Time and Energy Budgets of the Red-Tailed Hawk in Southern California

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Lynn Soltz
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Time And Energy

Time and Energy Budgets for Dayroosting in a Maternity Colony of Myotis lucifugus

1981 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Burnett ◽  
Peter V. August
Keyword(s):  
Myotis Lucifugus ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Time And Energy

Time and energy budgets of Cassin's sparrow (Aimophila cassinii) during the breeding season: evaluation through modelling

1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 285-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Schnase ◽  
William E. Grant ◽  
Terry C. Maxwell ◽  
John J. Leggett
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Time And Energy

Energy Invested in Reproduction by Thick-Billed Murres (Uria lomvia)

The Auk ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Cepphus Grylle ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time And Energy

Abstract Pelagic seabirds that lay single-egg clutches have been thought to invest less energy in reproduction than inshore-feeding species that rear more than one young. To examine this idea I calculated time and energy budgets for Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) breeding at two large arctic colonies and compared their energy expenditure with that of a hypothetical group (shirkers) that was capable of feeding at the same rate but did not attempt any reproductive activity. The difference in energy investment between breeders and shirkers was strongly dependent on the average foraging range. I also compared my results with similar estimates for inshore-feeding Black Guillemots (Cepphus grylle). For the two Thick-billed Murre colonies, energy allocated to reproduction represented 30% and 24% of total energy expenditure during the breeding season. These values exceed the estimates for Black Guillemots. The amount of energy invested by Thick-billed Murres at the colonies considered probably is similar to that invested by other seabirds laying larger clutches and rearing heavier young.

scholarly journals The energetic cost of parasitism in a wild population

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1879) ◽  
pp. 20180489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Hicks ◽  
Sarah J. Burthe ◽  
Francis Daunt ◽  
Mark Newell ◽  
Adam Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Energetic Cost ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Flight Duration ◽  
Flight Costs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time And Energy

Parasites have profound fitness effects on their hosts, yet these are often sub-lethal, making them difficult to understand and quantify. A principal sub-lethal mechanism that reduces fitness is parasite-induced increase in energetic costs of specific behaviours, potentially resulting in changes to time and energy budgets. However, quantifying the influence of parasites on these costs has not been undertaken in free-living animals. We used accelerometers to estimate energy expenditure on flying, diving and resting, in relation to a natural gradient of endo-parasite loads in a wild population of European shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis . We found that flight costs were 10% higher in adult females with higher parasite loads and these individuals spent 44% less time flying than females with lower parasite loads. There was no evidence for an effect of parasite load on daily energy expenditure, suggesting the existence of an energy ceiling, with the increase in cost of flight compensated for by a reduction in flight duration. These behaviour specific costs of parasitism will have knock-on effects on reproductive success, if constraints on foraging behaviour detrimentally affect provisioning of young. The findings emphasize the importance of natural parasite loads in shaping the ecology and life-history of their hosts, which can have significant population level consequences.

Time and energy budgets of breeding males and females in sandgrouse Pterocles species

Ibis ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHELLEY A. HINSLEY ◽  
PETER N. FERNS
Keyword(s):  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Time And Energy

Time and Energy Budgets of Territorial Hummingbirds

Ecology ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 980-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry L. Wolf ◽  
F. Reed Hainsworth
Keyword(s):  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Time And Energy
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