Phylogenetic Grouping of Cultural Types of Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2 Based on Ribosomal ITS Sequences

Mycologia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Salazar ◽  
Maria C. Julian ◽  
Mitsuro Hyakumachi ◽  
Victor Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Cultural Types

Phylogenetic grouping of cultural types of Rhizoctonia solani AG 2–2 based on ribosomal ITS sequences

Mycologia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-509
Author(s):  
Oscar Salazar ◽  
María C. Julián ◽  
Mitsuro Hyakumachi ◽  
Victor Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Cultural Types

scholarly journals First Report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 IIIB Causing Foliar Blight on Bletilla striata in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Shuang-Feng Yang ◽  
Shao-Mei Wang ◽  
Ke Yao ◽  
Xiao-Yu Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Bletilla Striata ◽  
First Report ◽  
Foliar Blight ◽  
Initial Symptoms

Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f. (Orchidaceae), a perennial plant, is a traditional Chinese herb (known as baiji) used to treat hemorrhage, scalding injuries, gastric ulcers, pulmonary diseases, and inflammation (Zu et al. 2019). In May 2019, foliar blight symptoms were observed on approximately 25% of B. striata (cv. Guiji No.1) plants in three plantations (∼4.5 hectares in total) in Ziyuan County, Guangxi Province, China. Initial symptoms were light brown, irregular, water-soaked spots on the plant leaves. Several spots often merged, forming large, irregular, lesions that extended onto the stem after a week and led to leaf abscission, and even plant death. To determine the causal agent, 5-mm squares cut from the margin of 6 infected leaves were surface disinfected in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 min, rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 28°C (12-h light-dark cycle) for 3 days. The emerging hyphal tip of a single mycelium was transferred to PDA to obtain pure cultures of the isolates. Twenty isolates were obtained, and 10 isolates (50%) were initially white before turning light brown (∼4 days). Septate hyphae were 4.29 to 10.75 μm (average 6.42 μm) in diameter and branched at right angles with a constriction at the origin of the branch point. Staining with 1% safranin O and 3% KOH solution (Bandoni 1979) revealed multinucleated cells (3 to 9 nuclei per cell, n = 142). This morphology was typical of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (Meyer et al. 1990). For species confirmation by molecular identification, three isolates (BJ101.6, BJ101.11, and BJ102.2) were cultured on PDA for 4 days, then DNA was extracted from the mycelium using the CTAB method (Guo et al. 2000), and the ribosomal ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was amplified by PCR using the universal fungal primers ITS1 and ITS4 (White et al. 1990). Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of strains BJ101.6, BJ101.11, and BJ102 (deposited in GenBank under accession nos MT406271, MT892815, and MT892814, respectively) had over 99% similarity with those of R. solani AG-2-2 IIIB in GenBank (accession nos JX913810 and AB054858) (Carling et al. 2002; Hong et al. 2012). Phylogenetic analysis using ITS sequences showed that the isolates clustered monophyletically with strains of R. solani AG-2-2 IIIB. The AG of the isolates was confirmed by their ability to grow well on PDA at 35°C, which separates AG-2-2 IIIB from AG-2-2 IV (Inokuti et al. 2019). Based on morphological characteristics and nucleotide sequence analysis, the isolates were identified as R. solani AG-2-2 IIIB. Pathogenicity was tested using 1.5-year-old B. striata (cv. Guiji No.1) plants grown in a perlite and peat moss mixture (1:3) in 7-cm pots. Healthy leaves on plants were inoculated with an aqueous suspension (approximately 1 × 105 hyphal fragments/mL, 100 μL) prepared from cultures of strains BJ101.6, BJ101.11, and BJ102.2, each isolate was inoculated onto three plants; three other plants with sterile water served as controls. All plants were enclosed in transparent plastic bags and incubated in a greenhouse at 28°C for 14 days (12-h photoperiod). Three days post-inoculation, leaves exposed to the mycelial fragments had symptoms similar to those originally observed in the field. No symptoms were detected on control plants. Experiments were replicated three times with similar results. To fulfill Koch’s postulates, R. solani AG-2-2 IIIB was re-isolated on PDA from symptomatic leaves and confirmed by sequencing, whereas no fungus was isolated from the control plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of R. solani AG-2-2 IIIB causing foliar blight on B. striata in China, and these findings will be useful for further control strategies and research.

SYNTHESIS OF HETEROKARYONS IN RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI KÜHN

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Whitney ◽  
J. R. Parmeter Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cultural Types

The single-spore progeny of an isolate of Rhizoctonia solani showed a wide range of cultural types. When these progeny were paired by plating on opposite sides of Petri plates or by mixing semiliquid cultures, certain combinations gave rise to heterokaryons. The heterokaryons originated from hyphal anastomoses and were culturally distinct from either of the contributing homokaryons. Observations suggested a bipolar coaipatibility mechanism among the homokaryons. Some homokaryotic strains fruited, yielding culturally indistinguishable progeny. These homothallic lines also formed heterokaryons with other homothallic lines. The progeny of these heterokaryons showed a wide range of cultural types, indicating that some homokaryons could fruit either homothallically or heterothallically.

Phylogenetic Subgrouping of Rhizoctonia solani AG 2 Isolates Based on Ribosomal ITS Sequences

Mycologia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Salazar ◽  
Johannes H. M. Schneider ◽  
Maria C. Julian ◽  
Jaap Keijer ◽  
Victor Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Its Sequences

Typing of anastomosis groups ofRhizoctonia solaniby restriction analysis of ribosomal DNA

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 556-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Guillemaut ◽  
Véronique Edel-Hermann ◽  
Pierre Camporota ◽  
Claude Alabouvette ◽  
Marc Richard-Molard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Anastomosis Group ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Rflp Type ◽  
Pcr Rflp

A method based on restriction analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified ribosomal DNA was developed for the rapid characterization of large populations of Rhizoctonia solani at the anastomosis group (AG) level. The restriction maps of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequences were compared for 219 isolates of R. solani belonging to AG-1 to AG-12 and AG-BI, representing diverse geographic and host range origins. Four discriminant restriction enzymes (MseI, AvaII, HincII, and MunI) resolved 40 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) types among the 219 ITS sequences of R. solani. Each RFLP type could be assigned to a single AG except for two RFLP types, which were common to two AG. A fifth enzyme allowed the discrimination of AG-6 and AG-12. In addition, the combination of four enzymes allowed the discrimination of subsets within AG-1, AG-2, AG-3, and AG-4. The efficiency of the typing method was confirmed by analyzing PCR-amplified ITS sequences of 30 reference strains. Furthermore, the PCR–RFLP method was used to characterize at the AG level 307 isolates of R. solani originating from ten sugar beet fields exhibiting patches of diseased plants in France. The PCR-based procedure described in this paper provides a rapid method for AG typing in R. solani.Key words: Rhizoctonia solani, anastomosis group, PCR–RFLP, ITS, identification, sugar beet.

Comparison of rDNA-ITS Sequences between Potato and Tobacco Strains in Rhizoctonia solani AG-3

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiro KUNINAGA ◽  
Donald E CARLING ◽  
Toru TAKEUCHI ◽  
Ryozo YOKOSAWA
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences

Phylogenetic subgrouping of Rhizoctonia solani AG 2 isolates based on ribosomal ITS sequences

Mycologia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Salazar ◽  
Johannes H. M. Schneider ◽  
María C. Julián ◽  
Jaap Keijer ◽  
Victor Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Its Sequences
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