Production of Game Bird Foods in Missouri

1960 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Leroy J. Korschgen
Keyword(s):  
Game Bird

Dietary Selection against Cottonseed Meal by Captive Northern Bobwhites

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Farthing ◽  
Thomas W. Schwertner ◽  
Heather A. Mathewson ◽  
Kimberly A. Guay
Keyword(s):  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Northern Bobwhites ◽  
Dietary Preference ◽  
Game Bird ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Whole Cottonseed ◽  
Preference Study

Gossypol, a secondary plant compound found in cotton (Gossypium spp.), is known to be toxic to a variety of animals, particularly monogastric mammals and birds. Because ruminants are resistant to gossypol, whole cottonseed and cottonseed meal have been used as a feed supplement for many decades. Concerns over gossypol toxicity arise because of its presence in cottonseed products, particularly livestock and wildlife feed. The concentration of cottonseed in the environment near livestock and wildlife feeding stations presents the possibility that it may be ingested in significant amounts by non-target wild animals, resulting in inadvertent gossypol dosing. A species of significant economic and cultural value is the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). However, there are no published data regarding if Northern Bobwhites would consume cottonseed meal given the opportunity. We assessed selection for or against cottonseed meal by performing a dietary preference study. Birds (n =120) were given the choice between commercial game bird feed, scratch grains, and cottonseed meal containing 0.74% total gossypol. We measured feed consumption for five days. The birds’ diet consisted of 51.74% game bird feed, 37.72% scratch grains, and 10.54% cottonseed meal, and percentages varied significantly among all feed types (P≤0.001, n =360). We concluded that Northern Bobwhites selected against the cottonseed meal in favour of the game bird feed first and the scratch grains second. Our results suggest that given the choice, Northern Bobwhites will select against cottonseed meal if other feed choices are available.

Biosecurity and Bird Movement Practices in Upland Game Bird Facilities in the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine E. Slota ◽  
Ashley E. Hill ◽  
Thomas J. Keefe ◽  
Richard A. Bowen ◽  
Kristy L. Pabilonia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Game Bird

scholarly journals Effects of supplementary feed for game birds on activity of brown rats Rattus norvegicus on arable farms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Md Saad ◽  
Roy Sanderson ◽  
Peter Robertson ◽  
Mark Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Game Bird ◽  
Game Birds ◽  
Bird Feeders ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
Supplementary Feed

Abstract Brown rats are widespread in agroecosystems, but our understanding of factors affecting their activity is incomplete due to cryptic, nocturnal behaviours. Indirect monitoring methods include tracking plates and camera traps. Supplementary feeding of game birds may provide resources for rats away from farm buildings, allowing them to persist in winter when there is little other food available. Developing reliable methods to monitor such populations will facilitate landscape-scale studies of rat populations in farm environments and aid ecologically based approaches for controlling rats on farms. We compared camera traps and tracking plates to monitor brown rat activity near game bird feeders at a mixed farm in Northumberland, UK. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to compare rat incidence estimated from camera traps and tracking plates. A strong positive relationship was found between the two methods, although tracking plate estimates were less reliable when rat activity was very low. Factors that affected populations of brown rats near game bird feeders were assessed via linear mixed-effect models (LMM) of monthly tracking plate data (October 2017 to September 2018). Populations were highest at the feeders (0 m) compared with further away (10 m, 20 m) and were also higher in periods of cold, wet weather and when more food was available from the feeders. Rodenticide application near feeders did not significantly affect activity, nor did land cover 100 m around each feeder. A highly significant relationship was detected with food supply, suggesting that the use of game bird feeders could potentially have major impacts on rat population dynamics.

Seasonal Food Habits of Four Game Bird Species in Okanogan County, Washington

The Murrelet ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Knight ◽  
A. David Every ◽  
Albert W. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Game Bird

scholarly journals A R re Game Bird

Nature ◽  
1905 ◽  
Vol 72 (1877) ◽  
pp. 605-605
Author(s):  
JOHN S. SAWBRIDGE
Keyword(s):  
Game Bird

Measuring the Yield and Availability of Game Bird Foods

1955 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verne E. Davison ◽  
L. M. Dickerson ◽  
Karl Graetz ◽  
W. W. Neely ◽  
Lloyd Roof
Keyword(s):  
Game Bird

Estimating migratory game-bird productivity by integrating age ratio and banding data

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 612 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Zimmerman ◽  
W. A. Link ◽  
M. J. Conroy ◽  
J. R. Sauer ◽  
K. D. Richkus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
American Woodcock ◽  
Game Bird ◽  
Relative Recovery ◽  
Game Birds ◽  
Age Ratio ◽  
Relative Vulnerability

Context Reproduction is a critical component of fitness, and understanding factors that influence temporal and spatial dynamics in reproductive output is important for effective management and conservation. Although several indices of reproductive output for wide-ranging species, such as migratory birds, exist, there has been no theoretical justification for their estimators or associated measures of variance. Aims The aims of our research were to develop statistical justification for an estimator of reproduction and associated variances on the basis of an existing national wing-collection survey and banding data, and to demonstrate the applicability of this estimator to a migratory game bird. Methods We used a Bayesian hierarchical modelling approach to integrate wing-collection data, which provides information on population age ratios, and band-recovery data, which provides information on recovery probabilities of various age classes, for American woodcock (Scolopax minor) to estimate productivity and associated measures of variance. We present two models of relative vulnerability between age classes: one model assumed that adult recovery probabilities were higher, but that annual fluctuations were synchronous between the two age classes (i.e. an additive effect of age and year). The second model assumed that adults, on average, had higher recovery probabilities than did juveniles and that annual fluctuations were asynchronous through time (i.e. an interaction between age and year). Key results Fitting our models within a hierarchical Bayesian framework efficiently incorporates the two data types into a single estimator and derives appropriate variances for the productivity estimator. Further, use of Bayesian methods enabled us to derive credible intervals that avoid the reliance on asymptotic assumptions. When applied to American woodcock data, the additive model resulted in biologically realistic and more precise age-ratio estimates each year and is adequate when the relative vulnerability to sampling only slightly varies or does not vary among components of a population (e.g. age, sex class) among years. Therefore, we recommend using woodcock indices from our analysis based on this model. Conclusions We provide a flexible modelling framework for estimating productivity and associated variances that can incorporate ecological covariates to explore various factors that could drive annual dynamics in productivity. Applying our model to the American woodcock data indicated that assumptions about the variability in relative recovery probabilities could greatly influence the precision of our productivity estimator. Therefore, researchers should carefully consider the assumption of temporally variable relative recovery probabilities (i.e. ratio of juvenile to adults’ recovery probability) for different age classes when applying this estimator. Implications Several national and international management strategies for migratory game birds in North America rely on measures of productivity from harvest survey parts collections, without a justification of the estimator or providing estimates of precision. We derive an estimator of productivity with realistic measures of uncertainty that can be directly incorporated into management plans or ecological studies across large spatial scales.

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