Spore Swelling, Germination, and Germ Tube Formation in Axenic Culture among Four Species of Piptocephalis

Mycologia ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. McDaniel ◽  
D. F. Hindal
Keyword(s):  
Germ Tube ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Tube Formation

scholarly journals CAP1, an Adenylate Cyclase-Associated Protein Gene, Regulates Bud-Hypha Transitions, Filamentous Growth, and Cyclic AMP Levels and Is Required for Virulence of Candida albicans

2001 ◽  
Vol 183 (10) ◽  
pp. 3211-3223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Sun Bahn ◽  
Paula Sundstrom
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Filamentous Growth ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Camp Signaling ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Camp Levels

ABSTRACT In response to a wide variety of environmental stimuli, the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans exits the budding cycle, producing germ tubes and hyphae concomitant with expression of virulence genes, such as that encoding hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1). Biochemical studies implicate cyclic AMP (cAMP) increases in promoting bud-hypha transitions, but genetic evidence relating genes that control cAMP levels to bud-hypha transitions has not been reported. Adenylate cyclase-associated proteins (CAPs) of nonpathogenic fungi interact with Ras and adenylate cyclase to increase cAMP levels under specific environmental conditions. To initiate studies on the relationship between cAMP signaling and bud-hypha transitions in C. albicans, we identified, cloned, characterized, and disrupted the C. albicans CAP1 gene. C. albicans strains with inactivated CAP1 budded in conditions that led to germ tube formation in isogenic strains withCAP1. The addition of 10 mM cAMP and dibutyryl cAMP promoted bud-hypha transitions and filamentous growth in thecap1/cap1 mutant in liquid and solid media, respectively, showing clearly that cAMP promotes hypha formation in C. albicans. Increases in cytoplasmic cAMP preceding germ tube emergence in strains having CAP1 were markedly diminished in the budding cap1/cap1 mutant. C. albicans strains with deletions of both alleles ofCAP1 were avirulent in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis. The avirulence of a germ tube-deficientcap1/cap1 mutant coupled with the role of Cap1 in regulating cAMP levels shows that the Cap1-mediated cAMP signaling pathway is required for bud-hypha transitions, filamentous growth, and the pathogenesis of candidiasis.

Candida albicans growth and germ tube formation can be inhibited by simple diphenyl diselenides [(PhSe)2, (MeOPhSe)2, (p-Cl-PhSe)2, (F3CPhSe)2] and diphenyl ditelluride

Mycoses ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Bueno Rosseti ◽  
Caroline Wagner ◽  
Roselei Fachinetto ◽  
Paulo Taube Junior ◽  
Maricilia Silva Costa
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Diphenyl Ditelluride

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2−2xO4 Nanoparticles

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Suriya Rehman ◽  
Munirah A. Almessiere ◽  
Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi ◽  
Mehwish Hussain ◽  
Maha Yousuf Bari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Tube ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Colon Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ultrasonic Synthesis ◽  
Transmission Electron

In the present study, biocompatible manganese nanoparticles have been linked with zinc and iron molecules to prepare different derivatives of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2−2xO4 NPs (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10), using an ultrasonication approach. The structure, surface morphology, and chemical compositions of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2−2xO4 NPs were elucidated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) techniques. The bioactivity of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2−2xO4 NPs on normal (HEK-293) and (HCT-116) colon cancer cell line was evaluated. The Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2−2xO4 NPs treatment post 48 h resulted in a significant reduction in cells (via MTT assay, having an IC50 value between 0.88 µg/mL and 2.40 µg/mL). The specificity of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2−2xO4 NPs were studied by treating them on normal cells line (HEK-293). The results showed that Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2−2xO4 NPs did not incur any effect on HEK-293, which suggests that Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2−2xO4 NPs selectively targeted the colon cancerous cells. Using Candida albicans, antifungal activity was also studied by evaluating minimum inhibitory/fungicidal concentration (MIC/MFC) and the effect of nanomaterial on the germ tube formation, which exhibited that NPs significantly inhibited the growth and germ tube formation. The obtained results hold the potential to design nanoparticles that lead to efficient bioactivity.

ASSESSMENT OF PROBIOTIC PROPERTIES OF THE STRAIN LACTOBACILLUS PARACASEI D6 AND ITS ANTICANDIDAL ACTIVITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
DEVABRATA SAIKIA ◽  
MANABENDRA MANDAL
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Cell Free Extract ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antifungal Metabolites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Fluid ◽  
Food Isolate

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the probiotic properties of a strain Lactobacillus paracasei D6 (GenBank Accession No. KJ867173) and to assess its antifungal activities against certain Candida strains. Methods: Antifungal activities of Lactobacillus paracasei D6 was tested against Candida tropicalis BSS7 and C. albicans MTCC 3017. The cell-free extract was tested against the formation of biofilm and germ tube of the aforementioned Candida strains. Different probiotic activities such as tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal fluid, adhesion to hydrocarbons, and Caco-2 cell line were evaluated for the strain Lactobacillus paracasei D6. Inhibition of Candida strains to Caco-2 cell line was also tested. The strains were identified using gene sequencing followed by phylogenetic tree construction. Results: The probiotic properties of Lactobacillus paracasei D6 were found to be statistically comparable with a standard Lactobacillus plantarum MTCC 1407. The biofilm and germ tube formation patterns of the food spoilage isolate C. tropicalis BSS7 were found to be similar to the strain C. albicans MTCC 3017. Cell-free extract of Lactobacillus paracasei D6 exhibited minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration of 0.438 mg/ml against C. tropicalis BSS7, which was found to be sufficient to inhibit its germ tube formation. The adhesion of C. tropicalis BSS7 to the epithelial Caco-2 cell line was also significantly reduced by the antifungal metabolites. Conclusion: This work gives insight on possible virulent nature of the food isolate C. tropicalis BSS7. Exometabolites produced by L. paracasei D6 were able to inhibit growth, biofilm and germ tube formation of both the strains. With this work, the authors envisage the beginning of an alternative strategy for anticandidal therapy.

scholarly journals Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad essential oil and its anti-candidal activities against clinical isolates of Candida albicans isolated from women with candidiasis

Infectio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohaddese Mahboubi ◽  
Bahareh Attaran
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Analgesic Agent ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Cytoplasmic Structures

Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad is known as antiseptic and analgesic agent in folk medicine. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the anti-candidal activity of S. khuzistanica aerial parts essential oil against clinical isolates of Candida albicans, which were isolated from women with chronic recurrent candidiasis. For this purpose, the chemical composition of hydro-distilled essential oil was determined by GC and GC-MS analysis. Then, the anti-candidal activity of essential oil and its main component (carvacrol) were determined. Carvacrol (94.1%) was the main component of essential oil, followed by β-bisabolene, p-cymene and γ-terpinene. S. khuzistanica essential oil had strong anti-candidal activity against clinical isolates of C. albicans via inhibition of germ tube formation and induction the huge punctures in the cytoplasmic structures. The cell membranes were intact in presence of essential oil or carvacrol. S. khuzistanica essential oil as the main source of carvacrol can be used for treatment of C. albicans related infections.

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