Economic Regulation and the Cloth Industry in seventeenth-century England

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 73-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Long Run ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laissez Faire

Preoccupation with the policies of governments as a major theme in the history of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is now unfashionable with economic historians. However, masters of Oxford colleges and professors of social history can afford to be out of fashion. According to Mr Hill, ‘The Middle Ages in industry and internal trade also ended in 1641, when the central government lost its power to grant monopolies and to control the administration of poor relief. Attempts to prohibit the activities of middlemen, whether in industry or agriculture now ended…Guild regulations and the privileges of town oligarchies, long opposed by the common lawyers, became far more difficult to enforce…in the long run England's economic liberty, unique at that time in Europe, had a stimulating effect, especially noticeable after 1688 confirmed the political gains of the earlier revolution.’ Or as Professor Perkin claims '… the landed rulers of England… from the Restoration adopted the dynamic policy of laissez-faire in internal industry which Adam Smith… was to advocate in foreign trade.’ ‘Laissez-faire… was the direct consequence of the breakdown at the Civil War of the “Privy Council” system of central control.

Urban Change in Early Medieval Italy: The Example of Pavia

1966 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 82-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bullough
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Medieval Studies ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Warm Hospitality ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Prefatory Note.—My interest in Pavia goes back at least to 1951 when I was elected Rome Scholar in Medieval Studies. I began seriously to collect material for the history of the city in the early Middle Ages in the winter and spring of 1953 when I enjoyed the warm hospitality of the Collegio Ghislieri, thanks to the efforts made on my behalf by the late Hugh Last, to whose memory this article is dedicated. The published proceedings of the Reichenau and Spoleto congresses on ‘The early medieval town’ in the 1950s clearly underlined the need for detailed studies of particular towns; but the lack of adequate archaeological evidence discouraged me from attempting such a study of early medieval Pavia. In 1964, however, Dr. A. Peroni, Director of the Museo Civico invited me to read a supplementary paper on this topic to the Convegno di Studio sul Centro Storico di Pavia held in the Università degli Studi at Pavia on July 4th and 5th of that year. The present article is an amplified and corrected version of that paper: I have made no substantial alterations to my account of the ‘urbanistica’ of early medieval Pavia—written for an audience of architects and art-historians as well as of historians—but have dealt more fully with the social history of the city in this period. Professor Richard Krautheimer read a draft of the revised version and made some pointed and helpful comments. I am greatly indebted to Dr. Peroni, not merely for the invitation to present the original paper but also for supplying illustrations and answering queries at a time when he and his staff were engaged in helping to repair the ravages of the Florence floods.

Reviews: The Mediæval Mind.: “The Mediæval Mind: A History of the Development of Thought and Emotion in the Middle Ages.”, English Rural Economics.: “Large and Small Holdings.”, Education: Actual and Possible: “What is and What Might Be: A Study of Education in General and Elementary Education in Particular.”, ‘“Craftsmanship in Teaching.”, “The Child's Inheritance.”, Heliogabalus: “The Amazing Emperor Heliogabalus.”, A Chapter of Irish History: “Revolutionary Ireland and its Settlement.”, A Primer of Mendelism: “Mendelism.”, “The Feeble-Minded.”, “The Position of Women, Actual and Ideal.”, “The Living Wage of Women Workers”: A Supplement to the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science.”, “La Science de la Civilisation, ou de la réalité.”, “La Théorie de l'Homme et de la Civilisation.”, “Marriage, Totemism, and Religion: An Answer to Critics.”, “La France Economique et Sociale, à la veille de la Réavolution. Tome II. Lee Villes.”, “Contemporary Social Problems”, The Meaning of Social Science, “An Introduction to the Study of Social History and Antiquities.”, “India: Its Administration and Progress.”, “Great Cities of America: Their Problems and Their Government.”, “Child Probleme.”, “Shans at Home.”, “Cat's Cradles from Many Lands.”, “Insects and Disease.”, “Youth's Noble Path.”

1911 ◽  
Vol a4 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-367
Author(s):  
Philip H. Wicksteed ◽  
Gilbert Slater ◽  
P. Geddes ◽  
S. H. Swinny ◽  
S. H. Swinny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Social Science ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Social History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Living Wage ◽  
Rural Economics ◽  
Irish History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals La disuguaglianza economica in area marchigiana: uno studio di lungo periodo (1400-1800)

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-63
Author(s):  
Francesco Ammannati
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
The Political ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Fiscal Capacity ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Long Run ◽  
History Of

The research aimed at bringing new data to the study of inequality in the distribution of wealth in the long run using the fiscal documentation available to many communities of the Marches region over a period covering the late Middle Ages and the full modern age. The political-administrative history of this territory, progressively incorporated into the Papal State, was reflected in an evolution of the methodologies for assessing wealth for tax purposes. Their characteristics have been carefully taken into account and criticized in order to ensure compatibility in time and space. Land registers, “estimi”, "libre", as well as books of “collette”, will be used to describe the fiscal capacity of taxpayers enrolled in these registers and to estimate the dynamics of economic inequality.

Beguines

Capital Women ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 199-222
Author(s):  
Jan Luiten
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Marriage Pattern ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Long Run ◽  
History Of

The beguine movement is a most remarkable phenomenon in the history of the Low Countries, but it still remains to be explained. The skewed sex ratio, diminished access to convents, and religious revival of the late Middle Ages seem insufficient to explain the movement in the long run. This chapter argues that the specific attitude toward women in the Low Countries that originated with the emergence of the European Marriage Pattern created a fertile and unique basis for the beguinages to develop: the beguinages may have offered women in the Low Countries safety and security if they chose to remain single.

Jerzy Wyrozumski

2021 ◽  
pp. 519-520
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Political System ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
World War ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter provides the obituary for Jerzy Wyrozumski, who died in Kraków in early November 2018 at the age of 88. It talks about Wyrozumski as a professor of history at the Jagiellonian University and an outstanding scholar of the Middle Ages for many years. He was born in Trembowla in East Galicia and was resettled with his family in Kozle in Silesia, which was incorporated into Poland after the Second World War. Wyrozumski's particular interest was the economic and social history of Poland during the Middle Ages, the functioning of the medieval political system, and medieval religious movements in Europe. The chapter mentions Wyrozumski's active involvement in the organization of the Conference on Jewish Autonomy in Poland that was held at the Jagiellonian University in September 1986.

Guidelines for a Social History of Astronomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1 and 2) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
V. F. Polcaro ◽  
A. Martocchia
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
History Of Astronomy ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Copernican Revolution ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Modern Astronomy

An analysis of the basic cultural, historical and social elements which allowed the re-discovery and transfer of astronomical knowledge from the earlier Middle Ages up to the birth of modern astronomy, is presented in the new book Storia sociale dell’Astronomia. The book describes the main factors which played a role in suppressing or re-awakening interest in astronomical observations and events down the centuries. Among such elements we include: the loss of Greek-language-based knowledge as a vector of scientific knowledge; Christian and Islamic conceptions of Astrology; religious practices connected with observations; the birth of universities; the Protestant paradigm and humanism; the evolution of the social figure of the scientist in the West, from monks to aristocrats, and from Renaissance lords to bourgeois entrepreneurs. We focus attention on the social phenomena which caused the development of Astronomy as a science from the Middle Ages to the Copernican revolution, and claim that the ruling class’s attitude towards science is not only a matter for historical studies, but has much to do with the modern impoverishment and stagnation of Astronomy.

Taxation of robots – what would have been the view of Smith and Marx on it?

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Maik Huettinger ◽  
Jonathan Andrew Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
Short Run ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Economic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to approach the issue of taxation of robotic process automation (RPA) through an interpretive lens provided by both Adam Smith and Karl Marx. Both scholars have affected the understanding and attitudes of generations of economists, and their ideas have considerable influenced modern economic policy. It will be argued that Smith and Marx have much to offer to help contemporary economists understand the taxation of RPA, and their writings on machines, automation, and their impact on the human labor force will be discussed from their primary texts. Design/methodology/approach The paper interprets the works of Marx and Smith in relation to contemporary debates on automation, particularly, proposals to tax technological innovations to offset the social costs of automation’s displacement effects. Findings In the case of Adam Smith, there is not enough evidence to suggest that he would support a specific taxation of RPA; however, he very well might agree with a modest taxation of capital goods. Marx would very likely support a taxation in the short-run, however, would be inclined to caution that the ownership of robots should in the long run be transferred to society. Originality/value This paper uses primary texts from the discipline of history of economic thought to spark a discussion about compensating the externalities of technological innovation.

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