The Rôle of the Division of Higher Education of the United States Office of Education

1947 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
John Dale Russell
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States

Assessment in American Higher Education: The Role of Admissions Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 683 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Zwick
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Performance ◽  
Admissions Tests ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Test Optional ◽  
The Impact

In this article, I review the role of college admissions tests in the United States and consider the fairness issues surrounding their use. The two main tests are the SAT, first administered in 1926, and the ACT, first given in 1959. Scores on these tests have been shown to contribute to the prediction of college performance, but their role in the admissions process varies widely across colleges. Although test scores are consistently listed as one of the most important admissions factors in national surveys of postsecondary institutions, an increasing number of schools have adopted “test-optional” policies. At these institutions, test score requirements are seen as a barrier to campus diversity because of the large performance gaps among ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Fortunately, the decentralized higher education system in the United States can accommodate a wide range of admissions policies. It is essential, however, that the impact of admissions policy changes be studied and that the resource implications of these changes be thoroughly considered.

scholarly journals Identity Crisis: The Agency of Instagram in Schools of Architecture

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Smith ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Prospective Student ◽  
Representational Practice ◽  
Contemporary Architecture

The focus of this paper addresses themes of neoliberalism, university commercialization and marketing, architecture school identity formation as a representational practice through social media, and the role of image curation and its production in contemporary architecture. This paper emerged after hearing the phrase ‘buyer’s motive,’ which explained what schools needed to consider for attracting students to their programs at a conference by Ruffalo Noel Levtiz on recruitment, marketing, and retention in higher education in the United States. The use of the word, ‘buyer’, instead of ‘student’, or ‘prospective student’, or ‘learner’ seemingly transformed the production of engaged education to its passive consumption.

Distance Education and the Role of the State: A Sweden/USA Perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Hansson ◽  
Paul Mihailidis ◽  
Carl Holmberg
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
Federal Policy ◽  
National Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State And Local

This study aims to comparatively explore the role of the state (federal policy) in distance-education initiatives in the higher education communities of Sweden and the United States. In a globalized context, education institutes now have the capabilities to provide education and educational resources more efficiently and to a wide-ranging and diverse audience. Within the education sector and distance education, the role of the state and federal policy becomes increasingly important, in terms of how distance-education platforms are developed and implemented in institutions of higher education. The first section of this article provides an overview of the United States and Sweden's current higher education and distance-education landscapes, focusing on the role of the state and federal policy with respect to the funding and overall aims of distance education. The development of distance education in Sweden is highly related to political goals and policies, the top down/domestic/‘inside’ approach. The governing body dictates the funding and policy for distance education, and implementation is left to the university body. In the United States, the landscape differs in that no one federal institution provides direct funding or unified guidelines for developing distance education, but universities are left to their own devices and capabilities for implementation. In Sweden, high ambitions and goals are set at the national level, but the educational organizations are changing only slowly. The pressures on the education organizations are high because of steadily decreasing funding and fewer and fewer staff in relation to students. In the United States, education functions primarily as a state and local responsibility. In conclusion, the article aims to exploit the differences between the two countries' role of the state (federal policy) in distance-education policy, and present a middle ground which would be most balanced for distance education, entailing some federal supervision with the allowance for a certain level of autonomy in regards to development, implementation, funding and longevity.

Tuning the discipline of history in the United States: Harmony (and dissonance) in teaching and learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-357
Author(s):  
Daniel J McInerney
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Union Commitment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Educational Structures ◽  
Coherent Frame ◽  
Pro Forma

Tuning's progress in the discipline of history in the United States since 2009 illustrates the project's continuing capacity to develop “educational structures and programmes on the basis of diversity and autonomy”, maintaining the initiative's original European Union commitment in a markedly different academic environment across the Atlantic. Struggling initially against a backdrop of confusion, hesitancy, and resistance among US faculty, Tuning has been adopted by a steadily expanding number of educators in individual institutions, state systems, and the history discipline's premier professional society. Though operating, at times, in an uneven, imprecise, or pro forma manner, Tuning in the US manages to address several important goals: bringing a more coherent frame of reference to scattered conversations about higher education; framing a more meaningful discussion about the knowledge, skills, and non-monetized “value” developed through higher education; focusing on the central role of faculty discipline experts in the work of assessment, accreditation, and accountability; and engaging professional scholarly societies on questions of teaching and learning.

scholarly journals Trustworthiness in Higher Education: The Role of Professor Benevolence and Competence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Silvia Di Battista ◽  
Heather J. Smith ◽  
Chiara Berti ◽  
Monica Pivetti
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Educational Success ◽  
Online Experiment ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
University Engagement

Trust is a fundamental element of educational success. However, compared to what we know about teachers’ perceptions of trust, relatively less is known about students’ perceptions of trust. This paper describes two experimental investigations that tested the effects of authority competence and benevolence on students’ perceptions of trust and their engagement. The investigations also explored whether university identification moderated the influence of authority competence and benevolence on assessments of authority trustworthiness and university engagement. As part of an online experiment administered in the Fall 2010 and the Spring 2011 academic terms, Italian (n = 211; Study 1) and U.S. (n = 226; Study 2) undergraduates were primed to identity or not identify with their university before they read one of four scenarios describing a professor’s behavior (i.e., competent and benevolent; competent but uncaring; incompetent but benevolent; incompetent and uncaring). Results showed that students from both Italy and the United States viewed a competent and caring professor as most trustworthy and an incompetent and uncaring professor as least trustworthy. Furthermore, in both countries, students trusted an incompetent and caring professor more compared to a competent and uncaring professor. University identification did not influence trustworthiness.

The Uses of the University: After Fifty Years

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-479
Author(s):  
Michael A. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Research University ◽  
The United States ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Clark Kerr ◽  
To Come ◽  
The University

It is now almost a half century since Clark Kerr (1911–2003) delivered the 1963 Edwin L. Godkin Lectures at Harvard University, presenting what was ultimately recognized as one of the most significant and influential ruminations on the nature of higher education in the United States. This sustained reflection on the modern evolution of the research university, ultimately published by Harvard University Press as The Uses of the University (1963), framed discussion and debate regarding the role of what Kerr called “the multiversity” for decades to come. In this endeavor, there was no one at the time better suited to the task. An economist who had served for several years on the faculty at the University of Washington, Seattle, Kerr joined the University of California, Berkeley, in 1945. Appointed Berkeley's first chancellor in 1952, he was the mastermind behind the enormous expansion (in both capacity and excellence) that marked the campus's immediate postwar history. By 1958, as the then legendary Robert Gordon Sproul concluded his 28-year duty as University of California (UC) president, Kerr seemed the obvious and best choice as successor.

scholarly journals Unpacking Attrition: A Change of Emphasis

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
June Corman ◽  
Lynn Barr ◽  
Tullio Caputo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equality Of Opportunity ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
The University

In this paper, we critique the conceptual, methodological and ideological issues involved in the university attrition debate in both Canada and the United States and discuss the salient policy implications of attrition research for higher education in Canada. We argue that American attrition research tends to result in policy recommendations aimed at those students who have already demonstrated their ability to succeed academically without assistance. A change of emphasis that places the question of attrition in the context of the role of higher education in society, particularly in relation to the issue of equality of opportunity, is suggested.

Structural, Technical, and Definitional Issues: The Case of Geography, “GIS,” and K-12 Classrooms in the United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay D. Gatrell
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Standards ◽  
K 12

This article examines the structural, technical, and definitional issues associated with linking specific technologies to K-12 content standards. It examines the case of the “Geography for Life” K-12 standards and the proliferation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to understand the wider implications of integrating the implementation of content standards with the introduction of highly specialized information systems. The article proposes geographic educators re-conceptualize “GIS” to engage the themes of contemporary geography, maximize the role of existing IT infrastructures, and facilitate standard implementation. While this article examines the case of geography, it demonstrates the need to assess the role, if any, for information technologies in the development and implementation of K-12 content standards in the classroom. Finally, the article examines the conceptual and practical importance of positioning information technologies within the context of both higher education and the K-12 classroom and acknowledging the inevitable tension that exists between these two distinct communities.

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