scholarly journals Intrapopulation Genetic Variation for Seed Dormancy in Indian Ricegrass

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 646 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Jones ◽  
D. C. Nielson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Intrapopulation Genetic Variation

scholarly journals Rapid evolution of weedy traits during sunflower de-domestication: the importance of hybridization and standing genetic variation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Hernandez ◽  
Roman Boris Vercellino ◽  
Claudio Pandolfo ◽  
Jennifer R. Mandel ◽  
Alejandro Presotto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance

Hybridization between crops and their wild relatives may promote the evolution of de-domesticated (feral) weeds. Wild sunflower is typically found in ruderal environments, but crop-wild hybridization may facilitate the evolution of weedy biotypes. Using one crop-specific mitochondrial marker (CMS-PET1) and 14 nuclear SSR markers, we studied the origin and genetic diversity of BRW, a recently discovered weedy biotype. Then, using a resurrection approach, we tested for rapid evolution of weedy traits (seed dormancy, herbicide resistance, and competitive ability) by sampling weedy and wild biotypes 10 years apart (2007 and 2017). All the weedy plants present the CMS-PET1 cytotype, confirming their feral origin. At the nuclear markers, BRW showed higher genetic diversity than the cultivated lines, as high genetic diversity as the most diverse wild biotypes, and low differentiation with one wild biotype, suggesting that wild hybridization increased the genetic diversity of the feral BRW. Regarding weedy trait evolution, we found support for rapid evolution towards higher seed dormancy, but not for higher competitive ability or herbicide resistance. Standing genetic variation probably facilitated the evolution of seed dormancy and limited the evolution of herbicide resistance, as no resistant alleles were found in the ancestral biotype. Our results demonstrate that natural crop-wild hybrids can evolve quickly in farmers' fields, leading to the establishment of weedy biotypes of cultivated origin. Although herbicide resistance did not evolve in BRW, management strategies aimed at preventing the evolution of resistance should be a priority in order to avoid the emergence and spread of herbicide resistant biotypes in Argentina.

Genetic variation for secondary seed dormancy and seed longevity in a set of black-seeded European winter oilseed rape cultivars

2013 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Schatzki ◽  
Mai Allam ◽  
Coretta Klöppel ◽  
Manuela Nagel ◽  
Andreas Börner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIATION IN WEED SEED DORMANCY AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN CROPS: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagirath Singh Chauhan ◽  
Michael Thompson ◽  
Romesh Kumar Salgotra
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Heritable Variation ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
High Level

Evolution in the seed dormancy depends on the presence of heritable variation in weed populations. This genetic variation in weeds arises because of abundant, grow rapidly, and produce large numbers of off springs. Compared with other plant species, populations of weed species frequently show limited genetic variation in seed dormancy due to colonization, extensive clonal propagation, inbreeding, and the relative environmental homogeneity. Nevertheless, populations of weed species contain substantial store of genetic variation and genetic differentiation for seed dormancy and other reproductive traits because of pervasive feature of widely distributed nature of weed species. As a result, high level of genetic diversity among the weeds is fostered by hybridization, habitat longevity, environmental heterogeneity, outcrossing and large population size. The objective of this review is to update the existing literature concerned with genetic variation in seed dormancy and reproductive traits in weeds.

Genetic Variation, Translocation Heterozygosity, and Seed Dormancy in Clarkia williamsonii

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Price ◽  
W. L. Sward ◽  
H. L. Wedberg
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Translocation Heterozygosity

scholarly journals The reasons for low intrapopulation genetic variation in Lamium incisum Willd

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wąsowicz ◽  
Monika Szczecińska ◽  
Jakub Sawicki
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intrapopulation Genetic Variation ◽  
Issr Primers

The reasons for low intrapopulation genetic variation in Lamium incisum Willd The paper presents results of a study which aim was preliminary screening of intrapopulation genetic variability in Lamium incisum Willd. This weed species is rarely distributed in Poland and lessening its count during the last years. As a plant inhabiting anthropogenic sites it is exposed to extreme conditions and disturbances caused mostly by the progressive intensification of agriculture. In order to investigate the genetic variability of the selected population markers of ISSR category were used. The analysis of chosen individuals with use of three ISSR primers revealed total of 49 loci, of which only 15 were polymorphic. Nei's gene diversity index (HE=0.099) and the mean number of alleles per locus (AE=1.160) indicated low genetic diversity within the examined population. The research presented in this paper allows for a better learning of the genetic variability of the investigated species and considers probable factors influencing its level.

Population differentiation in Australian Cardamine. III. Variation in germination response

1966 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Thurling
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
New South ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Germination Response ◽  
South Wales

Genetic variation in germination response was observed among a series of Cardamine populations whose habitats range from sea-level to 7200 ft in southern New South Wales. This variation was closely related to altitude. In populations from below 2000 ft, germination was inhibited at high temperatures, whereas those from above 5500 ft did not germinate at low temperatures. Among populations in which germination was inhibited at low temperatures the intensity of low temperature inhibition increased with increasing altitude. The adaptive significance of high and low temperature seed dormancy in these populations of Cardamine is discussed.

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