores Shields’s use of French language and translation to challenge the inextricable connection between gender and power in our society generally and literary culture particularly, to examine the ethics of egalitarianism regarding women and cultural “others,” and to explore the interrelationships between existence and fiction.

scholarly journals Ο ποιητής ως προφήτης και ως πιερότος στην ποίηση του Ρώμου Φιλύρα: Οι επιβιώσεις της ρομαντικής ιδεολογίας

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Σίμος Ζένιου
Keyword(s):  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
Heinrich Von Kleist ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
European Tradition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reflective Discourse

This article argues that Romos Philyras adopts the persona of the Pierrot in the work of Romos Philyras in order to critically appropriate the romantic topos of the poet as prophet. Whereas many symbolist and modernist poets have resource to the figure of the pierrot precisely in order to oppose and demystify high romanticist ideology, I demonstrate that Philyras conjoins the two personae —prophet and pierrot. Employing methodological insights from phenomenological approaches to lyric poetry and enriching them with emphasis on formal and prosodic features, I propose a reading of Philyras’s “Pierrot” (1922) that argues against an anthropomorphizing understanding of the relationship between lyric I and the puppet-pierrot. I highlight instead that for Philyras it is precisely the lack of self-consciousness and self-reflective discourse that is the shared ground between the two personae. Contextualizing my reading with pertinent texts from the European tradition (Heinrich von Kleist, Henri-Louis Bergson), I pursue the relationship between anti-humanism and poetic prophecy in Philyras’s prose work in order to throw in relief the forceful and violent character of the visionary experience.

Mind Your Hashtags

2016 ◽  
pp. 33-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Blattner ◽  
Amanda Dalola ◽  
Lara Lomicka
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
French Language ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
Language Classes ◽  
Social Media Service ◽  
Access Information ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores how French language learners in three different second and third year French courses (intermediate and advanced levels) understand and interpret hashtags using the popular microblogging tool Twitter. The present study highlights how this social media service may provide an authentic and dynamic platform that enhances the language learning experience, while developing students' multiliteracy skills in a second language (L2). Data from 18 students at a large southeastern university were examined via 579 analyzed tweets, 171 of which contained hashtags. In this project, we investigate the relationship between students' ability to access information in the hashtags and to understand the nature of the larger tweet in which it appears. The results of this study suggest that language learners have a tendency to glance over the hashtags and make guesses based on the information contained therein. The incorporation of cultural and linguistic elements linked to microbloggers' social tagging is an interesting and important aspect to add in foreign language classes. Learning about and understanding hashtags can promote the development of noticing cultural references, a skill that is indispensable for successful autonomous communication across national boundaries and for online communicative practices.

Sacred and Secular Love

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Literary Responses ◽  
Richard Rolle ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Love Of God ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores early modern literary responses to one of the most fundamental issues in the Christian faith—the love of God for humankind, and its reception and reciprocation by individuals and communities. Textual explorations of sacred love, closely interlinked with writings about secular love, are drawn from the full chronological span of the volume, ranging from Richard Rolle in 1506 to Damaris Masham in 1696. The works discussed are from a wide variety of genres, including lyric poetry, devotional prose, prayers, sermons, and autobiographical writings. The subject of love is seen to open up some of the major religious controversies of the period, including the nature of Christ’s redemptive love and its expression in the Eucharist; the possible tension between love for God and charity towards others; and the roles of gender, sacrifice, perplexity, and mystery in the relationship between God and humanity.

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