An Improved Antigen for Complement Fixation in American Trypanosomiasis

1943 ◽  
Vol 58 (20) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorland J. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation ◽  
American Trypanosomiasis

Complement-Fixation Tests for American Trypanosomiasis in Texas

1946 ◽  
Vol 61 (29) ◽  
pp. 1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorland J. Davis ◽  
Thelma de Shazo Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation ◽  
American Trypanosomiasis

Immune Electron Microscopy (IEM) of a Canine Adeno-Associated Virus

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
Gunter F. Thomas ◽  
M. David Hoggan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Immune Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Dog Kidney ◽  
Green Monkeys

In 1968, Sugimura and Yanagawa described a small 25 nm virus like particle in association with the Matsuda strain of infectious canine hepatitis virus (ICHV). Domoto and Yanagawa showed that this particle was dependent on ICHV for its replication in primary dog kidney cell cultures (PDK) and was resistant to heating at 70°C for 10 min, and concluded that it was a canine adeno-associated virus (CAAV). Later studies by Onuma and Yanagawa compared CAAV with the known human serotypes (AAV 1, 2, 3) and AAV-4, known to be associated with African Green Monkeys. Using the complement fixation (CF) test, they found that CAAV was serologically related to AAV-3 and had wide distribution in the dog population of Japan.

Evaluation of the Complement Fixation Test in Amebiasis

1952 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elwood Buchman ◽  
Harold J. Kullman ◽  
George F. Margonis
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Fixation Test

IMMUNOASSAY OF GONADOTROPHINS USING COMPLEMENT FIXATION

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (1_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S113-S133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Brody
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Standard Practice ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Technical Procedure ◽  
Methodological Problems

ABSTRACT This report is a summary of 10 years of experience with the complement fixation test as adopted for the immunoassay of HCG in serum. It is based on published as well as unpublished material. The discussion centers mainly around methodological problems, criteria of reliability, and clinical observations. It is our impression that the complement fixation test is a reasonably rapid and simple technical procedure. It is standard practice in every bacteriological and virological laboratory. The precision of the HCG assay is high. Its accuracy is good. The complement fixation assay, as reported here, fulfils the criteria of specificity. It has been evaluated by means of serological techniques and through comparison between biopotency and immunopotency of HCG in serum with reference to a common standard. Its application for routine as well as research work is illustrated.

CHEMISTRY OF GONADOTROPHINS IN RELATION TO THEIR ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (1_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S13-S30 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Butt
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Neuraminic Acid ◽  
Fixation Technique ◽  
Immunological Activity ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Structural Differences

ABSTRACT Several chemical differences between FSH, LH and HCG have been reported: thus LH and HCG are richer in proline than FSH and FSH and HCG contain more N-acetyl neuraminic acid than LH. Sub-units of LH are formed by treatment with urea, guanidine or acid. HCG also may contain two sub-units. The sub-units from LH are biologically inert but retain their immunological activity: biological activity is restored when the sub-units are incubated together. There is much evidence from chemical and enzymic reactions that antigenic groups are distinct from those parts of the molecule essential for biological activity. N-acetyl neuraminic acid and probably other carbohydrates in FSH and HCG are not involved in immunological activity but are necessary for biological activity. Histidine, methionine and possibly cysteine appear to be essential for biological but not immunological activity of FSH, while tryptophan and possibly tyrosine are not essential for either. A few highly specific antisera to gonadotrophins have been prepared in rabbits and guinea pigs to crude antigens: there is no evidence that purified antigens are more likely to produce specific antisera. Differences in the immunological reactivities of urinary compared with pituitary gonadotrophins have been observed both by radioimmunoassay and by the complement fixation technique. The latter may be particularly useful for detecting structural differences in the hormones.

Rapid detection of Chlamydia/Chlamydophila group in samples collected from swine herds with and without reproductive disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rypula ◽  
A. Kumala ◽  
P. Lis ◽  
K. Niemczuk ◽  
K. Płoneczka-Janeczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Swine Herds

Abstract The study was carried out in seven reproductive herds of pigs. In three of them reproductive disorders were observed. Three herds consisted of 10-50 and four consisted of 120-500 adult sows and they were called small and medium, respectively. Fifty-seven adult sows were randomly selected from herds. Serum samples were tested using the complement fixation test and swabs from both eyes and from the vaginal vestibule were examined using real-time PCR. All serum samples were negative. Infected sows were present in each of the study herds. In total, there were 28 positive samples (53%, 28/48) in real-time PCR in sows with reproductive disorders and 35 (53%, 35/66) in sows selected from herds without problems in reproduction. One isolate proved to be Chlamydophila pecorum, whereas all the remaining were Chamydia suis

Complement fixation reaction of Rift Valley fever virus

1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Minoru MATSUMOTO ◽  
Saburo IWASA ◽  
Motosige ENDO
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Fixation Reaction

Major Kinds of Drug Targets in Chagas Disease or American Trypanosomiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1203-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma G. Duschak
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Cysteine Proteinase ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
World Health ◽  
American Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Group I

American Trypanosomiasis, a parasitic infection commonly named Chagas disease, affects millions of people all over Latin American countries. Presently, the World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that the number of international infected individuals extends to 7 to 8 million, assuming that more than 10,000 deaths occur annually. The transmission of the etiologic agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, through people migrating to non-endemic world nations makes it an emergent disease. The best promising targets for trypanocidal drugs may be classified into three main groups: Group I includes the main molecular targets that are considered among specific enzymes involved in the essential processes for parasite survival, principally Cruzipain, the major antigenic parasite cysteine proteinase. Group II involves biological pathways and their key specific enzymes, such as Sterol biosynthesis pathway, among others, specific antioxidant defense mechanisms, and bioenergetics ones. Group III includes the atypical organelles /structures present in the parasite relevant clinical forms, which are absent or considerably different from those present in mammals and biological processes related to them. These can be considered potential targets to develop drugs with extra effectiveness and fewer secondary effects than the currently used therapeutics. An improved distinction between the host and the parasite targets will help fight against this neglected disease.

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