The Military Structure of the Old Commonwealth

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Richard A. Preston
Keyword(s):  
Military Structure ◽  
The Military

scholarly journals Fuller’s theory of war and the changes in the concepts of warfare in the second half of XX century: The rise of "creative" war

Sociologija ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-148
Author(s):  
Nada Sekulic
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary World ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Economic Elites ◽  
Theory Of War ◽  
Military Politics ◽  
Civil Sector ◽  
Global World ◽  
Scholarly Discourse ◽  
Military Structure ◽  
The Military

Current scientific and scholarly discourse on war, which represents the legitimate knowledge and theory on war today, has been narrowed to the topics and issues related to war doctrine and technology of war. It has become reserved for the privileged ?green collars?, highly skilled professionals and officers inside the military structure, which act in cooperation with the political and economic elites, forming the triumvirate of power in contemporary world. The opportunities for civil critique of military politics and strategies of wars have been decreased enormously, in spite of the fact that contemporary wars have spread deeply into the civil sector of society. By looking into the social context and political background of the knowledge reserved for the military experts, we can develop insights into the process of the ideological framing of wars today, marked by naturalization and purposeful interpretations of wars, as if they are fought in the name of democratization of global world. At the same time, the image of the importance of human factor in war has been decreased, as much as responsibility for causalities. Citizens have been pacified for the silent acceptance of military politics promoted in their countries.

“Unidade cívico-militar” como fundamento da doutrina de defesa nacional bolivariana | “Civil-military Integration” as the foundation of the bolivarian nacional defence doctrine

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-215
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique De Moraes Cicero
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Bolivarian Revolution ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Asymmetric Warfare ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
Military Structure ◽  
The Military

O artigo compila a trajetória institucional empreendida pela Revolução Bolivariana com vistas a adensar as relações cívico-militares no país, ou seja, a incorporar a civis em atividades até então restritas ao corpo militar nacional. Este projeto ancora-se em construções teóricas relacionadas aos conceitos de “guerra assimétrica” e de “pueblo en armas”. O texto conclui que, mesmo representando uma interessante e inovadora estratégia de ampliação do escopo da defesa nacional, em especial no que concerne à utilização do aparelho militar como apoio para conferir maior escala e eficiência na implementação de programas sociais, a crescente inclusão de civis em atividades eminentemente militares resulta numa potencialmente problemática transferência de responsabilidades no âmbito das estruturas de poder do Estado.ABSTRACTThe article compiles the institutional trajectory taken by the Bolivarian Revolution in order to enhance the civil-military relations in the country, i.e., to incorporate civilians in activities previously restricted to the national military structure. This project is anchored in theoretical constructs related to the ideas of “asymmetric warfare” and “pueblo en armas.” The paper concludes that, despite the fact that the initiative represents an interesting and innovative strategy of expansion of the scope of national defense, especially regarding the use of the military as a support to enhance the scale and efficiency in the implementation of social programs, the increasing inclusion of civilians in activities that are eminently military results in a potentially problematic transfer of responsibilities within the state power structures.Palavras-chave: Unidade cívico-militar – Guerra assimétrica – VenezuelaKeywords: Civil-military Integration - Asymmetric warfare – Venezuela DOI: 10.12957/rmi.2015.22162 Recebido em 24 de março de 2016 / Received March 24, 2016.Aceito em 20 de junho de 2016 / Accepted June 20, 2016  

The Sumerian expression igi-kar2 revisited

Iraq ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 131-145
Author(s):  
Magnus Widell
Keyword(s):  
Short Article ◽  
Ur Iii ◽  
Old Babylonian ◽  
Military Structure ◽  
The Military ◽  
Compound Verb

In 1968, the Chicago Assyrian Dictionary translated the Old Babylonian term aširtu, which in the OB period corresponded to the Sumerian expression igi-kar2, as “an offering of a pious gift to the gods”. In texts from the preceding Ur III period, however, the expression igi-kar2 has usually been associated with the expression gurum2 (written IGI.GAR) and translated “inspection”. In 1982, Piotr Steinkeller demonstrated, in a short article published in ASJ, that igi-kar2 and gurum2 refer to two separate words. He showed that the compound verb igi…kar2 denoted “to examine” in both the Ur III and Old Babylonian periods. For the compound noun igi-kar2 in the Ur III period, Steinkeller referred to the Umma text TJAMC IES 126, where the expression appears together with the institution an-za3-gar3, which — in accordance with its Akkadian equivalence dimtum — has been understood as “some type of fortified building”. This connection led Steinkeller to propose the meaning “provisions, supplies” for igi-kar2 in the Ur III period, seemingly more appropriate for a delivery to the military structure of an-za(3)-gar3.

scholarly journals The Operational Environment Influence on the Development Level of Military Structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Constantin Grigoraş
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Political Decision Maker ◽  
The People ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
Military Structure ◽  
The Military

Abstract The war has not disappeared and will never disappear. It is constantly changing, in perfect correlation with those who created it, the people organized into social structures. It changes according to the changes in the operational environment, influenced, in turn, by the technical-scientific discoveries. All these changes impose a new philosophy of warfare in which the methods of creating and using forces acquire new valences generated by the diversity and the possibilities of access to the new technologies. Knowing the way in which indirect (having the potential) factors influence the fighting capacity of a military structure is just as useful for predicting the outcome of the operation/battle/war. Knowing this assessment, the military decision makers will be able to submit variants and solutions to the political decision maker, who will choose the one that he will appreciate as being the most appropriate.

Generating Reforms and Reforming Generations: Military Politics in Indonesia's Democratic Transition and Consolidation

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Chandra ◽  
Douglas Kammen
Keyword(s):  
Political Behavior ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
The Political ◽  
Officer Corps ◽  
Military Academy ◽  
Military Politics ◽  
Military Structure ◽  
The Military ◽  
Compare And Contrast

This article examines the importance of the internal structural dynamics of the military in the analysis of transitions from nondemocratic rule and in democratic consolidation. The authors argues that factors endogenous to the military—including variations in the size of the officer corps, solidarity among graduating classes from the military academy, and promotional prospects—are important determinants of the political behavior of militaries. As a case study, military structure and politics during Indonesia's recent transition from nondemocratic rule and current consolidation of democracy are explored in detail. While the ongoing interaction between civilians and the military is acknowledged, systematic structural features are identified as being important for understanding the behavior of the Indonesian military between 1998 and 2001. The authors compare and contrast the study of Indonesia with other cases in the literature on transitions—including Ghana, Nigeria, Portugal, and Thailand—and discuss resulting implications for the study of transitions and consolidations.

Australian military and veteran’s mental health care part 1: an introduction to cultural essentials for clinicians

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-269
Author(s):  
Jonathan Lane ◽  
Duncan Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Formal Structure ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Military Structure ◽  
The Military

Objective: This article aims to define the cultural specificity of Australian military and veterans, and introduce some of the essential clinician knowledge, skills and attitudes required for effective cultural competence in the management of mental health (MH) conditions in this population. Conclusion: Military culture has the defining characteristics of the military as an organisation with a formal structure, as a cultural group governed by norms and shared values, and as a social group that provides people with identities. Key requirements for cultural competence introduced here are basic knowledge of the military structure, norms and identity; clinical skills including basic assessment and awareness of the commonly occurring MH disorders; and an exploration of attitudes of both the clinician and the military or veteran patient. Further research is needed, particularly in terms of assessing clinician’s cultural competence.

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