Modelling Fluctuating Populations

10.2307/4474 ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003
Author(s):  
D. Cooke ◽  
R. M. Nisbet ◽  
W. S. C. Gurney
Keyword(s):  
Fluctuating Populations

scholarly journals Relationship of Effective to Census Size in Fluctuating Populations

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven T. Kalinowski ◽  
Robin S. Waples
Keyword(s):  
Census Size ◽  
Fluctuating Populations ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals EFFECTIVE SIZE OF FLUCTUATING POPULATIONS WITH TWO SEXES AND OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS

Evolution ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1873-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steinar Engen ◽  
Thor Harald Ringsby ◽  
Bernt-Erik Saether ◽  
Russell Lande ◽  
Henrik Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Effective Size ◽  
Fluctuating Populations

Modelling Fluctuating Populations.

Biometrics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 819
Author(s):  
J. R. Beddington ◽  
R. M. Nisbet ◽  
W. S. C. Gurney
Keyword(s):  
Fluctuating Populations

scholarly journals Signals and Spite in Fluctuating Populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Rory Smead ◽  
Patrick Forber
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fluctuating Populations

AbstractSpite (in the biological or evolutionary sense) is behavior that harms others at a cost to the actor. The presence of spite in human and animal populations presents an evolutionary puzzle. Recent work has suggested small populations and pre-play signaling can have a significant effect on the evolution of spite. Here, we use computational methods to explore these factors in fluctuating populations that may go extinct. We find that the presence of spite can make a population significantly more likely to go extinct, but that this does not preclude the possibility of spite reliably evolving. Additionally, we find that the stochastic effects of small fluctuating populations allow for the evolution and predominance of signal-mediated conditional spite across a wide range of conditions. These results suggest that directed harm, even if costly, can play a significant early role in the evolution of social behaviors and this provides a possible origin for punishment.

Erosion of Heterozygosity in Fluctuating Populations

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Vucetich ◽  
Thomas A. Waite
Keyword(s):  
Fluctuating Populations

scholarly journals Testing predator - prey theory by studying fluctuating populations of small mammals.

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Boutin
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Limit Cycles ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Predator Satiation ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Small Component ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fluctuating Populations

Fluctuating populations of small mammals provide an excellent opportunity to study the functional and numerical responses of predators because of the wide range in prey density that occurs. I reinterpret data from six studies that have examined the role of predation in the population dynamics of voles in California, southern Sweden and western Finland, of snowshoe hares in northern Canada, and of house mice and rabbits in Australia. Most studies have measured functional responses by relying on changes in diet as reflected by scat or stomach contents. These methods are probably biased toward showing predator satiation. Contrary to previous conclusions I find that there is little evidence for non-linear (Type 111) functional-response curves or predator satiation at high prey densities. Recent studies indicate that the functional and numerical responses of predators can be rapid and strong enough to initiate cyclic declines, dampen fluctuations, or even cause stable numbers. The exception to this appears to be the irruptions of mice and rabbits in Australia. I propose a general explanation for the role of predation whereby the effect of predation is largely dependent on the entire prey community. When potentially cyclic prey are a small component of the overall prey biomass, generalist predators are able to prevent fluctuations by strong functional or numerical responses. As the prey community becomes dominated by a few species that fluctuate, limit cycles predominate. Limit cycles turn into irruptive population dynamics when seasonal prey reproduction is eliminated because of extended periods of vegetation growth (vegetation flushes following drought). In the future we must test assumptions underlying the way we study predation by telemetric monitoring of prey mortality and by experimentally manipulating predation.

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