The Consumption of Natural Foods by Captive Canvasbacks and Lesser Scaups

1964 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry R. Longcore ◽  
George W. Cornwell
Keyword(s):  
Natural Foods

Punica granatum as a Source of Natural Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agent; a Comprehensive Review on Related Investigations

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Jalali ◽  
Mohammadreza Kiafar ◽  
Masih Seddigh ◽  
Mohammad M. Zarshenas
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Natural Foods

Background: The consumption of natural antioxidants is increasing due to the demand and tendency to natural foods. Punica granatum L. [Punicaceae] is a fruit with various bioactive ingredients. The effectiveness of this plant has been proved against various disorders such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, blood coagulation, infections, cancer, and dentistry. Among them, there are numerous researches on antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Subsequently, the present study aimed to compile a review of those properties to outline this herb as a possible natural antioxidant and preservative. Methods: Synchronically, keywords "Punica granatum" with antimicrobial, or antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant and radical scavenging were searched through "Scopus" database up to 31st September 2019. Papers focusing on agriculture, genetics, chemistry, and environmental sciences were excluded and also related papers were collected. Results: Among 201 papers focusing on related activities, 111 papers have dealt with antioxidant activities focusing based on DPPH assay, 59 with antibacterial, on both gram+ and gram- bacteria, 24 with antifungal effects, mostly on Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, and 7 papers with antiviral activities. There were about 50 papers focusing on in-vivo antioxidant activities of this plant. Conclusion: Taken together, botanical parts of P. granatum have possessed notable radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities that with these properties, this plant can be introduced as a natural safe source of preservative and antioxidant. Accordingly, P. granatum can be applied as excipient with the aforementioned properties in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

scholarly journals Urban waste no replacement for natural foods—Marabou storks in Botswana

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Francis ◽  
R T Kingsford ◽  
M Murray-Hudson ◽  
K J Brandis
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Natural Foods ◽  
Lead Nickel ◽  
Marabou Stork

Abstract We compared diets of marabou storks Leptoptilos crumenifer foraging from urban landfills and natural areas in northern Botswana using stable isotope analyses and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on moulted feathers. There were significant differences in the diet of marabous foraging from natural areas compared to urban waste sites, reflected by lower δ13C and less enriched δ15N concentrations in those feeding at landfills, suggesting a shift in trophic niche. Feathers from birds foraging at landfills also had significantly higher concentrations of chromium, lead, nickel, and zinc and lower levels of cadmium and potassium than feathers sampled from natural areas. We also analysed marabou regurgitant (42 kg, naturally expelled indigestible food resources) from the Kasane landfill site. More than half was plastic, with single regurgitants weighing up to 125 g. Urban waste stored in open air landfills is altering some marabou diets, affecting their natural trophic niche, resulting in the consumption (and regurgitation) of large amounts of plastic, and exposing marabou to potentially chronic levels of trace metals. Despite the marabou’s apparent resilience to this behavioural shift, it could have long-term effects on the population of the marabou stork, particularly considering Botswana has some of the few regular marabou breeding colonies in southern Africa.

scholarly journals Pulsed Electric Fields to Improve the Use of Non-Saccharomyces Starters in Red Wines

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1472
Author(s):  
Cristian Vaquero ◽  
Iris Loira ◽  
Javier Raso ◽  
Ignacio Álvarez ◽  
Carlota Delso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
The Other ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
Torulaspora Delbrueckii ◽  
Wild Yeast ◽  
Wild Yeasts ◽  
Natural Foods ◽  
Saccharomyces Yeasts ◽  
Lachancea Thermotolerans

New nonthermal technologies, including pulsed electric fields (PEF), open a new way to generate more natural foods while respecting their organoleptic qualities. PEF can reduce wild yeasts to improve the implantation of other yeasts and generate more desired metabolites. Two PEF treatments were applied; one with an intensity of 5 kV/cm was applied continuously to the must for further colour extraction, and a second treatment only to the must (without skins) after a 24-hour maceration of 17.5 kV/cm intensity, reducing its wild yeast load by up to 2 log CFU/mL, thus comparing the implantation and fermentation of inoculated non-Saccharomyces yeasts. In general, those treated with PEF preserved more total esters and formed more anthocyanins, including vitisin A, due to better implantation of the inoculated yeasts. It should be noted that the yeast Lachancea thermotolerans that had received PEF treatment produced four-fold more lactic acid (3.62 ± 0.84 g/L) than the control of the same yeast, and Hanseniaspora vineae with PEF produced almost three-fold more 2-phenylethyl acetate than the rest. On the other hand, 3-ethoxy-1-propanol was not observed at the end of the fermentation with a Torulaspora delbrueckii (Td) control but in the Td PEF, it was observed (3.17 ± 0.58 mg/L).

Toxicity of lead shot to wild black ducks and mallards fed natural foods

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 417-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory G. Chasko ◽  
Thomas R. Hoehn ◽  
Penelope Howell-Heller
Keyword(s):  
Lead Shot ◽  
Natural Foods

Plastic ingestion as an evolutionary trap: Toward a holistic understanding

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 373 (6550) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Robson G. Santos ◽  
Gabriel E. Machovsky-Capuska ◽  
Ryan Andrades
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Acceptance Threshold ◽  
Evolutionary Trap ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Natural Foods

Human activities are changing our environment. Along with climate change and a widespread loss of biodiversity, plastic pollution now plays a predominant role in altering ecosystems globally. Here, we review the occurrence of plastic ingestion by wildlife through evolutionary and ecological lenses and address the fundamental question of why living organisms ingest plastic. We unify evolutionary, ecological, and cognitive approaches under the evolutionary trap theory and identify three main factors that may drive plastic ingestion: (i) the availability of plastics in the environment, (ii) an individual’s acceptance threshold, and (iii) the overlap of cues given by natural foods and plastics.

scholarly journals 2014 Dahlberg Award Winner The effects of dietary toughness on occlusopalatal variation in savanna baboons

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Evan Muzzall ◽  
Ryan M. Campbell ◽  
Meadow Campbell ◽  
Robert S. Corruccini
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Award Winner ◽  
Diet Sample ◽  
Soft Diet ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Natural Foods ◽  
Structural Irregularities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Craniofacial Variation

This study investigates the relationship between dietary toughness and craniofacial variation in two groups of savanna baboons. Standard craniofacial and malocclusion data were collected from a captive, soft-diet experiment group (n=24) and a sample of wild-captured baboons, raised on tougher, natural foods (n=19). We tested the hypothesis that in the absence of normal masticatory stress experienced during the consumption of wild foods, the captive baboons would exhibit higher levels of facial and dental structural irregularities. Principal component analysis indicates separation of the two samples. The soft-diet sample exhibits significantly shorter palates, greater variability in palate position, and higher frequencies of occlusal irregularities that correlate with the shorter palates. Results offer further support that long-term dietary chewing stresses have a measurable effect on adult craniofacial variation.

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