Effects of Darkness on Egg Deposition by Etheostoma lepidum Females

1965 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clark Hubbs ◽  
Paulette S. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Egg Deposition

Male-biased sex ratio in Argulus canadensis Wilson, 1916 (Crustacea: Branchiura) ectoparasitic on sticklebacks

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 2078-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Poulin ◽  
Gerard J. FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fish Hosts

Females of the ectoparasitic crustacean Argulus canadensis must leave their fish hosts at least temporarily to deposit their eggs on the substrate. To test the hypothesis that this difference in reproductive behaviour between the two sexes could result in male-biased sex ratios on their stickleback hosts, we sampled sticklebacks in tide pools of a Quebec salt marsh from early July to early September 1986. During this period, fish harboured significantly more male than female A. canadensis. Laboratory experiments were done to test two alternative hypotheses offered to explain this biased sex ratio. The first hypothesis was that male A. canadensis were more successful than females in attacking their stickleback hosts; however, we found no differences in attack success on their hosts between the two parasite sexes. The second hypothesis was that sticklebacks ate more female than male A. canadensis. Although males were less vulnerable to fish predation than females, the difference was not significant. We conclude that sexual differences in reproductive behaviour, i.e., egg deposition behaviour of females, can account for the male-biased sex ratio of A. canadensis on sticklebacks.

scholarly journals Structural comparison of the rostra of two species of weevils coexisting on Ailanthus altissima: the response to ecological demands of egg deposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganyu Zhang ◽  
Wenjuan Guo ◽  
Xiaoyi Wang ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Jin Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Ailanthus Altissima ◽  
Structural Comparison ◽  
Structural Differentiation ◽  
Functional Potential ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Oviposition Sites

Abstract Background Elongated rostra play an important role in the egg-laying of weevils, and its emergence plays a key role in the adaptive radiation of weevils. Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus Motschulsky and E. brandti Harold co-occur on the same only host Ailanthus altissima, while their oviposition sites are different. In order to understand the adaptation between the rostra of the two weevils and their oviposition sites, the structural differentiation of the rostra in E. scrobiculatus and E. brandti was compared. Results The present study reveals that: (1) The rostra length of E. scrobiculatus and E. brandti was found to be correlated with body size, larger weevils have a correspondingly longer rostrum. The increase of rostra length may be a byproduct of larger weevils. (2) There were significant differences in the external shape of the two rostra, especially the shape of the mandibles of the mouthparts at the apex of the rostra used to excavate an oviposition cavity. (3) There was no difference in the size of the abductor muscles that control the extension of the mandibles, but there were significant differences in the size of the adductor muscles that control the contraction of the mandibles. Conclusions These structural differences reflect the functional potential ovipositional tactics of rostra, which is considered to be a response to the ecological demands of egg deposition, and also provide new insights into the coexistence of two weevil species in the same host A. altissima.

scholarly journals First record of cuttlefish egg-deposition at an in situ coral nursery

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Qin SAM ◽  
Daisuke TAIRA ◽  
Chin Soon Lionel NG ◽  
Tai Chong TOH ◽  
Loke Ming CHOU
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Egg Deposition

The tadpole of Afrixalus knysnae (Loveridge) (Anura: Hyperoliidae), with comments on reproductive biology

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4521 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
FERDI DE LANGE ◽  
LOUIS DU PREEZ
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
East Central ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Unique Approach

Leaf–folding frogs of the genus Afrixalus comprise 33 species across South-East, Central and West Africa (Frost 2018) with tadpoles being described for Afrixalus aureus Pickersgill, A. delicatus Pickersgill, A. dorsalis (Peters), A. fornassinii (Bianconi), A. fulvovittatus (Cope), A. laevis (Ahl), A. morerei Dubois, A. nigeriensis Schiøtz, A. spinifrons (Cope), A. stuhlmanni (Pfeffer), A. uluguruensis (Barbour & Loveridge), A. vibekensis Schiøtz, A. vittiger Peters, and A. weidholzi (Mertens) (see Pickersgill 2005; Channing et al. 2012). Members of the genus have a unique approach to egg deposition, laying their eggs on soft-leaved hydrophytes. The male folds or rolls the leaf with his hind legs into a sheath following oviposition and fertilisation (Rose 1950; Wager 1954; Du Preez & Carruthers 2017), excreting an adhesive substance and enclosing the eggs within while the “glue” cures (Rose 1950, Wager 1954, authors pers. obs.). 

Insectivorous Birds Are Attracted by Plant Traits Induced by Insect Egg Deposition

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1127-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Mäntylä ◽  
Sven Kleier ◽  
Carita Lindstedt ◽  
Silke Kipper ◽  
Monika Hilker
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
Insectivorous Birds ◽  
Insect Egg ◽  
Egg Deposition

Selection of sites for egg deposition and spawning dynamics in the waccamaw darter

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Lindquist ◽  
John R. Shute ◽  
Peggy W. Shute ◽  
L. Michael Jones
Keyword(s):  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Selection Of

A CAMBRIAN MERASPID CLUSTER: EVIDENCE OF TRILOBITE EGG DEPOSITION IN A NEST SITE

Palaios ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID R. SCHWIMMER ◽  
WILLIAM M. MONTANTE
Keyword(s):  
Nest Site ◽  
Egg Deposition

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Egg Deposition of the European Mantis

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Joanna Kajzer-Bonk
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Predatory Insect ◽  
Egg Case ◽  
Potential Tool

In this paper, we studied the egg-case (oothecae) deposition of the European mantis, Mantis religiosa (Linnaeus 1758), a predatory insect. We hypothesized that the height of ootheca deposition on a plant reflects the insolation requirements of the species, and would increase when plant cover is denser. We found that the taller the plants nearby, the greater the height of egg deposition. Oothecae were also oviposited higher in denser vegetation. The observed behavior may ensure the proper insolation of developing offspring. To our knowledge, this is the first description of an egg laying strategy of this species under natural conditions. This finding allows for a better understanding of habitat selection and the overall ecology of the European mantis. It may be also useful in identifying the mechanisms of the range extension of this species and is a potential tool to effectively conserve xerothermic ootheca-laying animals. Further studies are required to assess the flexibility of this behavior under different environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Agasicles hygrophila attack increases nerolidol synthase gene expression in Alternanthera philoxeroides, facilitating host finding

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanxin Wang ◽  
Yanhong Liu ◽  
Xingchun Wang ◽  
Dong Jia ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Terpene Synthase ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Plant Volatile ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Plant Volatile Compounds

Abstract Herbivorous insects use plant volatile compounds to find their host plants for feeding and egg deposition. The monophagous beetle Agasicles hygrophila uses a volatile (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonanetriene (DMNT) to recognize its host plant Alternanthera philoxeroides. Alternanthera philoxeroides releases DMNT in response to A. hygrophila attack and nerolidol synthase (NES) is a key enzyme in DMNT biosynthesis; however, the effect of A. hygrophila on NES expression remains unclear. In this study, the A. philoxeroides transcriptome was sequenced and six putative NES genes belonging to the terpene synthase-g family were characterized. The expression of these NES genes was assayed at different times following A. hygrophila contact, feeding or mechanical wounding. Results showed that A. hygrophila contact and feeding induced NES expression more rapidly and more intensely than mechanical wounding alone. This may account for a large release of DMNT following A. hygrophila feeding in a previous study and subsequently facilitate A. hygrophila to find host plants. Our research provides a powerful genetic platform for studying invasive plants and lays the foundation for further elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between A. philoxeroides and its specialist A. hygrophila.

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