Expression of a Flax Allene Oxide Synthase cDNA Leads to Increased Endogenous Jasmonic Acid (JA) Levels in Transgenic Potato Plants but Not to a Corresponding Activation of JA-Responding Genes

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Harms ◽  
Rainer Atzorn ◽  
Alan Brash ◽  
Hartmut Kuhn ◽  
Claus Wasternack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Transgenic Potato ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Transgenic Potato Plants ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of An Allene Oxide Synthase Involved in Biosynthesis of Jasmonic Acid and Its Influence on Metabolite Profiles and Ethylene Formation in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Flowers

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyuan Peng ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Yinyin Liao ◽  
Lanting Zeng ◽  
Xinlan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Ethylene Formation ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Jasmonic acid (JA) is reportedly involved in the interaction between insects and the vegetative parts of horticultural crops; less attention has, however, been paid to its involvement in the interaction between insects and the floral parts of horticultural crops. Previously, we investigated the allene oxide synthase 2 (AOS2) gene that was found to be the only JA synthesis gene upregulated in tea (Camellia sinensis) flowers exposed to insect (Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan)) attacks. In our present study, transient expression analysis in Nicotiana benthamiana plants confirmed that CsAOS2 functioned in JA synthesis and was located in the chloroplast membrane. In contrast to tea leaves, the metabolite profiles of tea flowers were not significantly affected by 10 h JA (2.5 mM) treatment as determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Moreover, JA treatment did not significantly influence ethylene formation in tea flowers. These results suggest that JA in tea flowers may have different functions from JA in tea leaves and other flowers.

scholarly journals Allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase and jasmonic acid levels in Lotus japonicus nodules

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e0190884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Zdyb ◽  
Marco G. Salgado ◽  
Kirill N. Demchenko ◽  
Wolfram G. Brenner ◽  
Małgorzata Płaszczyca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Allene Oxide Cyclase ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Inducible Overexpression of a Rice Allene Oxide Synthase Gene Increases the Endogenous Jasmonic Acid Level, PR Gene Expression, and Host Resistance to Fungal Infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1127-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuansheng Mei ◽  
Min Qi ◽  
Guangyao Sheng ◽  
Yinong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzyme ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Many studies in dicotyledonous plants have shown that jasmonates, including jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate, are important signal molecules involved in induced resistance to pathogen infection and insect herbivory. However, very little genetic and molecular evidence is available to demonstrate their role in host defense response of rice and other economically important monocot plants. In this study, we have shown that exogenous application of JA was able to activate defense gene expression and local induced resistance in rice seedlings against the rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea). Furthermore, we have characterized a pathogen-inducible rice OsAOS2 gene (which encodes allene oxide synthase, a key enzyme in the JA biosynthetic pathway) and examined the role of endogenous JA in rice defense response through transgenic manipulation of the JA biosynthesis. Sequence analysis indicated that OsAOS2 contains four common domains of the cytochrome P450 enzyme, but does not have the signal peptide for chloroplast targeting. The basal level of OsAOS2 expression is very low in leaves but relatively high in the sheath, culm, and flower of rice plants. Interestingly, the expression of OsAOS2 in rice leaves can be induced significantly upon M. grisea infection. Transgenic rice lines carrying the OsAOS2 transgene under the control of a strong, pathogen-inducible PBZ1 promoter accumulated abundant OsAOS2 transcripts and higher levels of JA, especially after the pathogen infection. These transgenic lines also exhibited enhanced activation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes such as PR1a, PR3, and PR5 and increased resistance to M. grisea infection. Our results suggest that JA plays a significant role in PR gene induction and blast resistance in rice plants.

scholarly journals Expression of Castanea crenata Allene Oxide Synthase in Arabidopsis Improves the Defense to Phytophthora cinnamomi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Serrazina ◽  
Helena Machado ◽  
Rita Lourenço Costa ◽  
Paula Duque ◽  
Rui Malhó
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Castanea Crenata ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Allene oxide synthase (AOS) is a key enzyme of the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. The AOS gene was previously found to be upregulated in an Asian chestnut species resistant to infection by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi (Castanea crenata), while lower expression values were detected in the susceptible European chestnut (Castanea sativa). Here, we report a genetic and functional characterization of the C. crenata AOS (CcAOS) upon its heterologous gene expression in a susceptible ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana, which contains a single AOS gene. It was found that Arabidopsis plants expressing CcAOS delay pathogen progression and exhibit more vigorous growth in its presence. They also show upregulation of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid-related genes. As in its native species, heterologous CcAOS localized to plastids, as revealed by confocal imaging of the CcAOS-eGFP fusion protein in transgenic Arabidopsis roots. This observation was confirmed upon transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf epidermal cells. To further confirm a specific role of CcAOS in the defense mechanism against the pathogen, we performed crosses between transgenic CcAOS plants and an infertile Arabidopsis AOS knockout mutant line. It was found that plants expressing CcAOS exhibit normal growth, remain infertile but are significantly more tolerant to the pathogen than wild type plants. Together, our results indicate that CcAOS is an important player in plant defense responses against oomycete infection and that its expression in susceptible varieties may be a valuable tool to mitigate biotic stress responses.

scholarly journals Expression of Castanea crenata Allene Oxide Synthase in Arabidopsis Improves the Defense to Phytophthora cinnamomi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Serrazina ◽  
Helena Machado ◽  
Rita Costa ◽  
Paula Duque ◽  
Rui Malhó
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Castanea Crenata ◽  
Oxide Synthase

ABSTRACTAllene oxide synthase (AOS) is a key enzyme of the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. The AOS gene was previously found to be upregulated in an Asian chestnut species resistant to infection by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi (Castanea crenata), while lower expression values were detected in the susceptible European chestnut (Castanea sativa). Here, we report a genetic and functional characterization of the C. crenata AOS (CcAOS) upon its heterologous gene expression in a susceptible ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana, which contains a single AOS gene. It was found that Arabidopsis plants expressing CcAOS delay pathogen progression and exhibit more vigorous growth in its presence. They also show upregulation of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid-related genes. As in its native species, heterologous CcAOS localized to plastids, as revealed by confocal imaging of the CcAOS-eGFP fusion protein in transgenic Arabidopsis roots. This observation was confirmed upon transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf epidermal cells. To further confirm a specific role of CcAOS in the defense mechanism against the pathogen, we performed crosses between transgenic CcAOS plants and an infertile Arabidopsis AOS knockout mutant line. It was found that plants expressing CcAOS exhibit normal growth, remain infertile but are significantly more tolerant to the pathogen than wild type plants.Together, our results indicate that CcAOS is an important player in plant defense responses against oomycete infection and that its expression in susceptible varieties may be a valuable tool to mitigate biotic stress responses.One-sentence summaryHeterologous expression of the Castanea crenata allene oxide synthase gene in Arabidopsis thaliana improves the defense response to the pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi.

Herbivore-induced allene oxide synthase transcripts and jasmonic acid in Nicotiana attenuata

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Ziegler ◽  
Markku Keinänen ◽  
Ian T Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Nicotiana Attenuata ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Identification of Jasmonic Acid Biosynthetic Genes in Sweet Cherry and Expression Analysis in Four Ancient Varieties from Tuscany

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Berni ◽  
Giampiero Cai ◽  
Xuan Xu ◽  
Jean-Francois Hausman ◽  
Gea Guerriero
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Allene Oxide Cyclase ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Ja Signaling ◽  
The Impact

Sweet cherries are non-climacteric fruits whose early development is characterized by high levels of the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA). Important parameters, such as firmness and susceptibility to cracking, can be affected by pre- and postharvest treatments of sweet cherries with JA. Despite the impact of JA on sweet cherry development and fruit characteristics, there are no studies (to the best of our knowledge) identifying the genes involved in the JA biosynthetic pathway in this species. We herein identify the sweet cherry members of the lipoxygenase family (13-LOX); allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase 3, as well as genes encoding the transcriptional master regulator MYC2. We analyze their expression pattern in four non-commercial Tuscan varieties (‘Carlotta’, ‘Maggiola’, ‘Morellona’, ‘Crognola’) having different levels of bioactives (namely phenolics). The highest differences are found in two genes encoding 13-LOX in the variety ‘Maggiola’ and one MYC2 isoform in ‘Morellona’. No statistically-significant variations are instead present in the allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase 3. Our data pave the way to follow-up studies on the JA signaling pathway in these ancient varieties, for example in relation to development and post-harvest storage.

scholarly journals Wounding stimulates ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE gene and increases the level of jasmonic acid in Ipomoea nil cotyledons

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Wilmowicz ◽  
Agata Kućko ◽  
Kamil Frankowski ◽  
Barbara Zabrocka-Nowakowska ◽  
Katarzyna Panek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Lipoxygenase Pathway ◽  
Ipomoea Nil ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Strong Stimulation ◽  
Oxide Synthase

<em>Allene oxide synthase</em> (<em>AOS</em>) encodes the first enzyme in the lipoxygenase pathway, which is responsible for jasmonic acid (JA) formation. In this study we report the molecular cloning and characterization of <em>InAOS</em> from <em>Ipomoea nil</em>. The full-length gene is composed of 1662 bp and encodes for 519 amino acids. The predicted InAOS contains PLN02648 motif, which is evolutionarily conserved and characteristic for functional enzymatic proteins. We have shown that wounding led to a strong stimulation of the examined gene activity in cotyledons and an increase in JA level, which suggest that this compound may be a modulator of stress responses in <em>I. nil</em>.

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