Correlates of Wing Morphology with Foraging Behaviour and Migration Distance in the Genus Phylloscopus

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Marchetti ◽  
Trevor Price ◽  
Adam Richman
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Wing Morphology ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
And Migration

scholarly journals Wing morphology, flight type and migration distance predict accumulated fuel load in birds

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. jeb183517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orsolya Vincze ◽  
Csongor I. Vágási ◽  
Péter László Pap ◽  
Colin Palmer ◽  
Anders Pape Møller
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Load ◽  
Wing Morphology ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
And Migration

The influence of wing morphology and echolocation on the gleaning ability of the insectivorous bat Myotis tricolor

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1854-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Stoffberg ◽  
David S Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wing Morphology ◽  
Echolocation Calls ◽  
Narrow Bandwidth ◽  
Mole Crickets ◽  
Wing Tips ◽  
Wing Tip

On the basis of its external morphology, Myotis tricolor (Temminck, 1832) should be able to both aerial-feed and glean. Furthermore, this bat is known to use broadband calls of short duration, reinforcing the prediction that it gleans. However, results from this study indicate that M. tricolor does not commonly glean. This conclusion was reached after studying the foraging behaviour of M. tricolor in a flight room. We presented M. tricolor with mealworms, moths, mole crickets, beetles, and cicadas in a variety of ways that required either gleaning and (or) aerial feeding. Although M. tricolor readily took tethered prey, it did not take any of the variety of insects presented to it in a manner that required gleaning. We therefore compared its wing morphology and echolocation calls with those of several known gleaners, Nycteris thebaica E. Geoffroy, 1818, Myotis lucifugus (Le Conte, 1831), and Myotis septentrionalis (Trouessart, 1897), and an aerial forager, Neoromicia capensis (A. Smith, 1829). In a discriminant analysis wing-tip shape was the only variable to provide some degree of discrimination between species, with M. tricolor having more pointed wing tips than the known gleaners. Discriminant analysis of echolocation-call parameters grouped M. tricolor with the other Myotis species and separated it from N. capensis and N. thebaica. However, M. tricolor did not use harmonics as did the other Myotis species. The apparent failure of M. tricolor to glean might therefore be due to its relatively pointed wings and narrow-bandwidth echolocation calls, owing to the absence of harmonics in its calls.

Influence of electric field intensity, ionic strength, and migration distance on the mobility and diffusion in DNA surface electrophoresis

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1312-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingquan Li ◽  
Xiaohua Fang ◽  
Haobin Luo ◽  
Eric Petersen ◽  
Young-Soo Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Electric Field Intensity ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
And Migration ◽  
And Diffusion

Microhabitat use and migration distance of an endangered grassland amphibian

2013 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Searcy ◽  
Emilio Gabbai-Saldate ◽  
H. Bradley Shaffer
Keyword(s):  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
And Migration

scholarly journals Population-level scaling of avian migration speed with body size and migration distance for powered fliers

Ecology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1839-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank A. La Sorte ◽  
Daniel Fink ◽  
Wesley M. Hochachka ◽  
John P. DeLong ◽  
Steve Kelling
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Migration Speed ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Avian Migration ◽  
And Migration

Potential impacts of climatic change on the breeding and non-breeding ranges and migration distance of EuropeanSylviawarblers

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1194-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Doswald ◽  
Stephen G. Willis ◽  
Yvonne C. Collingham ◽  
Deborah J. Pain ◽  
Rhys E. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
And Migration

scholarly journals The evolution of avian wing shape and previously unrecognized trends in covert feathering

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1816) ◽  
pp. 20151935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wang ◽  
Julia A. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Wing Morphology ◽  
Wing Loading ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Wing Tip ◽  
Plastic Character

Avian wing shape has been related to flight performance, migration, foraging behaviour and display. Historically, linear measurements of the feathered aerofoil and skeletal proportions have been used to describe this shape. While the distribution of covert feathers, layered over the anterior wing, has long been assumed to contribute to aerofoil properties, to our knowledge no previous studies of trends in avian wing shape assessed their variation. Here, these trends are explored using a geometric–morphometric approach with landmarks describing the wing outline as well as the extent of dorsal and ventral covert feathers for 105 avian species. We find that most of the observed variation is explained by phylogeny and ecology but shows only a weak relationship with previously described flight style categories, wing loading and an investigated set of aerodynamic variables. Most of the recovered variation is in greater primary covert feather extent, followed by secondary feather length and the shape of the wing tip. Although often considered a plastic character strongly linked to flight style, the estimated ancestral wing morphology is found to be generally conservative among basal parts of most major avian lineages. The radiation of birds is characterized by successive diversification into largely distinct areas of morphospace. However, aquatic taxa show convergence in feathering despite differences in flight style, and songbirds move into a region of morphospace also occupied by basal taxa but at markedly different body sizes. These results have implications for the proposed inference of flight style in extinct taxa.

Numerical Simulation of the Vegetation Effect on Tailing Sand Atmospheric Transport in Uranium Tailing Impoundment

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1613-1618
Author(s):  
Xiao Yong Peng ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Shuai Huang ◽  
Xu Sheng Chai ◽  
Lan Xia Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Uranium Tailings ◽  
Vegetation Effect

For two conditions of (non-) vegetation cover in uranium tailings beach face, the concentration distribution and settlement regularity of tailing sand with diameter of 10μm at speed of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 m/s was studied by numerical simulation method. Results shows, with the increase of wind speed and migration distance, particle concentration decreases. Compared with the non-vegetation cover condition, particles concentration in the condition of with vegetation cover is significantly higher than the condition that without vegetation cover; but along with the increase of horizontal distance, the concentration lowers than the latter gradually.

scholarly journals Migration and the evolution of sexual dichromatism: evolutionary loss of female coloration with migration among wood-warblers

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1809) ◽  
pp. 20150375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard K. Simpson ◽  
Michele A. Johnson ◽  
Troy G. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sexual Dichromatism ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Female Ornamentation ◽  
Wood Warblers ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Evolution Of Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Female Coloration

The mechanisms underlying evolutionary changes in sexual dimorphism have long been of interest to biologists. A striking gradient in sexual dichromatism exists among songbirds in North America, including the wood-warblers (Parulidae): males are generally more colourful than females at northern latitudes, while the sexes are similarly ornamented at lower latitudes. We use phylogenetically controlled comparative analysis to test three non-mutually exclusive hypotheses for the evolution of sexual dichromatism among wood-warblers. The first two hypotheses focus on the loss of female coloration with the evolution of migration, either owing to the costs imposed by visual predators during migration, or owing to the relaxation of selection for female social signalling at higher latitudes. The third hypothesis focuses on whether sexual dichromatism evolved owing to changes in male ornamentation as the strength of sexual selection increases with breeding latitude. To test these hypotheses, we compared sexual dichromatism to three variables: the presence of migration, migration distance, and breeding latitude. We found that the presence of migration and migration distance were both positively correlated with sexual dichromatism, but models including breeding latitude alone were not strongly supported. Ancestral state reconstruction supports the hypothesis that the ancestral wood-warblers were monochromatic, with both colourful males and females. Combined, these results are consistent with the hypotheses that the evolution of migration is associated with the relaxation of selection for social signalling among females and that there are increased predatory costs along longer migratory routes for colourful females. These results suggest that loss of female ornamentation can be a driver of sexual dichromatism and that social or natural selection may be a stronger contributor to variation in dichromatism than sexual selection.

scholarly journals Exploring Overlap of Feather Molting and Migration in Tundra Swans Using δ2H Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Nathan Wolf ◽  
T. Scott Smeltz ◽  
Jeffrey M. Welker ◽  
Matthew C. Rogers ◽  
Craig Ely
Keyword(s):  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Satellite Tracking ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Relative Timing ◽  
Breeding Area ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Breast Feather ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migrating Birds

AbstractDetermining the processes that shape the relative timing of energetically-costly events in the annual cycle of migrating birds is important to our understanding of avian phenology and ecology. We paired satellite tracking and hydrogen stable isotope analysis (δ2H) to examine the relative timing of two such events – migration and feather molting – in tundra swans from four breeding areas in Alaska, USA. Our results show a trend of increasing intra-individual variability in breast feather δ2H values with increasing migration distance, suggesting the overlap of breast feather molting and migration. However, when individual samples were pooled by breeding area, the δ2H values of breast and head feathers showed no trend with migration distance, presumably resulting from high levels of inter-individual variability in δ2H values within each breeding area. We explore potential reasons for this variability, propose potential mechanisms influencing feather δ2H values of tundra swans, and recommend further research into methods for exploring the temporal configuration of events in the annual cycle of migrating birds.

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