Ischnura posita (Hagen) and Telebasis salva (Hagen) (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) as Potential Fungal Dispersal Agents

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Frye ◽  
J. V. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Dispersal Agents ◽  
Telebasis Salva

Detached Seaweeds as Important Dispersal Agents Across the Southern Ocean

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erasmo C. Macaya ◽  
Fadia Tala ◽  
Iván A. Hinojosa ◽  
Eva Rothäusler
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Dispersal Agents

scholarly journals Invasive Lantana camara L. Shrub in Ethiopia: Ecology, Threat, and Suggested Management Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firew Bekele Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Dire Dawa ◽  
Dispersal Agents ◽  
Agricultural Loss

Lantana camara L. is one of the worst invasive alien species that are categorized worldwide. The objective of this review paper was to review the dispersal and threats posed by Lantana camara L. in Ethiopia and based on review results, to suggest management strategies that can bring solutions to the threats posed by the weed. Both biological characteristics of Lantana camara L. and its dispersal agents have contributed to the success of its dispersal. Even though Lantana camara L. is dispersed in other places within Ethiopia, Debrezeit, Dire Dawa, Harar and Somali are the hotspot areas for the weed. Biodiversity and potential agricultural loss, human and animal health problems and infestation in national parks are the identified threats that Lantana camara L. posed within the country. Utilization of Lantana camara L. for various purposes, prevention of its further dispersal into non-infected areas, use of fire, mechanical and biological control and awareness creation are the suggested management strategies that can bring solutions to the threats posed by the weed within the country.

scholarly journals Endozoochory of Chrysobalanus icaco (Cocoplum) by Gopherus polyphemus (Gopher Tortoise) facilitates rapid germination and colonization in a suburban nature preserve

AoB Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J Hanish ◽  
Sebastian Velez ◽  
Jon A Moore ◽  
Corey Devin Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Gopher Tortoise ◽  
Gopherus Polyphemus ◽  
Nature Preserve ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dispersal Agents

Abstract Some large-seeded plants lack effective seed dispersal agents when they are introduced as ornamental plants to new areas, but can rapidly colonize a landscape if seed dispersal functions are restored. We examined whether Gopherus polyphemus (Gopher Tortoise) facilitated the spread of Chrysobalanus icaco (Cocoplum; Chrysobalanaceae) over a 14-year period in a suburban nature preserve (in Jupiter, FL, USA) by: (i) comparing germination patterns among gut-passed, hand-depulped and whole fruit treatments, and (ii) testing hypotheses about environmental predictors of the spatial distribution of C. icaco, including information about G. polyphemus movement pathways and burrow locations. While we did not find a significant difference in the total proportion of C. icaco seeds that germinated in each treatment, time to event analysis revealed that seeds that were found in faeces germinated significantly earlier than seeds that were hand-depulped or that were planted as whole fruits, supporting a lone scarification effect. Point process modeling revealed that the density of C. icaco bushes was higher near G. polyphemus movement pathways and was lower inside Serenoa repens (Saw Palmetto) patches, supporting a positive effect of tortoise movement patterns on plant distributions. The density of C. icaco increased from west to east, consistent with westward dispersal from the four founder bushes on the east side of the study area. After removal of outliers, we also detected a negative association between C. icaco spatial density and G. polyphemus burrow density that was presumably explained by the fact that seeds defecated deep within burrows were unlikely to germinate and establish without secondary movement. The results suggest that G. polyphemus contributed to the rapid dispersal of C. icaco by scatter dispersal of seeds (via faeces) in areas where tortoises were active and that movement pathways provided suitable conditions for colonization. The spread of C. icaco by G. polyphemus over a relatively short period of time provides a valuable window into the earliest stages of the colonization process and further supports the role of Chelonians as effective seed dispersal agents for large-seeded plants.

Interspecific synchrony and asynchrony in the fruiting phenologies of congeneric bird-dispersed plants in Panama

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Poulin ◽  
S. Joseph Wright ◽  
Gaëtan Lefebvre ◽  
Osvaldo Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Null Model ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Critical Resource ◽  
Resident Populations ◽  
Dispersal Agents ◽  
Central Panama ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Plants potentially compete for seed dispersal. Selection may favour temporally segregated fruiting phenologies to minimize this competition and also to maintain resident populations of dispersal agents. Alternatively, selection may favour temporally aggregated fruiting phenologies when the effectiveness of seed dispersal agents varies seasonally or when large, synchronous fruit displays enhance dispersal. These evolutionary scenarios assume that plants share seed dispersal agents. This assumption and temporal overlap in fruiting phenologies were evaluated for the Miconia and Psychotria of central Panama. These two genera accounted for 18 and 27%, respectively, of 1096 fleshy fruits found in regurgitation or faecal samples taken from 2054 birds of 103 species netted in the forest understorey. Two species of manakins accounted for 62% (123/200) of all Miconia fruit taken. Three species of manakins and three species of migratory thrushes accounted for 97% (282/292) of all Psychotria fruits taken. There is a high potential for intrageneric competition for seed dispersal for both plant genera. Null model analyses showed that the fruiting phenologies of Miconia (14 species) are segregated in time, while fruiting of Psychotria (21 species) is highly aggregated. The Miconia were found in up to 24% of the diet samples for the two manakin species, suggesting that Miconia may be a critical resource for both species. The Psychotria fruited when the diversity of understorey fruits was greatest, suggesting a high potential for both intra- and extrageneric competition. The abundance and nomadism of the six bird species that consumed most Psychotria fruit peaked when the Psychotria fruited, supporting the enhancement hypothesis.

INSULAR BIOTA AND DISPERSAL AGENTS

Science ◽  
1929 ◽  
Vol 70 (1820) ◽  
pp. 483-484
Author(s):  
A. P. Jacot
Keyword(s):  
Dispersal Agents

scholarly journals Seed dispersal agents of two Ficus species in a disturbed tropical forest

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin S.-H. Peh ◽  
Fong Lin Chong
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Dispersal Agents
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