Repair in Mouse Lung between Multiple Small Doses of X Rays

1983 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Travis ◽  
C. S. Parkins ◽  
J. D. Down ◽  
J. F. Fowler ◽  
H. D. Thames
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Lung ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Small Doses

Late effects of fractionated pi-mesons compared to X rays on mouse lung

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1175-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert J. van der Kogel ◽  
John C. Martin ◽  
Alfred R. Smith ◽  
Mudundi R. Raju
Keyword(s):  
Late Effects ◽  
Mouse Lung ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Pi Mesons

A study of the effect of X-rays on the electrical properties of mammalian nerve and muscle

1963 ◽  
Vol 157 (969) ◽  
pp. 536-561 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
End Plate ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Motor End Plate

Resting potentials, action potentials, and miniature end-plate potentials have been re­corded from isolated phrenic-diaphragm preparations of the rat during and after irradiation with X-rays. Relatively small doses of a few thousand roentgens have no obvious effect on the preparation for many hours but larger doses, of the order of 70 to 150 kr irreversibly block neuromuscular transmission. The block is not accompanied by any change in the size of action potentials, resting potentials, membrane constants or miniature potentials recorded in the muscle with intracellular electrodes, or in the size of action potentials recorded in the nerve. Records made at the motor end-plate show that the cause of the block is a ‘pre-synaptic ’ failure of impulse propagation in the intramuscular part of the nerve. The time course of the failure depends largely on the rate at which X-rays are delivered to the pre­paration: at a high dose-rate (70kr/min) the block develops rapidly and is accompanied by an increase in the frequency of miniature potentials; at a low dose-rate (7 kr/min) larger doses are required, the latency is longer and the miniature potentials continue at a normal frequency. The sequence in which different parts of the muscle become blocked, the abrupt nature of the failure at an individual motor end-plate, and the increase in frequency of the miniature potentials together suggest that the action of X-rays is to block conduction in the nerve near its terminals, possibly by depolarizing points where the axons branch and the safety factor for the propagation of impulses is low. The results reported in this paper do not support the hypotheses that small doses of X-rays at a high or a low dose-rate lead to an initial 'enhancement' of function or that they produce immediate and reversible changes in the permeability of excitable membranes to ions.

Repair in Mouse Lung after Split Doses of X Rays

1981 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Travis ◽  
J. D. Down
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Lung ◽  
X Rays

scholarly journals STUDIES ON X-RAY EFFECTS

1921 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waro Nakahara ◽  
James B. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Ray Effects ◽  
Lymphoid Proliferation ◽  
Marked Suppression

Mice treated with small doses of x-rays and inoculated with cancer immediately afterwards, show a marked suppression of lymphoid proliferation. If, however, the cancer inoculation is made 7 days after the exposure to x-rays, thus permitting the primary lymphoid stimulation known to occur soon after the x-ray treatment to arise, a second stimulation takes place in a large proportion of mice thus inoculated. Changes in the blood of mice x-rayed and inoculated with cancer 7 days afterwards show that the state of resistance to cancer inoculation is attended by blood lymphocytosis, as is the case in all other varieties of immunity to transplanted cancer so far studied.

scholarly journals THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF NEUTRONS AND X-RAYS ON THE WHOLE BODY

1937 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Lawrence ◽  
Robert Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Average Daily Dose ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Tolerance Dose ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Small Doses

Irradiation of the whole bodies of mice with neutron rays in sufficient quantities, leads to a clinical, bacteriological and anatomical picture similar to that following Roentgen irradiation. The mucosa of the small intestine and the lymphoid and hemapoietic tissues are the most radiosensitive. The mechanism of death after both forms of radiation seems to be a combination of tissue destruction and enterogenous infection, the former predominating in the acute deaths after large doses. Aside from any possible delayed effects from exposure to small doses over a long period of time, concerning which we have no information, these changes after relatively large doses make it imperative that workers in laboratories generating neutrons protect themselves from exposure by screening. For the same amount of ionization measured by a small bakelite-walled thimble chamber, neutrons are more biologically destructive than x-rays. The average daily dose to those working with neutrons should not exceed one-fourth of the tolerance dose accepted for x-rays. Whether daily doses of this magnitude, over a long period of time, will result in damage is not known. Also, if neutrons are tried therapeutically normal tissue must be protected from undue irradiation.

Damage to Mouse Lung with Fractionated Neutrons and X Rays

Radiology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Hornsey ◽  
Yuzuru Kutsutanl ◽  
Stanley B. Field
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Lung ◽  
X Rays

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF IONIZING RADIATIONS

1952 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Guzman Barron ◽  
S. Louise Seki
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Thiol Compounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Arbacia Punctulata ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

On x-irradiation of the eggs and sperm of Arbacia punctulata there was inhibition of respiration with relatively large doses, whereas there was an increase with small doses. The dose required to produce an increase of respiration depended on the degree of sensitivity of the cell to the effect of ionizing radiation. Sperm cells were more sensitive; then came fertilized eggs; unfertilized eggs were the least sensitive. The inhibiting effect of x-rays on cell division was observed even on irradiation with x-ray doses which produced an increase of respiration. These results are compared to similar effects produced by thiol reagents and are attributed to oxidation of the thiol compounds in the cell.

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