Monte Negro and the Urban Revolution in Oaxaca, Mexico

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Balkansky ◽  
Verónica Pérez Rodríguez ◽  
Stephen A. Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Centers ◽  
Regional Survey ◽  
Settlement Systems ◽  
Mixteca Alta ◽  
External Context ◽  
Monte Alban ◽  
Emerging Pattern

AbstractThis paper is about Monte Negro’s origins, and how this site fits the emerging pattern in studies of Oaxacan urbanization including the Zapotec capital at Monte Albán. Our settlement data from a multivalley regional survey in the Mixteca Alta including Monte Negro allows comparison with other urban centers that we have surveyed. Monte Negro’s origins are due to internal settlement shifts, but occurred in the external context of widespread militarism and multiple urban transitions. Examination of local, regional, and macroregional settlement systems through time reveals variation in urban trajectories that current models were not designed to explain.

Urbanism and Early State Formation in the Huamelulpan Valley of Southern Mexico

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Balkansky
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
State Level ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Urban Transition ◽  
Mixteca Alta ◽  
Monte Alban ◽  
Valley Of Oaxaca ◽  
The Impact

A long-running debate in archaeology is the analytical priority given to local vs. interregional-scale factors in the origins of complex societies. These alternate approaches have often pitted local-scale, environmentally determined models against the large-scale, sociopolitical demands of ancient cities and states. In the archaeology of Oaxaca, Mexico, these distinctions are apparent in efforts to model the impact of Monte Albán on the development of complexity outside the Valley of Oaxaca. Huamelulpan, located in the western Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca, was one of Mesoamerica's first urban centers. But despite several decades of intermittent work, the site had never been surveyed, and nearly nothing was known of the surrounding region. A systematic archaeological survey of Huamelulpan and its environs studied the urban transition from a regional perspective. Huamelulpan's urbanization was strongly correlated with the formation of a state-level polity. Interaction with Monte Albán occasioned these developments, albeit in ways more indirect than colonization or conquest. An approach to culture change is outlined that uses archaeological survey data to shift the scale of analysis between local, regional, and interregional levels to interpret the transition to city and state in Oaxaca's Huamelulpan Valley.

Typologizing regional urban settlement systems of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
P. L. Kirillov ◽  
Makhrova A.G.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Large City ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Urban Settlement ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Settlement Systems

The paper proposes typology of Russia regions by the key features of urban settlement networks. Applied typologizing method is designed for strategic spatial development and involves size-status parameters of central cities along with the intra-regional urban structure (the population of the regional centres and concentration of urban population at the intra-regional level) as principal criteria. At more specific level subtypes, these indicators are extended by two general characteristics of urban settlement – share of the urban population and urban network density. The approach formally allows to engage the settlement pattern morphology as a condition and factor that, directly or indirectly, differentiate regional development. By comparison of two main and two additional urban settlement parameters, 5 types (metropolitan urban systems (capital cities’ agglomerations), urban systems with 1+ million urban centers, systems with major urban centers, urban systems with large-city centers, undeveloped urban settlement systems) and 13 subtypes of regional urban settlement systems are set. The mostly wide-spread is the large-city type, covering a total of 35 regions. A brief description of the types and subtypes of regional urban settlement systems is provided, summarizing principal challenges and directions of strategic spatial development specified by regional features of urban settlement networks.

scholarly journals Deconstructing ‘The Sense of Place’? Settlement Systems, Field Survey, and the Historic Record: a Case-study from Central Greece

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 123-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bintliff ◽  
Oliver Dickinson ◽  
Phil Howard ◽  
Anthony Snodgrass
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Landscape Archaeology ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Regional Survey ◽  
Settlement Systems ◽  
Central Greece ◽  
New Information ◽  
Surface Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historic Record

After a generation of intensive regional surface survey in the Mediterranean lands, it is both necessary and enlightening to evaluate the ways in which this new approach has produced results which either support, or demand modifications to, or directly challenge, previous ideas on the evolution of human settlement systems in this macro-region. Given that many regional survey projects have only recently achieved final publication, or are in the final stages of so doing, the implications of these recent discoveries are only now becoming apparent or discussed. The present paper is one attempt to draw wider conclusions from a region of Central Greece – the province of Boeotia, where the author has been conducting intensive survey since 1979. Specifically it compares the state of knowledge regarding the settlement evolution of the region based upon an earlier topographic and extensive survey tradition (Tossey 1988), with the results now available from the author and colleagues' intensive survey in two districts of the province.A radical reinterpretation of the later prehistoric settlement systems is proposed with significant modifications also to the reconstruction of Classical and Hellenistic settlement networks. Closer agreement with prior knowledge is found with the new information for Roman and Late Roman settlement, whilst the further evolution of regional communities in medieval and post-medieval times – left out of Tossey's Gazetteer – can now be set out in some detail. The latter periods, as a result of highly informative historical sources, especially village tax registers, provide a cautionary tale in the complexities of matching archaeological settlement ‘continuities’ or ‘shifts’ with population and ethnic continuity. The overall analysis for the long-term settlement history of the province leads to the suggestion that similarities in settlement patterns have more to do with geography ‘constraining and enabling’ than with continuities of particular population or ethnic groups. This could seriously undermine the currently fashionable emphasis in Landscape Archaeology on the role of ‘memory’ and a ‘sense of place’ in the interpretation of past settlement networks.

External Context and Directed Forgetting

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Myers ◽  
Mitchell Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Directed Forgetting ◽  
External Context

The value, costs, and meaning of transnational migration in rural Oaxaca, Mexico

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey H. Cohen ◽  
Bernardo Rios ◽  
Lise Byars
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
The Social

Rural Oaxacan migrants are defined as quintessential transnational movers, people who access rich social networks as they move between rural hometowns in southern Mexico and the urban centers of southern California.  The social and cultural ties that characterize Oaxacan movers are critical to successful migrations, lead to jobs and create a sense of belonging and shared identity.  Nevertheless, migration has socio-cultural, economic and psychological costs.  To move the discussion away from a framework that emphasizes the positive transnational qualities of movement we focus on the costs of migration for Oaxacans from the state’s central valleys and Sierra regions.   

Socio-Economic Characteristics of Immigrants in Western Greece Region: Urban – Rural Continuum or Divide?

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Iosifides ◽  
Thanasis Kizos ◽  
Elektra Petracou ◽  
Ekaterini Malliotaki ◽  
Konstantina Katsimantou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Limited Role ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Western Greece

This paper aims at an investigation of factors of differentiation of basic social and economic characteristics of foreign immigrants in the Region of Western Greece. The paper explores whether the thesis of urban-rural divide is relevant for the differentiation of immigrants’ socio-economic characteristics in a typical Region of Greece, where there is a strong interplay between major urban centers and large rural areas. Findings show that spatial factors play a very limited role in the differentiation of socio-economic characteristics of immigrants and indicate that other factors are more important. Thus, and as regards socio-economic characteristics of immigrants, the overall picture is that of urban-rural continuum rather than divide. 

Relationship between availability of basic amenities and proportion of Slum population in Maharashtra

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343-1354
Author(s):  
Dr. Sakreen Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Class I ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Closed Drainage ◽  
The People ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Slum Population

The urban centers offering diverse employment opportunities and means of livelihood are the main centers of attraction for migration. But the availability of infrastructure is low to accommodate the invariably growing population. The access to basic amenities like electricity, drinking water, toilet facility, wastewater outlet and clean fuel are critical determinants of quality of urbanization. And if it lacks, then it would facilitates the growth of slum.  In this paper it being tried to capture the interdependent relationship between basic amenities and slum population residing in the class I towns in Maharashtra; largest slum populated state of India. As the slum is all about the situation or condition in which the people of medium and lower strata are living. A detailed analysis of proportion of slum population and availability of amenities which includes good housing condition, treated tap water as the source of drinking water, electricity as the source of lightning, households having latrine and bathing facility within the premises, waste water outlet connected to closed drainage, and households availing the banking facilities. This may be a limitation of the study that only these indicators have been taken to assess the availability of amenities and to calculate the amenity index of class I towns of the state of Maharashtra. To achieve the sustainable development goal (Sustainable cities and communities), we have to control the growth of slum population and to combat the formation of slum; we have to analyze the situation of basic infrastructure provided in urban centers. Amenities and slum population has policy implications as to reduce the slum population, provide basic amenities to the households which will improve their standard of living and ultimately lead to reduction in growth of slum and check the future slum formation.

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