The Liturgical Basis of The Towneley Mysteries

PMLA ◽  
1909 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-469
Author(s):  
F. W. Cady

The Towneley Mysteries have two remarkable characteristics which have attracted the attention of scholars: they contain a number of plays borrowed directly from the York cycle and they also contain a number of other plays so conspicuous for their highly dramatic form that the cycle may be said to have reached in them the highest point in the dramatic development of the English Mystery. Various theories have been advanced to account for the presence of these two sets of plays in Towneley and especially for the relationship, and its extent, of Towneley and York. The two theories of greatest interest are those of Professor Davidson and Professor Hohlfeld. A third, advanced by Mr. Pollard, is practically the same as Professor Hohlfeld's, with one or two slight modifications, which hardly concern us here.

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Hudson

With a rich mix of theatrical material to bring to the table, the climate-change debate playing out in the public domain would seem well adapted to the stage, and has often been presented in docu-dramatic form, as in Al Gore's well-known film An Inconvenient Truth. But until relatively recently climate change and the science relating to it have been conspicuous by their absence from the stage. Early movers on the climate-change theatre scene included Caryl Churchill's 2006 climate-change libretto for the London Proms, We Turned on the Light, and John Godber's 2007 play Crown Prince. Since then, interest has steadily increased. In 2009 came Steve Waters's double bill The Contingency Plan (On the Beach and Resilience). This was quickly followed by Earthquakes in London by Mike Bartlett in 2010, and by three further plays in the spring of 2011: Greenland, the collaborative work of Moira Buffini, Matt Charman, Penelope Skinner, and Jack Thorne; The Heretic by Richard Bean; and Wastwater by Simon Stephens. In this article Julie Hudson focuses on three of these works to explore how the plays engage with the debate through the medium of climate-change science. As her article suggests, these British climate-change plays make an important and occasionally subversive contribution to the long-running discourse on the relationship between science, the ecosystem, and human beings. In performance, they succeed in turning a subject that has been overplayed for effect in the public domain into compelling theatre. Julie Hudson is currently a visiting fellow at the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, Oxford University.


Author(s):  
Margaret A. Simons

This introductory chapter presents the literary writings of Simone de Beauvoir (1908–86), the renowned French existentialist author of The Second Sex. Such insight into her own thought is often provided by Beauvoir's prefaces to works by other authors. For instance, Beauvoir's 1964 “Preface” to La Bâtarde has been described as more reflective of her philosophy than of author Violet Leduc's life. Beauvoir's confrontation with her critics is another source of drama in this study. A criticism that spans the decades of these texts is the charge that an existential novel, with its focus on action and philosophical questions, forsakes the aesthetic function of literature. Yet, for Beauvoir, the true mission of the writer is to describe in dramatic form the relationship of the individual to the world in which he stakes his freedom.


2020 ◽  
pp. 341-351
Author(s):  
Роман Сергеевич Соловьёв

В статье рассматривается проблема датировки диалога Платона «Евтифрон». Поскольку само понятие «ранний сократический диалог» оказывается сомнительным: ни с жанровой, ни с содержательной, ни с методической точки зрения диалоги, обычно включаемые в эту группу, не отличаются единством, постольку их авторство вызывает сомнение, отчего традиционная точка зрения нуждается в пересмотре. Показав в предыдущей статье, что «Протагор» относится к ранним диалогам Платона, тогда как «Евтифрон», вероятно, является поздним произведением платоновского корпуса, автор выделяет группу школьных диалогов в прямой драматической форме и показывает их взаимную близость. Приведя примеры зависимости «Миноса», «Алкивиада I» и «Критона» от поздних диалогов Платона, автор сосредотачивает внимание на нахождении параллелей «Евтифрона» и «Законов». Близость в рассмотрении спорных тем, прямые параллели определений благочестия в Евтифроне с «Законами», оценка роли благочестия и послушания государству в двух диалогах позволяют видеть в Евтифроне пример академического обсуждения определённой темы «Законов» - соотношения справедливости и благочестия. The article deals with the problem of dating Plato’s dialogue «Euthyphro». Since the very concept of «early Socratic dialogue» is questionable - neither in the genre, nor in content, nor in methodological terms, the dialogues usually included in this group cannot be considered a single corpus - insofar as their authorship is questionable, that is why the traditional approach needs to be revised. Having shown in a previous article that the «Protagoras» refers to Plato’s early dialogues, while the «Euthyphro» is probably the late dialogue of Corpus Platonicum, the author distinguishes the group of school dialogues in direct dramatic form and demonstrates their mutual closeness. After having shown the examples of the dependence of «Minos», «First Alcibiades» and «Crito» on Plato’s late dialogues, the author concentrates on finding parallels between the «Euthyphro» and the «Laws». The proximity in addressing controversial topics, direct parallels between the definitions of piety in the «Euthyphro» and the «Laws», and an assessment of the significance of piety and obedience to the state in the two dialogues lead to the conclusion that the «Euthyphro» is an example of the Academy’s discussion of a certain topic from the «Laws»: the relationship between justice and piety.


2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Peter J. Chelkowski

This collection of articles traces Taziyeh from its origins in Karbala in Iraq through its development as a serious dramatic form in Iran; its adaptation in Lebanon, India, and the Caribbean; and its debut on Western stages, culminating in a 2002 performance at Lincoln Center in New York City and a historic symposium at the Asia Society, where this issue got its start. Karbala and the relationship between Shiite and Sunnite Muslims, the origins of which are represented in the plays and rituals that commemorate the death of the Prophet Muhammad's grandson Hussein, have become major preoccupations of the Western media since the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in March 2003.An examination of Taziyeh reveals many of the historical, cultural, religious, and political paradigms that have made Karbala the touchstone for Shiite Muslims everywhere.


Author(s):  
Mariana Blanco

El presente trabajo propone una breve revisión del concepto de ‘teatro posdramático’, acuñado por el teórico y crítico alemán Hans-Thies Lehmann en su libro homónimo, con el objeto de reflexionar sobre la relación entre el texto y la escena en el panorama teatral contemporáneo y, puntualmente, en la última producción de la dramaturga británica Sarah Kane, 448 Psychosis (1999). El estudio de Lehmann dirige la atención  hacia el surgimiento de un nuevo discurso teatral multiforme y heterogéneo, característico del paso de la cultura textual a una cultura mediatizada, el cual ha promovido, en los últimos años, una ‘autonomización’ o ‘reteatralización’ del teatro, liberándolo de su sujeción al texto como soporte  y garantía del sentido. No obstante, el propio Lehmann advierte que esta reivindicación de la práctica escénica no supone que los textos escritos para el teatro ya no sean significativos, sino más bien que es preciso considerar en qué aspectos estos han renunciado a los principios constitutivos de la forma dramática, al cuestionar sustancialmente los modelos tradicionales de representación y comunicación. En este marco, procuraremos relevar algunas de las tendencias experimentales de la escritura teatral reciente a partir del análisis de 4.48 Psychosis, sin dejar de problematizar la presunta paradoja a la que nos enfrentamos en virtud de la singular importancia que adquiere en esta pieza el componente literario-textual.  This paper proposes a brief review of the concept of  'post-dramatic theater', coined by the German theorist Hans-Thies Lehmann in his eponymous book, in order to reflect on the relationship between the text and the scene in the contemporary theater and, specifically, in 4.48 Psychosis (1999), the last play of British playwright Sarah Kane. Lehmann’s study focuses its attention on the emergence of a multiform and heterogeneous theatrical discourse, as a sign of the historical shift out of a textual culture into a mediatized culture, which has promoted in recent years an 'autonomization' or 'retheatricalization' of  theater, freeing it of its subjection to the text as support and warranty of sense. However, Lehmann himself warns that this vindication of the performance dimension does not mean that the texts written for theater are no longer significant, but rather that it is necessary to consider in what ways they have given up the principles underlying the dramatic form, challenging traditional models of representation and communication. In this context, we will try to analyze some of the experimental trends of recent playwriting that might be observed in 4.48 Psychosis. At the same time, we will problematize the alleged paradox that arises from the singular importance of the text within this play.


1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.


Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Benjamin Badcock ◽  
Axel Constant ◽  
Maxwell James Désormeau Ramstead

Abstract Cognitive Gadgets offers a new, convincing perspective on the origins of our distinctive cognitive faculties, coupled with a clear, innovative research program. Although we broadly endorse Heyes’ ideas, we raise some concerns about her characterisation of evolutionary psychology and the relationship between biology and culture, before discussing the potential fruits of examining cognitive gadgets through the lens of active inference.


Author(s):  
Robert M. Glaeser

It is well known that a large flux of electrons must pass through a specimen in order to obtain a high resolution image while a smaller particle flux is satisfactory for a low resolution image. The minimum particle flux that is required depends upon the contrast in the image and the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio at which the data are considered acceptable. For a given S/N associated with statistical fluxtuations, the relationship between contrast and “counting statistics” is s131_eqn1, where C = contrast; r2 is the area of a picture element corresponding to the resolution, r; N is the number of electrons incident per unit area of the specimen; f is the fraction of electrons that contribute to formation of the image, relative to the total number of electrons incident upon the object.


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