Squaring the Circle: Suggested Basis of the Ancient Egyptian Rule

It is not clear what an Egyptian god was, what was believed about them, or how people responded to them. This qualitative work induces the nature of gods from the fourth and third millennia B.C.E. culture with the intention of stating what Egyptians believed. Framed in a philosophical design, it explores three features. First, using language, archaeology, and iconography the essentials of the god identity are outlined for original qualification. Second, god existence is argued using classical proofs. Third, god character is examined to reveal the specific psychological archetype that dictated their behaviour in myth. Then, delineated by the essential qualities of all three features, the nature of the gods is consolidated and filtered through an Old Kingdom value structure to reveal their conception—habitual ideal individual behaviour. The ancient Egyptians had a monistic idea for god that was internalised by every individual thus creating a system of internal equality despite the external inequality.

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Seth – A Misrepresented God in the Ancient Egyptian Pantheon?

10.30861/9781407310848 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Philip John Turner

Keyword(s):

Ancient Egyptian

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Transporting the Deceased to Eternity: The Ancient Egyptian Term 'H3i'

10.30861/9781407307299 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Kelly-Anne Diamond

Keyword(s):

Ancient Egyptian

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ISLAMIC COINS FROM EASTERN GIZA (EGYPT)

Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS ◽

10.31696/2618-7302-2020-3-57-62 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 57-62

Author(s):

E. Yu. Goncharov ◽

◽

S. E. Malykh ◽

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Human Activity ◽

The Other ◽

Dynamic Nature ◽

14Th Century ◽

Modern Times ◽

Ancient Egyptian ◽

Ancient Rock ◽

Oriental Studies ◽

The Middle Ages

The article focuses on the attribution of one gold and two copper coins discovered by the Russian Archaeological Mission of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS in the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Giza. Coins come from mixed fillings of the burial shafts of the Ancient Egyptian rock-cut tombs of the second half of the 3rd millennium B.C. According to the archaeological context, the coins belong to the stages of the destruction of ancient burials that took place during the Middle Ages and Modern times. One of the coins is a Mamluk fals dating back to the first half of the 14th century A.D., the other two belong to the 1830s — the Ottoman period in Egypt, and are attributed as gold a buchuk hayriye and its copper imitation. Coins are rare for the ancient necropolis and are mainly limited to specimens of the 19th–20th centuries. In general, taking into account the numerous finds of other objects — fragments of ceramic, porcelain and glass utensils, metal ware, glass and copper decorations, we can talk about the dynamic nature of human activity in the ancient Egyptian cemetery in the 2nd millennium A.D. Egyptians and European travelers used the ancient rock-cut tombs as permanent habitats or temporary sites, leaving material traces of their stay.

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