On the Relation of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever to the Typhus Fever of Mexico. A Preliminary Note

1909 ◽  
Vol 24 (50) ◽  
pp. 1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Anderson ◽  
Joseph Goldberger
Keyword(s):  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
Typhus Fever

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF RICKETTSIAE

1943 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Plotz ◽  
Joseph E. Smadel ◽  
Thomas F. Anderson ◽  
Leslie A. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Endemic Typhus ◽  
Typhus Fever

The morphological structures of the rickettsiae of epidemic and endemic typhus fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and Q fever are similar to one another and to certain bacteria. The rickettsial organisms in common with the elementary bodies of vaccinia virus and all bacteria would appear to have a limiting membrane which surrounds a substance that seems to be protoplasmic in nature; numbers of dense granules are embedded in the inner protoplasm.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON TYPHUS FEVER

1931 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Zinsser ◽  
M. Ruiz Castaneda
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Active Immunization ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Typhus Fever

Guinea pigs can be immunized against Mexican typhus virus by peritoneal injections of formalinized Rickettsia material, provided sufficient amounts of the organisms are used. Our results in this respect are analogous to those of Spencer and Parker with carbolized virus of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The Rickettsia suspensions appear to possess considerable toxicity. We do not wish to be misunderstood as implying that the results in guinea pigs offer anything more than a demonstration of the principle of active immunization with killed Rickettsiae. Application to man will have to be worked out, and preliminary to this, we are now attempting to apply the methods to a limited number of monkeys.

scholarly journals LOCALIZATION OF ANTIGEN IN TISSUE CELLS

1950 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert H. Coons ◽  
John C. Snyder ◽  
F. Sargent Cheever ◽  
Edward S. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Infected Monkey ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Epidemic Typhus ◽  
Cotton Rats ◽  
Antigenic Material ◽  
Typhus Fever

Rickettsiae of epidemic typhus fever and Rocky Mountain spotted fever have been microscopically localized and identified in smears of exudates and tissue sections from infected cotton rats by means of homologous antibody labelled with fluorescein. Epidemic typhus has also been identified in smears from single infected human body lice. Mumps virus antigen has been microscopically localized in the parotid of the experimentally infected monkey by the same method. The antigenic material, probably active virus, was found in the cytoplasm of the acinar cells. Such infected acini were scattered irregularly throughout the gland. Some antigen could be seen in the lumens of the parotid ducts and small amounts were present in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells lining the ducts.

scholarly journals Serological Varieties of Typhus Fever

1931 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Felix ◽  
M. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antigenic Relationship ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Antigenic Variant ◽  
Serological Type ◽  
Endemic Typhus ◽  
Typhus Fever ◽  
Source Of Error

1. Fletcher and Lesslar's observations on two serological types of tropical typhus have been fully confirmed.2. The antigenic relationship between the indologenicB. proteusX 19 and the non-indologenic Kingsbury strain is of the same order as that obtaining between the X 19 and X 2 types ofB. proteusX.3. The Kingsbury strain is an antigenic variant derived from the original X 19 culture and represents another serological type ofB. proteusX. The symbol XK is suggested for this type.4. Sera from cases of classical European typhus and of endemic typhus of the United States of America and of Australia have been tested for the occurrence of main and group O agglutinins for the known types ofB. proteusX.5. H agglutination as source of error in the diagnosis of typhus cases is illustrated by some examples.6. Sera from cases of tsutsugamushi from Sumatra and Japan react with type XK like the Malayan cases of this disease described by Fletcher and co-workers.7. This latter reaction is of the order of group O agglutination. It is suggested that antigenically the virus of tsutsugamushi corresponds to another serological type ofB. proteusX which is yet unknown.8. The data published on the serum reactions in Rocky Mountain spotted fever and in the “fièvre exanthématique” of Marseilles are analysed. It is suggested that these two diseases represent further serological varieties of typhus.9. The significance hitherto attached to negative agglutination tests withB. proteusX and to negative cross-immunity tests obtained with some typhuslike diseases requires revision in the light of recent observations.

scholarly journals THE SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF RELAPSING FEVER

1944 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Antigenic Specificity ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Relapsing Fever ◽  
Antigenic Preparation ◽  
Typhus Fever

1. Spirochetes of relapsing fever have been separated from the blood of heavily infected mice and rats by hemolysing with saponin, followed by repeated washing of the spirochetal suspension with physiological saline. 2. Spirochetes obtained in this manner appear to have broad antigenic specificity. Antigens of this type fixed complement in the presence of serum obtained from man or animals infected with one or other of the recognized strains or "species" of relapsing fever spirochetes. Macroscopic agglutination of the antigens likewise was observed with sera from the same sources. 3. Positive serological reactions were not observed with convalescent sera obtained following infection with other diseases, for example, typhus fever, malaria, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Weil's disease, syphilis, and typhoid fever. Hyperimmune sera prepared against other pathogens also failed to react with the relapsing fever antigens. 4. No apparent change in the antigen occurred following storage in the ice box for as long as 4 months. 5. The results indicate that treatment of the spirochetes of relapsing fever with saponin yields a relatively stable antigenic preparation which may prove useful in the serological diagnosis of this disease.

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