A String-Pulling Tufted Titmouse

The Auk ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Dickinson,
Keyword(s):  
String Pulling ◽  
Tufted Titmouse

String-Pulling Behavior in a Captive Harris Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree I. Sharpe ◽  
Erin N. Colbert-White ◽  
E. Monteen McCord
Keyword(s):  
String Pulling ◽  
Parabuteo Unicinctus

Cooperative string-pulling in wolves

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Möslinger ◽  
Kurt Kotrschal ◽  
Ludwig Huber ◽  
Friederike Range ◽  
Zsófia Virányi
Keyword(s):  
String Pulling

Problem-solving performance in wild Steller’s jays using a string-pulling task

Behaviour ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Derek P. Harvey ◽  
Jeffrey M. Black
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Species Problem ◽  
String Pulling ◽  
Free Ranging

Abstract Animals that exploit resources from human-modified environments may encounter unique problems when searching for food. Pulling a string tied to a food reward (string-pulling task) is one of the most widespread methods of testing a species’ problem-solving performance in non-human animals. Performance in problem-solving tasks may be influenced by an individual’s characteristics and social interactions, especially in its natural habitat. We examined problem solving by free-ranging Steller’s jays (Cyanocitta stelleri) when extracting food from a string-pulling task presented in their natural habitat. During the study, seven of 50 jays successfully solved the task on their first to eighteenth experimental opportunity; solvers differed from nonsolvers by showing higher levels of persistence by pulling the string in more trials. Of the successful jays, five birds solved without observing others, while two birds were present during successful trials and subsequently completed the task. All seven jays demonstrated improvement in the task by using less string pulls over additional successful trials. Nineteen other jays in the population interacted with the apparatus and pulled the string, but not enough to acquire the food. These 19 jays were significantly bolder (shorter latencies to approach), more explorative (contacted more parts of the apparatus), and had observed solvers more than the 24 individuals that did not pull the string. These results indicate a broad spectrum of individual differences in propensity for solving novel tasks in our population of Steller’s jays.

A Helper at a Tufted Titmouse Nest

The Auk ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-767
Author(s):  
Melinda F. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Tufted Titmouse

Problem solving capabilities of peach-fronted conures (Eupsittula aurea) studied with the string-pulling test

Behaviour ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (5-8) ◽  
pp. 815-846
Author(s):  
Sara Torres Ortiz ◽  
Alyssa Maxwell ◽  
Anastasia Krasheninnikova ◽  
Magnus Wahlberg ◽  
Ole Næsbye Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
String Pulling ◽  
Goal Directedness

Abstract The problem-solving capabilities of four small parrots (peach-fronted conures, Eupsittula aurea) were investigated using string-pulling tests. In seven different tasks, one string was baited following a randomized order. The parrots could retrieve the food reward after a wrong choice as the choice was not forced. Additionally, we applied a non-intuitive pulley task with the strings arranged in front of, instead of below the birds. All four parrots performed very well in the multiple, slanted, and broken string tasks, but all failed in the crossed-string task. Only two parrots solved the single pulley task. All four parrots performed successfully in the multiple pulley task but all failed in the broken pulley condition. Our results suggest that peach-fronted conures solve string-pulling tasks without relying on simple proximity based rules, but that they have evolved cognitive abilities enabling goal-directedness, the understanding of functionality, and a concept of connectedness between two objects.

String-Pulling Behavior of the Cat

1934 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Trueblood ◽  
K. U. Smith
Keyword(s):  
String Pulling
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