Percy's Essay “On the Ancient Metrical Romances”

PMLA ◽  
1934 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Leah Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
English Poetry ◽  
The Third ◽  
Medieval Romances ◽  
Important Landmark ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Function ◽  
King John

The essay “On the Ancient Metrical Romances,” introduced into the third volume of Percy's Reliques of Ancient English Poetry (1765), is an important landmark in the modern revival of interest in the medieval romances. Through the earlier part of the eighteenth century the infrequent comments on the romances had been incidental to something else (chivalry, for a conspicuous example) or had been concerned with theories, chiefly of origin, based on very little evidence. Of the romances themselves, little was known, but they were generally considered barbarous, uncultivated, and infantile. But in Percy's essay the subject is treated with some attempt at completeness, and includes not merely theories about their origin (though these are present) but a discussion of the romances themselves. Upon scrutiny, Percy's knowledge of the subject is found to be large, much larger than has been generally suspected, and toward the material he is seen to display a hesitating and diffident enthusiasm manifestly held in check by the disapproval of the current taste. A summary of his essay follows:The purpose of primitive poetry (according to Percy) was at first to record the valiant deeds and the genealogies of the race heroes; but as letters began to prevail, the bards gave over their historical function and devoted themselves to entertainment. From these songs of the Gothic bards are derived the romances of chivalry, which existed in their elements among the Teutonic peoples long before the days of the Crusades. Though romances first developed in France, the English had a native taste for this type of fiction, and there is reason to believe that they had romances of their own without French originals. These old romances throw light on the manners of the time and often have poetic merit. The publication of a judicious collection of them would thus be desirable. Our classical poets—Chaucer, Shakespeare, Spenser—abound in allusions that are understood only by a knowledge of romances. To illustrate these points Percy quotes a passage from Richard Cure de Lyon that explains an allusion in King John, and gives a detailed abstract of Libius Disconius, one of the romances found in his manuscript. A catalogue of such romances as he knows to be extant closes the essay.

Historical Fragments’ Mobile Echo

Transfers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Bell ◽  
Kathy Davis
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Opium War ◽  
The Subject

Translocation – Transformation is an ambitious contribution to the subject of mobility. Materially, it interlinks seemingly disparate objects into a surprisingly unified exhibition on mobile histories and heritages: twelve bronze zodiac heads, silk and bamboo creatures, worn life vests, pressed Pu-erh tea, thousands of broken antique teapot spouts, and an ancestral wooden temple from the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) used by a tea-trading family. Historically and politically, the exhibition engages Chinese stories from the third century BCE, empires in eighteenth-century Austria and China, the Second Opium War in the nineteenth century, the Chinese Cultural Revolution of the mid-twentieth century, and today’s global refugee crisis.

scholarly journals Architecture of Jesuit Churches in the Former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1564–1773

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-384
Author(s):  
Andrzej Betlej
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Homogeneous Element ◽  
The Third ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relative Decline

The article presents the history and accomplishments of Jesuit architecture in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the late sixteenth to the late eighteenth century. The author sees Jesuit architecture as a distinct and homogeneous element within Polish architecture. The paper starts with a brief presentation of the existing research in the subject. It moves on to enumerate the activities of the Society in the field of construction, divided into three major booms: the first roughly between 1575 and 1650, the second between 1670 and 1700, and the third from 1740 to 1770, divided by periods of relative decline caused by a succession of devastating wars. The paper identifies the most important architects involved in the construction of Jesuit churches, as well as their most notable works. The paper ends with a brief note concerning the fate of the Jesuit churches after the suppression of the Society and the partitions of Poland.

scholarly journals Obituary notices of fellows deceased

1918 ◽  
Vol 94 (664) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Home Life ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Typhus Fever

Sir Andrew Noble, who died at Ardkinglas, his Scottish home, on October 22, 1915, was born at Greenock on September 13, 1831. His father was George Noble, a retired naval captain, who lived in a house which at that time was called 65, Union Street, but was afterwards named “Springbank.” In earlier days the Nobles had been landowners in Dumbartonshire, but the property was sold at the end of the eighteenth century. It was bought back again in 1889 by the subject of this memoir, who, when he was made a baronet in 1902, was able to associate with his name the family estates of Ardmore and Ardardan. George Noble had twelve children, five sons and seven daughters. Andrew was the third son. The home life was one of strictness and discipline, for the father's ideas of education were very thorough. the rudiments of learning were instilled into the boys by various teachers in Greenock, beginning with Peter Murray, who grounded them in English grammar, and ending with the classes of Mr. Robert Buchanan, who taught them writing and mathematics. From his early years Andrew always did well in these local intellectual contests, and he became the possessor of several small silver medals, with the word Dux upon them, From Greenock he went on to the Academy at Edinburgh, and passed as a cadet into Woolwich in the spring of 1847. His father died of typhus fever in the autumn of the same year.

scholarly journals VI.—The Loss of King John's Baggage Train in the Wellstream in October, 1216

Archaeologia ◽  
1906 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-111
Author(s):  
W. H. St. John Hope
Keyword(s):  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Waves ◽  
King John

The subject of this paper has been suggested by a well-known story, to be found in one form or another in many a popular History of England, that the young King Henry the Third was crowned at Gloucester in 1216 with a golden circlet, because the crown of King John his father had been lost with all his other treasures in the waves of the Wash.

‘Mungo Here, Mungo There’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Nussbaum
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Chattel Slavery ◽  
Black Characters ◽  
Imperial Expansion ◽  
Important Landmark ◽  
The Subject

This chapter provides a definitive account of one of Dibdin’s best-known works, The Padlock, which has long been recognized as an important landmark in the representation of black characters in eighteenth-century theatre. The Padlock is most frequently associated with the librettist Isaac Bickerstaff, but this chapter redirects attention to the interaction of Bickerstaff’s words with Dibdin’s music, and to Dibdin’s celebrated performances as Mungo in one of the first comic plays to feature a major character in blackface on the British stage. Placing Mungo in the context of Dibdin’s numerous depictions of racial others (both Black and Oriental), the author argues that Dibdin’s racial performances reflect tensions surrounding slavery, social class, and imperial expansion, but remain stubbornly equivocal about these tensions as they turn captivity, servitude, and chattel slavery into the subject of comedy.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAGI SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN 187/IV KOTA JAMBI

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Juniar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Report ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Classroom Action Research

This study presents a research report on improving students’ Learning results on IPA through Video. The objective was to find out whether students’ learning result improved when they are taught by using Video. It was conducted using classroom action research method. The subject of the study was the Grade IV students of SDN 187/IV Kota Jambi which is located on Jln. Adi Sucipto RT 05 Kecamatan Jambi Selatan, and the number of the students were 21 persons. The instruments used were test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the on fisrt sycle was 65,4 (42,85%) and the mean on cycle two was 68,5 (37,15%) and the mean of the third cycle was 81,4 (100%). Then it can be concluded that the use of video on learning IPA can improve the students’ learning result. It is suggested that teachers should use video as one of the media to improve students’ learning result on IPA.Keywords : IPA, students’ learning result, video

Enhaching Primary Students’ Science Learning Outcome Utilizing Visual Multimedia

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Nurmi Nurmi ◽  
Hadi Putra ◽  
Penti Nursida ◽  
Khoiro Mahbubah ◽  
Neni Hermita
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Primary Students ◽  
Average Score ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Grade Students ◽  
The Subject ◽  
3Rd Grade

This study aims to improve 3rd grade students’ science learning outcomes bylearning to use visual multimedia. This research method uses classroom actionresearch. The subject of this research was the third grade students of secondsemester of elementary school which conducted 30 students. Based on theresults of research by using visual media, it have been found that theimprovement learning outcome, seen from the initial average score before theaction of 3rd grade class students from 65.5 to 83.83. The results of this studyindicate that with the use of visual media can improve student learningoutcomes.

Biographical Studies of G.I. Gurdjieff

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-35
Author(s):  
Joseph Azize
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject

The various published biographies and biographical notices of G.I. Gurdjieff (c.1865-1949) are of diverse style, quantity and content. While some have made considerable contributions to the subject, most attempts have reacted for or against Gurdjieff’s status as what might call an ‘Enlightened Master’. Little biographical writing on Gurdjieff has questioned the scope, reliability and prejudices of the sources. Further, possible resources have been neglected. The development in Gurdjieff’s ideas is often overlooked, his life is not sufficiently related to that development, and the lack of comparative research has failed to highlight Gurdjieff’s unique contributions. This article is structured in four parts. The first is an introduction, followed by an overview of existing biographical studies of Gurdjieff. The third part addresses bias in these studies, and this is followed by suggestions for future studies. It is concluded that fieldwork regarding the biography of Gurdjieff has been hampered by imperfect methodology. However, with better use of the source material, some of which has only recently been discovered, and a rigorous use of sources, a more balanced and nuanced picture of Gurdjieff’s life, and the development of his ideas and methods, should emerge.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH THINK PAIR SHARE

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hotria Manik ◽  
Elia Masa Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
The Third ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Writing Tests

This study attempts to improve students’ writing achievement in recount text through Think-Pair-Share Strategy. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of the research was class VIII-1 SMPN 1 Pematangsiantar. The number of the students was 32 students, consisted of 5 males and twenty seven females. The research was conducted in two cycles and consisted of six meetings. The instruments for collecting data were writing tests as the quantitative data and diary notes, observation sheet, interview sheet and questionnaire sheet as qualitative data. Based on the writing score, students’ scores kept improving in every test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the first test as a pre-test was 57.84, for the second test as a post test I was 73.56, for the third test as a post test II was 77.56. Based on diary notes, observation sheet and questionnaire sheet, it was found that students were actively involved in writing process. The result of the research showed that Think-Pair-Share Strategy can improve students’ achievement in writing recount text.   Keywords: Think Pair Share, Writing, Recount text, Action research

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