Foraging-Niche Dynamics of Gadwalls and American Coots in Winter

The Auk ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Keith McKnight ◽  
Gary R. Hepp
Keyword(s):  
Niche Dynamics ◽  
Foraging Niche

Inter-colony foraging dynamics and breeding success relate to prey availability in a pursuit-diving seabird

2020 ◽  
Vol 651 ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
J Gulka ◽  
E Jenkins ◽  
LD Maynard ◽  
WA Montevecchi ◽  
PM Regular ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Niche Dynamics ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Foraging Niche ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Foraging Distances ◽  
Adult Diet

Spatial patterns of breeding seabirds are influenced by the distribution of resources in relation to the colony and the density of conspecifics from the same or adjacent colonies. We conducted an inter-colony comparison of foraging space use and behavior, diet, and reproductive success of common murres Uria aalge breeding at a large offshore and a small inshore colony on the northeastern coast of Newfoundland (Canada) during 2016-2018 under varying prey (capelin Mallotus villosus) biomass. Murres from the large offshore colony foraged over a greater area, with greater individual foraging distances, indicative of higher commuting costs compared to the smaller inshore colony. Although this pattern might reflect prey depletion near the offshore colony due to higher conspecific densities, it likely also reflects the greater distance to predictable, high-abundance prey aggregations. This is supported by high spatial overlap of foraging areas from both colonies near coastal, annually persistent capelin spawning sites. Adult diet was similar between colonies during incubation, but diverged during chick-rearing, with offshore murres consuming a higher proportion of alternative prey, while inshore murres consumed more capelin. These differences did not affect fledging success, although hatching success was lower in the larger colony, suggesting that divergent factors (e.g. predation, nest attendance) influence colony-specific population dynamics. Overall, our findings suggest that abundant local prey is key in shaping spatial patterns of breeding common murres in northeastern Newfoundland and results in apparently minimal intraspecific competition. As anthropogenic pressures on resource availability heighten, insight into factors influencing intraspecific foraging niche dynamics will be critical to inform management.

scholarly journals An ecological niche shift for Neanderthal populations in Western Europe 70,000 years ago

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Banks ◽  
Marie-Hélène Moncel ◽  
Jean-Paul Raynal ◽  
Marlon E. Cobos ◽  
Daniel Romero-Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Middle Paleolithic ◽  
Niche Dynamics ◽  
Anatomically Modern Humans

AbstractMiddle Paleolithic Neanderthal populations occupied Eurasia for at least 250,000 years prior to the arrival of anatomically modern humans. While a considerable body of archaeological research has focused on Neanderthal material culture and subsistence strategies, little attention has been paid to the relationship between regionally specific cultural trajectories and their associated existing fundamental ecological niches, nor to how the latter varied across periods of climatic variability. We examine the Middle Paleolithic archaeological record of a naturally constrained region of Western Europe between 82,000 and 60,000 years ago using ecological niche modeling methods. Evaluations of ecological niche estimations, in both geographic and environmental dimensions, indicate that 70,000 years ago the range of suitable habitats exploited by these Neanderthal populations contracted and shifted. These ecological niche dynamics are the result of groups continuing to occupy habitual territories that were characterized by new environmental conditions during Marine Isotope Stage 4. The development of original cultural adaptations permitted this territorial stability.

scholarly journals Computational modelling of perivascular-niche dynamics for the optimization of treatment schedules for glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-359
Author(s):  
Amanda Randles ◽  
Hans-Georg Wirsching ◽  
Jamie A. Dean ◽  
Yu-Kang Cheng ◽  
Samuel Emerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Perivascular Niche ◽  
Niche Dynamics

Effects of herbivore species richness on the niche dynamics and distribution of blue sheep in the Trans-Himalaya

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 940-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsewang Namgail ◽  
Charudutt Mishra ◽  
Christine B. de Jong ◽  
Sipke E. van Wieren ◽  
Herbert H. T. Prins
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Blue Sheep ◽  
Niche Dynamics ◽  
Herbivore Species

scholarly journals Niche Dynamics of Deer Mice in a Fragmented, Old-Growth-Forest Landscape

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Songer ◽  
M. V. Lomolino ◽  
D. R. Perault
Keyword(s):  
Deer Mice ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Niche Dynamics

scholarly journals First results on the feeding ecology of the Transcaucasian water shrew Neomys teres (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Armenia

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (12) ◽  
pp. 1853-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Churchfield ◽  
Leszek Rychlik ◽  
Eduard Yavrouyan ◽  
Kris Turlejski
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Composition ◽  
Mountainous Region ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Species Of Conservation Concern ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
First Results ◽  
Foraging Niche ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Neomys Fodiens

Microscopic examination of alimentary tracts of 14 Neomys teres Miller, 1908 from a mountainous region in northern Armenia produced the first data on the diet of this almost unknown species of conservation concern. Twenty-three different prey types were distinguished in summer-caught shrews, all of which were invertebrates (14 terrestrial and 9 aquatic in origin). The dominant dietary items were Coleoptera and Diptera adults, Araneae, Opiliones, and Lumbricidae, as well as freshwater crustaceans and Trichoptera larvae. Prey ranged from <3 to >16 mm in length, but those eaten most frequently were 6–10 mm in length. Although N. teres was captured beside streams and rivers, aquatic prey comprised only 27% of the dietary composition. Despite the morphological similarity of N. teres to Neomys fodiens (Pennant, 1771), its foraging niche more closely resembles that of upland populations of Neomys anomalus Cabrera, 1907 and its reliance on aquatic habitats remains equivocal.

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