scholarly journals Antenatal HIV Screening and Treatment in South Africa: Social Norms and Policy Options

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Memoona Hasnain
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Policy Options

Religion, Gender Norms and Campus Rape Culture: Building Resistance from Below

Politeia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Palm
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Gendered Violence ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Religious Formation ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
South African Higher Education

In recent years, protests against campus rape culture at South African higher education institutions have attracted public attention. Despite strong constitutional provisions, a culture of sexual and gendered violence remains endemic in South Africa. In the light of the gap between legal forms and social norms, this article argues for building socio-political resistance from below that starts with exploring the lived experiences of young women. It therefore introduces the voice of one ordinary student who inhabits these spaces. She highlights the need for attention to be paid to the gendered social norms that underpin this culture of sexual violence, the possibilities of engaging men as allies and the important but ambiguous role of the Christian religion. Research suggests that bystanders like her can become important agents of change. The article concludes that the connections between hierarchical gender norms, religious formation and rape culture need further empirical engagement in South Africa if their power-laden roots are to be disrupted and reimagined.

scholarly journals Mobile HIV Screening in Cape Town, South Africa: Clinical Impact, Cost and Cost-Effectiveness

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e85197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid V. Bassett ◽  
Darshini Govindasamy ◽  
Alison S. Erlwanger ◽  
Emily P. Hyle ◽  
Katharina Kranzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Impact Cost

scholarly journals Findings from a novel and scalable community-based HIV testing approach to reduce the time required to complete point-of-care HIV testing in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonderai Mabuto ◽  
Geoffrey Setswe ◽  
Nolundi Mshweshwe-Pakela ◽  
Dave Clark ◽  
Sarah Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Intervention Team

Abstract Background Mobile HIV testing approaches are a key to reaching the global targets of halting the HIV epidemic by 2030. Importantly, the number of clients reached through mobile HIV testing approaches, need to remain high to maintain the cost-effectiveness of these approaches. Advances in rapid in-vitro tests such as INSTI® HIV-1/HIV-2 (INSTI) which uses flow-through technologies, offer opportunities to reduce the HIV testing time to about one minute. Using data from a routine mobile HTS programme which piloted the use of the INSTI point-of-care (POC) test, we sought to estimate the effect of using a faster test on client testing volumes and the number of people identified to be living with HIV, in comparison with standard of care HIV rapid tests. Methods In November 2019, one out of four mobile HTS teams operating in Ekurhuleni District (South Africa) was randomly selected to pilot the field use of INSTI-POC test as an HIV screening test (i.e., the intervention team). We compared the median number of clients tested for HIV and the number of HIV-positive clients by the intervention team with another mobile HTS team (matched on performance and area of operation) which used the standard of care (SOC) HIV screening test (i.e., SOC team). Results From 19 to 20 December 2019, the intervention team tested 7,403 clients, and the SOC team tested 2,426 clients. The intervention team tested a median of 442 (IQR: 288–522) clients/day; SOC team tested a median of 97 (IQR: 40–187) clients/day (p<0.0001). The intervention team tested about 180 more males/day compared to the SOC team, and the median number of adolescents and young adults tested/day by the intervention team were almost four times the number tested by the SOC team. The intervention team identified a higher number of HIV-positive clients compared to the SOC team (142 vs. 88), although the proportion of HIV-positive clients was lower in the intervention team due to the higher number of clients tested. Conclusions This pilot programme provides evidence of high performance and high reach, for men and young people through the use of faster HIV rapid tests, by trained lay counsellors in mobile HTS units.

Posthumous control of copyright, its limitations and the public interest

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-62
Author(s):  
Desmond Osaretin Oriakhogba ◽  
Gloria Kanwulia Adeola-Adedipe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Control ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
Shed Light

Conducted as a desk research, this paper examines the interface between copyright and succession laws, the notion of testamentary freedom, its limitations and justification for its restriction. The paper draws on this examination to discuss the freedom of authors to dispose their copyright under testate and intestate arrangements, and posthumously control the use of their works under the Nigerian Copyright Act. Following this discussion, the paper identifies and examines the relevant provisions of the Copyright Act that can limit the capacity of authors to posthumously control the use of their works in Nigeria. The paper contends that authors’ liberty to transfer their copyright by testamentary disposition or operation of law, and control the use of their works posthumously, without public interest friendly limitations, can create an imbalance within the copyright system. This paper addresses the issues of whether public interest objectives may be achieved through the limitation in the extant Copyright Act, especially given the propensity for copyright misuse by authors in death, as well as during their lifetime, and what policy options may align the public interest with authors’ posthumous control of copyright. In resolving these questions, the paper draws on instances of copyright misuse in the United States of America (USA) and South Africa and situates them within the Nigerian context to shed light on the issues discussed.

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