Spermatozoa and Sperm Aggregates in the Vestimentiferan Lamellibrachia luymesi Compared With Those of Riftia pachyptila (Polychaeta: Siboglinidae: Vestimentifera)

2005 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Marotta ◽  
Giulio Melone ◽  
Monika Bright ◽  
Marco Ferraguti
Keyword(s):  
Riftia Pachyptila ◽  
Lamellibrachia Luymesi

scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization of LTR retrotransposons in the non-model deep-sea annelid Lamellibrachia luymesi

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluchi Aroh ◽  
Kenneth M. Halanych
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Ltr Retrotransposons ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Lamellibrachia Luymesi ◽  
Vestimentiferan Tubeworm ◽  
Retrotransposon Activity

Abstract Background Long Terminal Repeat retrotransposons (LTR retrotransposons) are mobile genetic elements composed of a few genes between terminal repeats and, in some cases, can comprise over half of a genome’s content. Available data on LTR retrotransposons have facilitated comparative studies and provided insight on genome evolution. However, data are biased to model systems and marine organisms, including annelids, have been underrepresented in transposable elements studies. Here, we focus on genome of Lamellibrachia luymesi, a vestimentiferan tubeworm from deep-sea hydrocarbon seeps, to gain knowledge of LTR retrotransposons in a deep-sea annelid. Results We characterized LTR retrotransposons present in the genome of L. luymesi using bioinformatic approaches and found that intact LTR retrotransposons makes up about 0.1% of L. luymesi genome. Previous characterization of the genome has shown that this tubeworm hosts several known LTR-retrotransposons. Here we describe and classify LTR retrotransposons in L. luymesi as within the Gypsy, Copia and Bel-pao superfamilies. Although, many elements fell within already recognized families (e.g., Mag, CSRN1), others formed clades distinct from previously recognized families within these superfamilies. However, approximately 19% (41) of recovered elements could not be classified. Gypsy elements were the most abundant while only 2 Copia and 2 Bel-pao elements were present. In addition, analysis of insertion times indicated that several LTR-retrotransposons were recently transposed into the genome of L. luymesi, these elements had identical LTR’s raising possibility of recent or ongoing retrotransposon activity. Conclusions Our analysis contributes to knowledge on diversity of LTR-retrotransposons in marine settings and also serves as an important step to assist our understanding of the potential role of retroelements in marine organisms. We find that many LTR retrotransposons, which have been inserted in the last few million years, are similar to those found in terrestrial model species. However, several new groups of LTR retrotransposons were discovered suggesting that the representation of LTR retrotransposons may be different in marine settings. Further study would improve understanding of the diversity of retrotransposons across animal groups and environments.

scholarly journals Polyclonal symbiont populations in hydrothermal vent tubeworms and the environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1896) ◽  
pp. 20181281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Polzin ◽  
Philip Arevalo ◽  
Thomas Nussbaumer ◽  
Martin F. Polz ◽  
Monika Bright
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Partner Choice ◽  
Sequence Variability ◽  
Riftia Pachyptila ◽  
Free Living ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Dominant Genotype

Horizontally transmitted symbioses usually house multiple and variable symbiont genotypes that are acquired from a much more diverse environmental pool via partner choice mechanisms. However, in the deep-sea hydrothermal vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila (Vestimentifera, Siboglinidae), it has been suggested that the Candidatus Endoriftia persephone symbiont is monoclonal. Here, we show with high-coverage metagenomics that adult R. pachyptila house a polyclonal symbiont population consisting of one dominant and several low-frequency variants. This dominance of one genotype is confirmed by multilocus gene sequencing of amplified housekeeping genes in a broad range of host individuals where three out of four loci ( atpA , uvrD and recA ) revealed no genomic differences, while one locus ( gyrB ) was more diverse in adults than in juveniles. We also analysed a metagenome of free-living Endoriftia and found that the free-living population showed greater sequence variability than the host-associated population. Most juveniles and adults shared a specific dominant genotype, while other genotypes can dominate in few individuals. We suggest that although generally permissive, partner choice is selective enough to restrict uptake of some genotypes present in the environment.

scholarly journals Host-Microbe Interactions in the Chemosynthetic Riftia pachyptila Symbiosis

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjorven Hinzke ◽  
Manuel Kleiner ◽  
Corinna Breusing ◽  
Horst Felbeck ◽  
Robert Häsler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Riftia Pachyptila ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intracellular Symbiont ◽  
Energy Limitation ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Substrate Transfer

ABSTRACT The deep-sea tubeworm Riftia pachyptila lacks a digestive system but completely relies on bacterial endosymbionts for nutrition. Although the symbiont has been studied in detail on the molecular level, such analyses were unavailable for the animal host, because sequence information was lacking. To identify host-symbiont interaction mechanisms, we therefore sequenced the Riftia transcriptome, which served as a basis for comparative metaproteomic analyses of symbiont-containing versus symbiont-free tissues, both under energy-rich and energy-limited conditions. Our results suggest that metabolic interactions include nutrient allocation from symbiont to host by symbiont digestion and substrate transfer to the symbiont by abundant host proteins. We furthermore propose that Riftia maintains its symbiont by protecting the bacteria from oxidative damage while also exerting symbiont population control. Eukaryote-like symbiont proteins might facilitate intracellular symbiont persistence. Energy limitation apparently leads to reduced symbiont biomass and increased symbiont digestion. Our study provides unprecedented insights into host-microbe interactions that shape this highly efficient symbiosis. IMPORTANCE All animals are associated with microorganisms; hence, host-microbe interactions are of fundamental importance for life on earth. However, we know little about the molecular basis of these interactions. Therefore, we studied the deep-sea Riftia pachyptila symbiosis, a model association in which the tubeworm host is associated with only one phylotype of endosymbiotic bacteria and completely depends on this sulfur-oxidizing symbiont for nutrition. Using a metaproteomics approach, we identified both metabolic interaction processes, such as substrate transfer between the two partners, and interactions that serve to maintain the symbiotic balance, e.g., host efforts to control the symbiont population or symbiont strategies to modulate these host efforts. We suggest that these interactions are essential principles of mutualistic animal-microbe associations.

The enzymes involved in synthesis and utilization of carbamylphosphate in the deep-sea tube worm Riftia pachyptila

2000 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Simon ◽  
C. Purcarea ◽  
K. Sun ◽  
J. Joseph ◽  
G. Frebourg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Riftia Pachyptila

ATP sulfurylase from trophosome tissue of Riftia pachyptila (hydrothermal vent tube worm)

1991 ◽  
Vol 290 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Renosto ◽  
Robert L. Martin ◽  
Jeffrey L. Borrell ◽  
Douglas C. Nelson ◽  
Irwin H. Segel
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Riftia Pachyptila ◽  
Atp Sulfurylase ◽  
Vent Tube

Wide bacterial diversity associated with tubes of the vent worm Riftia pachyptila

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purificacion Lopez-Garcia ◽  
Francoise Gaill ◽  
David Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Riftia Pachyptila
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document