scholarly journals Genetic Relationships among Leptographium terebrantis and the Mycangial Fungi of Three Western Dendroctonus Bark Beetles

Mycologia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana L. Six ◽  
Thomas C. Harrington ◽  
Joseph Steimel ◽  
Douglas McNew ◽  
T. D. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Leptographium Terebrantis

SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF IPS PARACONFUSUS LANIER (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) REARED AXENICALLY AND WITH TREE-PATHOGENIC FUNGI VECTORED BY COHABITING DENDROCTONUS SPECIES

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Fox ◽  
D.L. Wood ◽  
R.P. Akers ◽  
J.R. Parmeter
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Ips Paraconfusus ◽  
Dendroctonus Brevicomis ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
New Association ◽  
Leptographium Terebrantis

AbstractSurvival and development of Ips paraconfusus Lanier larvae reared individually in intact Pinus ponderosa Laws. phloem without associated fungi and dietary supplements was demonstrated. Survival was reduced.in intact ponderosa pine phloem previously occupied by other larvae or by bluestaining fungi [i.e. Ophiostoma ips (Rumb.) vectored by I. paraconfusus, O. minus (Hedge.) H. & P. Syd. vectored by Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, O. clavigerum (Robins.-Jeff. & Davids.) vectored by D. ponderosae Hopkins, and Leptographium terebrantis Barras & Perry vectored by D. valens LeConte] compared with those reared without fungi or symbiotic yeasts. The highest proportion of larvae initiating tunnels and surviving to adult was observed for untreated eggs, and the lowest proportion occurred in the L. terebrantis treatment. Size was reduced and developmental rate was slower for larvae reared without fungi compared with larvae reared with associated fungi.Tunnels excavated by first- and second-instar larvae reared without associated fungi were longer than those excavated by larvae reared with associated fungi. The most frequent larval turnabouts occurred with larvae reared axenically and reared with Ips yeast and O. ips. The fewest occurred with larvae reared with Ips egg niche plugs and from untreated eggs. Females reared free of any fungi or with Penicillium or Aspergillus did not oviposit in surface-sterilized ponderosa pine logs. Naturally eclosed females from ponderosa pine logs in which they developed, laid eggs in these sterilized logs. Potential for a new association among bark beetles and fungi is discussed.

Bark beetles and their galleries: well-known niches for little known fungi on the example of Geosmithia.

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Kubátová ◽  
Miroslav Kolařík ◽  
Karel Prášil ◽  
David Novotný
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles

Wald und Klimawandel in der inneralpinen Trockenregion Visp

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (12) ◽  
pp. 481-492
Author(s):  
Andreas Rigling ◽  
Ché Elkin ◽  
Matthias Dobbertin ◽  
Britta Eilmann ◽  
Arnaud Giuggiola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Services

Forest and climate change in the inner-Alpine dry region of Visp Over the past decades, observed increases in temperature have been particularly pronounced in mountain regions. If this trend should continue in the 21st Century, frequency and intensity of droughts will increase, and will pose major challenges for forest management. Under current conditions drought-related tree mortality is already an important factor of forest ecosystems in dry inner-Alpine valleys. Here we assess the sensitivity of forest ecosystems to climate change and evaluate alternative forest management strategies in the Visp region. We integrate data from forest monitoring plots, field experiments and dynamic forests models to evaluate how the forest ecosystem services timber production, protection against natural hazards, carbon storage and biodiver-sity will be impacted. Our results suggest that at dry low elevation sites the drought tolerance of native tree species will be exceeded so that in the longer term a transition to more drought-adapted species should be considered. At medium elevations, drought and insect disturbances as by bark beetles are projected to be important for forest development, while at high elevations forests are projected to expand and grow better. All of the ecosystem services that we considered are projected to be impacted by changing forest conditions, with the specific impacts often being elevation-dependent. In the medium term, forest management that aims to increase the resilience of forests to drought can help maintain forest ecosystem services temporarily. However, our results suggest that relatively rigid management interventions are required to achieve significant effects. By using a combination of environmental monitoring, field experiments and modeling, we are able to gain insight into how forest ecosystem, and the services they provide, will respond to future changes.

Genetic Relationships between Loci Controlling Palmitic and Linolenic Acids in Soybean

Crop Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1169-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Nickell ◽  
J. R. Wilcox ◽  
J. F. Cavins
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships

scholarly journals Fungal Diversity in the Phyllosphere of Pinus heldreichii H. Christ—An Endemic and High-Altitude Pine of the Mediterranean Region

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Lazarević ◽  
Audrius Menkis
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Coniferous Tree Species

Pinus heldreichii is a high-altitude coniferous tree species naturaly occurring in small and disjuncted populations in the Balkans and southern Italy. The aim of this study was to assess diversity and composition of fungal communities in living needles of P. heldreichii specifically focusing on fungal pathogens. Sampling was carried out at six different sites in Montenegro, where 2-4 year-old living needles of P. heldreichii were collected. Following DNA isolation, it was amplified using ITS2 rDNA as a marker and subjected to high-throughput sequencing. Sequencing resulted in 31,831 high quality reads, which after assembly were found to represent 375 fungal taxa. The detected fungi were 295 (78.7%) Ascomycota, 79 (21.0%) Basidiomycota and 1 (0.2%) Mortierellomycotina. The most common fungi were Lophodermium pinastri (12.5% of all high-quality sequences), L. conigenum (10.9%), Sydowia polyspora (8.8%), Cyclaneusma niveum (5.5%), Unidentified sp. 2814_1 (5.4%) and Phaeosphaeria punctiformis (4.4%). The community composition varied among different sites, but in this respect two sites at higher altitudes (harsh growing conditions) were separated from three sites at lower altitudes (milder growing conditions), suggesting that environmental conditions were among major determinants of fungal communities associated with needles of P. heldreichii. Trees on one study site were attacked by bark beetles, leading to discolouration and frequent dieback of needles, thereby strongly affecting the fungal community structure. Among all functional groups of fungi, pathogens appeared to be an important component of fungal communities in the phyllosphere of P. heldreichii, especially in those trees under strong abiotic and biotic stress.

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