Marketing to Inner-City Blacks: PowerMaster and Moral Responsibility

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Brenkert
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Market Segment ◽  
Market System ◽  
Marketing Campaign ◽  
Unfair Advantage ◽  
Marketing Program ◽  
Moral Responsibilities

Abstract:PowerMaster was a malt liquor which Heileman Brewing Company sought to market to inner-city blacks in the early 1990s. Due to widespread opposition, Heileman ceased its marketing of PowerMaster. This paper begins by exploring the moral objections of moral illusion, moral insensitivity and unfair advantage brought against Heileman’s marketing campaign. Within the current market system, it is argued that none of these criticism was clearly justified. Heileman might plausibly claim it was fulfilling its individual moral responsibilities.Instead, Heileman’s marketing program must be viewed as part of a group of marketing programs which all targeted inner-city blacks. It is argued that those marketers who target this particular market segment constitute a group which is collectively responsible for the harms imposed by their products on inner-city blacks. This responsibility is reducible neither to individual responsibility nor to a shared responsibility. It constitutes a dimension of moral responsibility to which marketers must pay attention.

Moral Responsibility, Socially Embedded

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Moral Agency ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
The Face ◽  
Moral Theorizing ◽  
The Impact

This chapter asks whether we can hold on to the picture of the morally responsible subject as we knew it in the face of evidence from social psychology about the impact of contexts on human behaviour. Some theorists have taken this to present a major challenge to moral theorizing. However, the chapter argues that, while we should acknowledge the malleability of human behaviour, we should not give up the notion of responsible agency. Rather, we need to broaden our theoretical horizon in order to include individuals’ co-responsibility for the contexts in which they act. This argument is a general one, but it is of particular relevance for organizations: it is our shared responsibility to turn them into contexts in which moral agency is supported rather than undermined.

scholarly journals Socio-economically Substantiated Education for Sustainable Development: Development of Competencies and Value Orientations Between Individual Responsibility and Structural Transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Schank ◽  
Marco Rieckmann
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Educational Concept ◽  
Key Competencies ◽  
Development Of Competencies

In this article, the concept of education for sustainable development is substantiated and expanded upon from a socio-economic perspective. Incorporating the concept of the economic citizen, we present the liberal republican civic ethos, moral judgement, decision-making capabilities and key competencies relevant for sustainability together with an informed understanding of economic context as constitutive elements of the educational concept. Against the backdrop of the limited reach of individual behavioural changes and the necessary reflections on structural questions, a heuristic of shared responsibility for sustainable development will be devised.

scholarly journals How Are the Links between Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer Portrayed in Australian Newspapers?: A Paired Thematic and Framing Media Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7657
Author(s):  
Amy Rudge ◽  
Kristen Foley ◽  
Belinda Lunnay ◽  
Emma R. Miller ◽  
Samantha Batchelor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Framing Analysis

A dose-dependent relationship between alcohol consumption and increased breast cancer risk is well established, even at low levels of consumption. Australian women in midlife (45–64 years) are at highest lifetime risk for developing breast cancer but demonstrate low awareness of this link. We explore women’s exposure to messages about alcohol and breast cancer in Australian print media in the period 2002–2018. Methods: Paired thematic and framing analyses were undertaken of Australian print media from three time-defined subsamples: 2002–2004, 2009–2011, and 2016–2018. Results: Five key themes arose from the thematic framing analysis: Ascribing Blame, Individual Responsibility, Cultural Entrenchment, False Equilibrium, and Recognition of Population Impact. The framing analysis showed that the alcohol–breast cancer link was predominantly framed as a behavioural concern, neglecting medical and societal frames. Discussion: We explore the representations of the alcohol and breast cancer risk relationship. We found their portrayal to be conflicting and unbalanced at times and tended to emphasise individual choice and responsibility in modifying health behaviours. We argue that key stakeholders including government, public health, and media should accept shared responsibility for increasing awareness of the alcohol–breast cancer link and invite media advocates to assist with brokering correct public health information.

On the Relation Between Collective Responsibility and Collective Duties

Philosophy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-131
Author(s):  
Niels de Haan
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Type Symmetry ◽  
Moral Demands

AbstractThere is good reason to think that moral responsibility as accountability is tied to the violation of moral demands. This lends intuitive support to Type-Symmetry in the collective realm: A type of responsibility entails the violation or unfulfillment of the same type of all-things-considered duty. For example, collective responsibility necessarily entails the violation of a collective duty. But Type-Symmetry is false. In this paper I argue that a non-agential group can be collectively responsible without thereby violating a collective duty. To show this I distinguish between four types of responsibility and duty in collective contexts: corporate, distributed, collective, shared. I set out two cases: one involves a non-reductive collective action that constitutes irreducible wrongdoing, the other involves a non-divisible consequence. I show that the violation of individual or shared duties both can lead to irreducible wrongdoing for which only the group is responsible. Finally, I explain why this conclusion does not upset any work on individual responsibility.

scholarly journals Development of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention Using a Model of Actionable Feedback

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer J. Patel ◽  
Lisa Saiman ◽  
Jennifer M. Duchon ◽  
David Evans ◽  
Yu-hui Ferng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Audit And Feedback ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Data Elements

We describe the development of an audit and feedback intervention to improve antibiotic prescribing in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) using a theoretical framework. Participants included attending physicians, neonatal fellows, pediatric residents, and nurse practitioners. The intervention was based on the “model of actionable feedback” which emphasizes that feedback should be timely, individualized, nonpunitive, and customized to be effective. We found that real-time feedback could not be provided for the parameters established in this study, as we had to collect and analyze numerous data elements to assess appropriate initiation and continuation of antibiotics and required longer intervals to examine trends in antibiotic use. We learned during focus groups that NICU clinicians strongly resisted assigning individual responsibility for antibiotic prescribing as they viewed this as a shared responsibility informed by each patient's laboratory data and clinical course. We were able to create a non-punitive atmosphere thanks to written informed consent from NICU attendings and assurance from leadership that prescribing practices would not be used to assess job performance. We provided customized, meaningful feedback integrating input from the participants. Adapting the principles of the “model of actionable feedback” to provide feedback for antimicrobial prescribing practices proved challenging in the NICU setting.

Socializing Responsibility

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Levy
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The World ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
The Way

There is a near universal consensus that the bearers of moral responsibility are the individuals people identify with proper names. In this chapter, it is suggested that if people take the exercise of agency as a guide to the identification of agents, they may find that agents sometimes extend into the world: they may be constituted by several individuals and/or by institutions. These extended agents may be responsible for morally significant outcomes. The chapter argues that institutions or extended agents may also be responsible for the failure of individuals to satisfy the epistemic conditions on moral responsibility. Individuals may believe virtuously but falsely, due to the way in which cues to reliability are socially distributed. The chapter concludes by suggesting that a focus on individual responsibility may have distracted people from the urgent task of reforming the institutional actors responsible for widespread ignorance about morally significant facts.

The crisis in post-secondary enrollments in forestry programs: A call to action for Canada's future forestry professional/technical workforce

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Marketing Campaign ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Marketing Program ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Declining Enrollment ◽  
Forestry Programs

Enrollment in post-secondary forestry programs at technical/technologist and university levels has been in dramatic decline for several years. As the turndown in forestry enrollments has developed, both reactive and proactive recruitment efforts have been undertaken, usually in isolation, by the post-secondary institutions and governments, industry and forestry-related groups. The white paper provides information on what the trend means to forestry programs, and why government and industry should be concerned. A nationally coordinated "marketing campaign" and the eventual formation of a Sector Council for forestry is recommended. Key words: post-secondary forestry programs, declining enrollment, national marketing program, Sector council

Coalitions of the Willing and Responsibilities to Protect: Informal Associations, Enhanced Capacities, and Shared Moral Burdens

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Erskine
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Moral Agency ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Moral Significance ◽  
Larry May ◽  
Moral Responsibilities ◽  
Informal Associations

“Coalition of the willing” is a phrase that we hear invoked with frequency in world politics. Significantly, it is generally accompanied by claims to moral responsibility. Yet the label commonly used to connote a temporary, purpose-driven, self-selected collection of states sits uneasily alongside these assertions of moral responsibility.This article explores how the informal nature of such associations should inform judgments of moral responsibility. I begin by briefly recounting what I call a model of institutional moral agency in order to explain why it seems theoretically and practically problematic to talk about the moral responsibilities of informal associations. I then focus on coalitions of the willing as prominent, and challenging, examples of such associations, before raising misgivings about my own rather stark distinction if it means that accounts of moral responsibility must be reduced to the members—or potential members—of such coalitions in a way that neglects the moral significance of their acting together. Prompted by these concerns, I explore arguments by Virginia Held and Larry May about moral responsibility in relation to informal associations and identify insights that can be taken from these positions to refine our expectations and evaluations of the actions associated with such collectivities. Finally, I consider the particular implications of these insights in relation to the widely espoused duty to intervene to rescue vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Compatibilism Can Be Natural

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Turri
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Moral Responsibilities ◽  
Philosophical Debates ◽  
Commonsense Morality

Compatibilism is the view that moral responsibility is compatible with determinism. Natural compatibilism is the view that in ordinary social cognition, people are compatibilists. Researchers have recently debated whether natural compatibilism is true. This paper presents six experiments (N = 909) that advance this debate. The results provide the best evidence to date for natural compatibilism, avoiding the main methodological problems faced by previous work supporting the view. In response to simple scenarios about familiar activities, people judged that agents had moral responsibilities to perform actions that they were unable to perform (Experiment 1), were morally responsible for unavoidable outcomes (Experiment 2), were to blame for unavoidable outcomes (Experiments 3-4), deserved blame for unavoidable outcomes (Experiment 5), and should suffer consequences for unavoidable outcomes (Experiment 6). These findings advance our understanding of moral psychology and philosophical debates that depend partly on patterns in commonsense morality.

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