The Social Function of Eighteenth-Century Higher Education

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis Vine
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Function ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals Pertencimento e representação imagética: a negritude na universidade/ Belonging and imagetic representation: negritude in university

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 850-857
Author(s):  
Alice Fernandes De Andrade ◽  
Dandara Pereira Sousa ◽  
Lucas Chave Varela ◽  
Carla Regina Silva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Public University ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Beauty Care ◽  
Black Beauty

A imagem da capa é resultado dos ensaios fotográficos que tiveram como tema “Espelho, voz e potência”, realizados pelo projeto “Espaço Seguro: acolhimento e estratégias de enfrentamento às violências cotidianas do machismo e do racismo”, executado pela Terapia Ocupacional de uma universidade pública brasileira. Os ensaios fotográficos tiveram como intuito enaltecer a beleza negra, proporcionar cuidado e empoderamento de si e de suas potências. A atividade também teve como objetivo fortalecer o pertencimento do povo negro na expressão de sua cidadania na relação com o ensino superior, a importância da diversidade neste espaço e ressaltar a função social da universidade pública brasileira.Palavras-chave: Fotografia, Racismo, Sexismo, Terapia ocupacional.AbstractThe cover image is the result of photo essays, which theme was “Mirror, voice and power”, carried out in the project “Secure Space: welcoming and combat strategies to the daily violence of sexism and racism”, executed by the Occupational Therapy in a brazilian public university. The photo essays aimed to enhance the black beauty, care and empowerment of yourself and your potencies. The activity’s purpose was also reinforcing the black people's sense of belonging in the expression of their citizenship in relation to higher education, the importance of diversity in this space and to highlight the social function of the brazilian public university.Keywords: Photograph, Racism, Sexism, Occupational therapy.ResumenLa imagen de portada es el resultado de ensayos fotográficos, cuyo tema fue "Espejo, voz y poder", realizado en el proyecto "Espacio Seguro: estrategias de acogida y afrontamiento a la violencia cotidiana del machismo y el racismo", realizado por la Terapia Ocupacional de un universidad pública brasileña. Los ensayos fotográficos tenían la intención de ensalzar la belleza negra, proporcionar cuidado, cuidado y empoderamiento de ellos mismos y sus poderes. El propósito de la actividad de fortalecer la pertenencia de los negros en la expresión de su ciudadanía en relación con la educación superior, la importancia de la diversidad en este espacio y resaltar la función social de la universidad pública brasileña.Palabras clave: Fotografía, Racismo, Sexismo, Terapia ocupacional.

scholarly journals An Uneasy Pleasure: Representing the Dangers of Skin-to-skin Contact in Eighteenth-century London ‘The William Bynum Prize Essay’

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-511
Author(s):  
Sara Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Medical Writing ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Medical Tradition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Skin To Skin ◽  
Prize Essay

This article considers the social function of contagious disease as moderator of class relationships in England during the first half of the eighteenth century and takes into account the ways in which the ‘communicability’ of the plague, great pox (syphilis) and smallpox (variola) was used by authors to crystallise social interaction and tension along class lines. The essay begins by examining the representation of the plague, syphilis and smallpox in the medical tradition, before shifting its attention to the practice of maritime quarantine, as laid out by Richard Mead in his Short Discourse Concerning Pestilential Contagion (1720). By foregrounding medical writing on contagion through skin contact, I suggest that pornographic texts such as John Cleland’s The Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure (Fanny Hill) (1748) had an interventionist function. Cleland is often charged with sanitising the true horrors of sex work in this period. This article proposes that if we take the time to appreciate the way infectious cutaneous diseases were believed to operate and spread we can recognise the moments in which he not only alludes to disease but invokes it for structural and thematic purposes. In proposing this, I am challenging the dominant interpretation that the problematic realities of eighteenth-century prostitution, especially disease, are subordinated to the narrative’s greater interest in erotic pleasure.

Particles and Eighteenth Century Concepts of Chemical Combination

1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair M. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Personal Satisfaction ◽  
Scientific Societies ◽  
Mental Picture ◽  
Chemical Combination ◽  
The Social

In trying to understand why a chemist thought as he did, and drew one set of conclusions rather than another, probably the most important thing we need to know is what picture he had in mind of the way in which chemical reactions take place. There are, of course, many other things we need to know. For example, we need to know his social, economic and cultural circumstances, how he was educated and his ideas of the social function of science and in particular of chemistry; we need to know what scientific societies and institutions he belonged to and how they influenced him; and we need to know what he hoped to get out of his work in chemistry—fame or a living or personal satisfaction or a combination of two or three of those results. Indeed, it has become fashionable in recent years to consider those aspects rather than the nature of his actual chemical thought. Yet in the end, his mental picture of chemical change is surely the most important factor in determining what the chemist's results will be, and is therefore the most important factor for historians to understand.

Commitment to pro- versus counter-attitudinal behavior and the dynamics of social representations

2002 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Tafani ◽  
Lionel Souchet
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Dimensional Model ◽  
Students Attitudes

This research uses the counter-attitudinal essay paradigm ( Janis & King, 1954 ) to test the effects of social actions on social representations. Thus, students wrote either a pro- or a counter-attitudinal essay on Higher Education. Three forms of counter-attitudinal essays were manipulated countering respectively a) students’ attitudes towards higher education; b) peripheral beliefs or c) central beliefs associated with this representation object. After writing the essay, students expressed their attitudes towards higher education and evaluated different beliefs associated with it. The structural status of these beliefs was also assessed by a “calling into question” test ( Flament, 1994a ). Results show that behavior challenging either an attitude or peripheral beliefs induces a rationalization process, giving rise to minor modifications of the representational field. These modifications are only on the social evaluative dimension of the social representation. On the other hand, when the behavior challenges central beliefs, the same rationalization process induces a cognitive restructuring of the representational field, i.e., a structural change in the representation. These results and their implications for the experimental study of representational dynamics are discussed with regard to the two-dimensional model of social representations ( Moliner, 1994 ) and rationalization theory ( Beauvois & Joule, 1996 ).

Lord Dacre and the Politics of the Scottish Enlightenment

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
North East ◽  
The Social ◽  
Romantic Movement ◽  
Scottish History

Hugh Trevor-Roper (Lord Dacre) made several iconoclastic interventions in the field of Scottish history. These earned him a notoriety in Scottish circles which, while not undeserved, has led to the reductive dismissal of Trevor-Roper's ideas, particularly his controversial interpretation of the Scottish Enlightenment, as the product of Scotophobia. In their indignation Scottish historians have missed the wider issues which prompted Trevor-Roper's investigation of the Scottish Enlightenment as a fascinating case study in European cultural history. Notably, Trevor-Roper used the example of Scotland to challenge Weberian-inspired notions of Puritan progressivism, arguing instead that the Arminian culture of north-east Scotland had played a disproportionate role in the rise of the Scottish Enlightenment. Indeed, working on the assumption that the essence of Enlightenment was its assault on clerical bigotry, Trevor-Roper sought the roots of the Scottish Enlightenment in Jacobitism, the counter-cultural alternative to post-1690 Scotland's Calvinist Kirk establishment. Though easily misconstrued as a dogmatic conservative, Trevor-Roper flirted with Marxisant sociology, not least in his account of the social underpinnings of the Scottish Enlightenment. Trevor-Roper argued that it was the rapidity of eighteenth-century Scotland's social and economic transformation which had produced in one generation a remarkable body of political economy conceptualising social change, and in the next a romantic movement whose powers of nostalgic enchantment were felt across the breadth of Europe.

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