Geographical Trends in Breeding Parameters of Swallows Hirundo rustica and House Martins Delichon urbica

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Pape Moller
Keyword(s):  
Hirundo Rustica ◽  
Breeding Parameters ◽  
Delichon Urbica

First record of the parasitic louse fly Ornithomya comosa (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in Europe and western Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-359
Author(s):  
E.P. Nartshuk ◽  
A.V. Matyukhin ◽  
A.P. Shapoval
Keyword(s):  
West Siberia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Hirundo Rustica ◽  
Palaearctic Region ◽  
Curonian Spit ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
Delichon Urbica ◽  
First Time

The parasitic louse fly Ornithomya comosa (Austen, 1930) (Diptera, Hippoboscidae), known from the Oriental Region (India, Thailand, Nepal and Peninsular Malaysia) and Asian part of the Palaearctic Region (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, West Siberia of Russia and Japan), is found for the first time in Europe and in the western part of Russia (Curonian Spit). Flies were collected from the swallow species Hirundo rustica (Linnaeus, 1758) and Delichon urbica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hirundinidae). Two possible narratives for the occurrence of this fly in Europe are discussed.

Flexibility in flight behaviour of barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and house martins (Delichon urbica) tested in a wind tunnel

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (8) ◽  
pp. 1473-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bruderer ◽  
F. Liechti ◽  
D. Bilo
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Hirundo Rustica ◽  
Wingbeat Frequency ◽  
Flight Behaviour ◽  
Delichon Urbica ◽  
Gliding Flight ◽  
Mechanical Power Output ◽  
Intermittent Flight ◽  
Barn Swallows ◽  
Air Speed

The flight behaviour of barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) and house martins (Delichon urbica) was tested in a wind tunnel at 15 combinations of flight angles and speeds. In contrast to that of most other small passerines, the intermittent flight of hirundines rarely consists of regular patterns of flapping and rest phases. To vary mechanical power output, both species used intermittent flight, controlling the number of single, pulse-like wingbeats per unit time. House martins in descent tended to concentrate their wingbeats into bursts and performed true gliding flight during rest phases. Barn swallows mainly performed partial bounds during brief interruptions of upstrokes, which they progressively prolonged with decreasing flight angle. Thus, identification of distinct flapping phases to calculate wingbeat frequencies was not feasible. Instead, an effective wingbeat frequency for flight intervals of 20 s, including partial bounds, was introduced. The effective wingbeat frequencies of house martins (N=3) ranged from 2 to 10.5 s(−)(1), those of barn swallows (N=4) from 2.5 to 8.5 s(−)(1). In both hirundine species, effective wingbeat frequency was found to decrease almost linearly with decreasing flight angle. With changes in air speed, wingbeat frequency varied according to a U-shaped curve, suggesting a minimum power speed of roughly 9 m s(−)(1). The duration of the down- and upstrokes varied systematically depending on flight angle and air speed.

Flight speed, foraging efficiency, and daily energy budget of the Barn Swallow, Hirundo rustica

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1176-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horacio de la Cueva ◽  
Robert W. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Flight Speed ◽  
Hirundo Rustica ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Barn Swallow ◽  
Aerodynamic Model ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Energy Store ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Barn Swallows

Aerodynamic power equations predict optimal speeds at which birds ought to fly if they are to maximize time spent in the air on a given energy store (minimum power speed, Vmp), distance covered using a given amount of fuel (maximum range speed, Vmr), and rate of delivering food to the chicks in the nest (Vnest), or maximize the daily energy balance (VDBAL). With the aerodynamic model employed, these speeds are 5.3, 7.0, 7.9, and 8.9 m∙s−1, respectively, for the Barn Swallow, Hirundo rustica. A comparison of the predicted flight speed with both the mean and median flight speeds (8 m∙s−1 in both cases; n = 821) recorded with Doppler radar indicates that Barn Swallows fly at speeds not significantly different from Vnest. The true sample size was unknown, and realistic sample sizes are drawn with bootstrap procedures and compared with those given by the number of measurements (821); no significant differences were found. To test the model, energy requirements for growth, prey density, and time spent foraging were varied independently in a sensitivity analysis. Large but realistic changes in these three variables do not contradict the model and predict speeds within the range measured in the field.

Fitness costs of an immune response in the house martin (Delichon urbica)

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1573-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Marzal ◽  
Maribel Reviriego ◽  
Florentino de Lope ◽  
Anders Pape Møller
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Delichon Urbica ◽  
House Martin

scholarly journals Endemic Cyprus Scops Owl Otus cyprius Readily Breeds in Artificial Nest Boxes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1775
Author(s):  
Savvas Iezekiel ◽  
Reuven Yosef ◽  
Constantinos Themistokleus ◽  
Dimitrios E. Bakaloudis ◽  
Christos G. Vlachos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Artificial Nests ◽  
Breeding Parameters ◽  
Island Endemic ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Old Trees

As is well-known, endemic island bird species are especially vulnerable to extinction from anthropogenic environmental change and reduced fitness compared with mainland taxa. The Cyprus Scops Owl, Otus cyprius, is a recently recognized island endemic species whose ecology and breeding biology have not been studied. It nests mainly in holes in trees and buildings, so the felling of old trees, modern architectural practices, and the renovation of old houses in villages may reduce nest site availability. Its population trend is also unknown. Therefore, to better determine its ecological requirements and habitat preferences we placed nest boxes in rural areas adjacent to the forest, in the forest, and in the ecotone between them, and used breeding success as our indicator of habitat suitability. We found that breeding parameters like laying date, clutch size, length of the incubation period, hatching day, hatching success, and number of nestlings did not differ between the three habitats. Despite the low level of nest box occupancy rate (5–11%) the endemic Cyprus Scops Owl readily breeds in artificial nests. Therefore, although we are unaware of any current threats to the Cyprus Scops Owl, we recommend that its conservation be prioritized, including studies, monitoring, habitat conservation, and the provision of nest boxes.

DYNAMICS OF THE MAIN BREEDING PARAMETERS OF THE KABARDIN HORSE BREED RECORDED IN VOLUME VIII OF THE STATE STUD BOOK

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (93) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Kh.K. Amshokov ◽  
◽  
M.Kh. Zhekamukhov ◽  
A.D. Khaudov ◽  
O.A. Batyrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Horse Breed ◽  
Breeding Parameters ◽  
Volume Viii
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