The Sources of Sir Launfal: Lanval and Graelent

PMLA ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Stokoe
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Middle English ◽  
Editorial Practice ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The metrical romance Sir Launfal, with its six Middle English versions and two French sources, is rich in material for an investigation of one phase of practical literary criticism in Mediaeval England. Each redactor of the story made certain changes, which when compared with the changes made by the others, and when classified and analyzed with them will not only yield information about the editorial practice of the redactors but will also reveal something of their theory of literary criticism. Such an investigation of the English versions of Sir Launfal, however, must be postponed until the relationships of these to their sources can be made clear. The views so far advanced regarding the relationship of Lanval and Graelent show that there is little agreement on, and hence no satisfactory clarification of, the point.

Hitherto Unprinted Manuscripts of the Middle English Ipotis

PMLA ◽  
1916 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-160
Author(s):  
Josephine D. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Middle English ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
English Poem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of the manuscripts of the Middle-English poem Ipotis has been studied in detail by Dr. Hugo Gruber on the basis of the nine mss. known to him. In addition to these there are five others, four of which are printed for the first time below. One of these, unfortunately a fragment, is of the greatest importance, since it carries back the date of the poem at least fifty years. On the basis of the earliest manuscript known to him—ms. Vernon, written about 1385—Gruber assigned the Ipotis to the second half of the fourteenth century. But in the light of the new evidence, the composition of the poem is pushed back to the very beginning of the century.

scholarly journals The specifics of interpretation of the history in the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine»

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
S. V. Sheyanova ◽  
◽  
N. M. Yusupova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: at present the reader’s audience is particularly interested in creative experiments in which the historical fate of the Russian peasantry in the «turning» eras is artistically comprehended. The article is devoted to the study of the problem-thematic range of modern Mordovian historical prose. The subject of analysis is the peculiarity of the reception of the period of collectivization and dekulakization in the story by Erzyan prose writer A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine». Objective: to reveal the features of the artistic reconstruction of the events of the 1930s, the modeling of the relationship between a man and society in the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine».Research materials: the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine». Results and novelty of the research: the historical story « A Wolf Ravine » for the first time becomes the object of scientific understanding and is introduced into the context of Finno-Ugric literary criticism. A. Doronin artistically interprets the real events and circumstances of the resettlement of dispossessed peasants of the Volga region to the uninhabited steppes of Kazakhstan. As a result of the study, we conclude that the actualization of this problem-thematic cluster is due to the creative concept of the historical writer; the individual author’s approach to the reconstruction of historical narrative can be traced in the writer’s desire to realistically reveal the relationship of personality and society in the tragic 1930s; to analyze intentions of people and of the psychological states of the characters. Problems of a sociopolitical nature, actualized in the story, are filled with philosophical, axiological content, and lead to a multi-faceted understanding of the «man and history» problem.

scholarly journals Existential and religious motifs in L.S. Vygotsky’s essay on “Hamlet” (1916)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
M.G. Chesnokova
Keyword(s):  
William Shakespeare ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Existential Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In this article existential and religious motifs in the works of young L.S. Vygotsky are considered. The specificity of the existential approach, characterized by blurring the limits of philosophy, science and art and the formation of a synthetic method of cognition of a human being, is emphasized. These features are found in the early works of Vygotsky. The analysis of his essay “The tragedy of Hamlet, prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare” (1916) is the focus of attention. The existential orientation distinguishes both the form and the content of Vygotsky’s work. The genre of the work is a combination of literary criticism and philosophical psychological research. In his essay Vygotsky touches on such existential topics as: the tragedy and loneliness of human existence, existential guilt as the guilt of birth, the issue of formation and self-fulfillment of a man, the relationship of knowledge and action, the dialectic of the external and the internal, the issue of the moduses of human existence — “sinful innocence”, ethical and religious existence, the issue of meaning of life. The parallel between Vygotsky’s existential views, developed in this essay, and the ideas of well-known representatives of the existential approach is drawn. From the existential issues of the play Vygotsky moves on to its inner meaning, which he defines as religious. The four main themes he reveals most fully: the issue of connection between the two worlds — the world of the dead and the world of the living, the issue of sin, punishment and redemption, the issue of darkness of divine Providence (meaning of life) and the issue of overcoming separateness and restoring the unity of the world. In the article the main provisions and principles of study of early Vygotsky and Vygotsky in the period of creation of cultural-historical theory are compared. A continuity between the ideas of Vygotsky’s early works and his latest project of dramatic psychology is observed.

scholarly journals Language of Poetry and Poetic Discourse (on the Problem of the Relationship of Concepts)

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (4–5) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Siqi Wang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
Poetic Discourse ◽  
Ethical Discourse ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Linguistics

The article examines the essential and logical-hierarchical relationships of such concepts as poetic discourse, poetic language, and the language of poetry. The relevance of the research is determined by fact that the understanding and interpretation of poetic discourse within the framework of the scientific theory is in a state of development, the methodology of literary criticism and linguistics is evolving, and many concepts are still confused. Opinions expressed by the researchers who have studied the essence of poetic language and language of poetry, as well as support the concept of poetic discourse, are analyzed. The main results of the study include the definition of concepts of ethical discourse, poetic language, and the language of poetry in close logical and epistemological relationship with each other. Based on the obtained results, the following conclusions are made. Firstly, the phenomenal essence of poetic language is described. Secondly, the mechanism of poetic discourse development is viewed as a result of two refractions (author’s and reader’s) of the language of poetry. At the same time, the language of poetry is presented as a locus (modus) of a worldview or a linguistic worldview. Thirdly, poetic discourse is considered as part of artistic discourse, which is not only emotional and aesthetic, but also cognitive and aesthetic content. The above-given conclusions are important for the theory of linguistics and literary criticism, because they contain the rationale for the statement that poetic discourse is a level of understanding and interpretation of the language of poetry as a mode of the linguistic reality. At the same time, poetic language is a skillfully applied technological side of a special kind of creative, heuristic activity.

scholarly journals Neutron Star Populations at the Millenium

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 573-578
Author(s):  
James Cordes
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Star ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Core Collapse ◽  
Radio Pulsars ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Careful Comparison ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractIdentified neutron star (NS) classes evidently are determined by several intertwined features: kinematics of NS at their formation (spin and translational); magnetic field strength; and binary membership. I discuss the well-known classes of isolated and accreting NS while keeping in mind recent discoveries of magnetars, anomalous X-ray pulsars, and long-period radio pulsars. I summarize the results of several likelihood analyses on radio pulsars, which yield information on the velocity distribution, luminosity function, and birth rate of high-field radio pulsars. I review the evidence for the occurrence of momentum kicks at the time of NS birth. Discerning the relationship of the classic radio pulsars to the more exotic classes probably requires careful comparison of magnetic fields, kinematics and birthrates, a program for the next millenium. Exciting discoveries of classic pulsars will also be made: sub-millisecond pulsars, massive binaries in fast orbits and truly hyper-velocity pulsars that shed light on core-collapse processes in supernovae.

scholarly journals Politica Prozei Fracturiste

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Mihnea Bâlici
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Literary Movement ◽  
Post Communism ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper is aiming to analyze the prose of the early 2000s’ young authors from an ideological and political point of view. Fracturism was a literary movement with anarchist and insurgent purposes, but the nature of their values was not clarified by the local literary criticism. This thesis suggests a redefinition of the anti-systemic attitude proposed by the Fracturists. Also, another objective is to clarify the relationship of Fracturist prose to the aesthetics’ domain. In this sense, inconsistencies can be observed between the anti-postmodernist obsession of “The Fracturist Manifesto” and the literary works themselves. Moreover, the subcultural themes as used by the young prose writers become a means of self-promotion in the Romanian literary field from post-Communism.

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