The Direct Effects of X-Irradiation on the Biosynthesis of Androgens by Rat Testicular Tissue in Vitro

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gordon Simpson ◽  
Legrande C. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
X Irradiation

Effect of X-irradiation on gene expression of rat liver chemokines: in vivo and in vitro studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Moriconi ◽  
H Christiansen ◽  
H Christiansen ◽  
N Sheikh ◽  
J Dudas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
X Irradiation

scholarly journals The Expression Levels and Cellular Localization of Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor (PEDF) in Mouse Testis: Its Possible Involvement in the Differentiation of Spermatogonial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1147
Author(s):  
Noy Bagdadi ◽  
Alaa Sawaied ◽  
Ali AbuMadighem ◽  
Eitan Lunenfeld ◽  
Mahmoud Huleihel
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor

Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional secretory soluble glycoprotein that belongs to the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family. It was reported to have neurotrophic, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic activity. Recently, PEDF was found in testicular peritubular cells and it was assumed to be involved in the avascular nature of seminiferous tubules. The aim of this study was to determine the cellular origin, expression levels and target cells of PEDF in testicular tissue of immature and adult mice under physiological conditions, and to explore its possible role in the process of spermatogenesis in vitro. Using immunofluorescence staining, we showed that PEDF was localized in spermatogenic cells at different stages of development as well as in the somatic cells of the testis. Its protein levels in testicular homogenates and Sertoli cells supernatant showed a significant decrease with age. PEDF receptor (PEDF-R) was localized within the seminiferous tubule cells and in the interstitial cells compartment. Its RNA expression levels showed an increase with age until 8 weeks followed by a decrease. RNA levels of PEDF-R showed the opposite trend of the protein. Addition of PEDF to cultures of isolated cells from the seminiferous tubules did not changed their proliferation rate, however, a significant increase was observed in number of meiotic/post meiotic cells at 1000 ng/mL of PEDF; indicating an in vitro differentiation effect. This study may suggest a role for PEDF in the process of spermatogenesis.

Direct Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Isomers on P815 Mast Cells in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-411
Author(s):  
Siddharth Krishnan ◽  
Joshua Russell ◽  
MaryLou Bodziak ◽  
Stephen Koury ◽  
Patricia Masso-Welch
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Direct Effects

scholarly journals Insulin induces rapid and specific rearrangement of the cytoskeleton of rat mesangial cells in vitro.

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Berfield ◽  
G J Raugi ◽  
C K Abrass
Keyword(s):  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Ligand Effects ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Secondary Ligand

Mesangial cells (MCs) grown without supplemental insulin (SI-MCs) express a quiescent phenotype and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition similar to MCs in vivo. In contrast, MCs routinely propagated in insulin (SI+MCs) are stimulated to proliferate, change their phenotype, and produce large amounts of collagens I and III. These effects of insulin may in part be mediated through cytoskeletal rearrangement. Differences in cytoskeletal arrangement were compared between SI-MCs and SI+MCs and 1 hr after addition of insulin (1 nM) or IGF-1 (100 nM) to SI-MCs. Cells were examined by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunostaining for specific cytoskeletal proteins and fibronectin. Insulin induced rapid rearrangement of stress fibers. Surface ruffling, actin aggregation, vimentin retraction, rearrangement of vinculin in focal adhesions, and fibronectin extraction were apparent. These direct effects of insulin on the SI-MC cytoskeleton occurred before insulin-induced changes in ECM composition. IGF-I induced cytoskeletal reorganization distinct from insulin. These observations demonstrate that insulin and IGF-I have unique effects on the MC cytoskeleton, which is turn may mediate secondary ligand effects on MCs.

scholarly journals Direct Effects of Estradiol and Tamoxifen on Gene Expressions of Inhibin .ALPHA.- and .BETA.A-Subunits in Rat Granulosa Cells In Vitro.

1996 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHINTARO TATE ◽  
NOBUHIKO SUGANUMA ◽  
MADOKA FURUHASHI ◽  
TOMOKO ANDO ◽  
YOSHIMASA ASADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Gene Expressions

Activated human N-ras oncogene enhances x-irradiation repair of mammalian cells in vitro less effectively at low dose rate

1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. FitzGerald ◽  
C. Daugherty ◽  
K. Kase ◽  
L. A. Rothstein ◽  
M. McKenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Ras Oncogene ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
X Irradiation

Absence of direct effects of prostaglandins on rabbit blastocysts in vitro

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chaudhuri ◽  
J. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effects

Combined Effects of X Irradiation and Hyperthermia (42 and 44°C) on Chinese Hamster V-79 Cells in Vitro

1979 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junji Miyakoshi ◽  
Makoto Ikebuchi ◽  
Masayo Furukawa ◽  
Kenzo Yamagata ◽  
Tsutomu Sugahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
X Irradiation

Mouse one-cell embryos undergoing a radiation-induced G2 arrest may re-enter S-phase in the absence of cytokinesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 618-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Jacquet ◽  
J Buset ◽  
J Vankerkom ◽  
S Baatout ◽  
L de Saint-Georges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calyculin A ◽  
Embryonic Cells ◽  
G2 Arrest ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Chromosome Fragments ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Mouse Zygotes ◽  
The One

PCC (premature chromosome condensation) can be used for visualizing and scoring damage induced by radiation in the chromatin of cells undergoing a G1 or G2 arrest. A method involving the fusion of irradiated single embryonic cells with single MI oocytes was used to induce PCC in mouse zygotes of the BALB/c strain, which suffer a drastic G2 arrest after X-irradiation (dose used 2.5 Gy). Other G2-arrested embryos were exposed in vitro to the phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A. Both methods furnished excellent chromosome preparations of the G2-arrested embryos. The mean number of chromosome fragments did not change significantly during G2 arrest, suggesting that zygotes of this strain are unable to repair DNA damage leading to such aberrations. Forty to fifty percent of the irradiated embryos were unable to cleave after G2 arrest and remained blocked at the one-cell stage for a few days before dying. PCC preparations obtained from such embryos suggested that about 30% of them had undergone a late mitosis not followed by cytokinesis and had entered a new DNA synthesis. These results are discussed in the light of recent observations in irradiated human cells deficient in the p53/14-3-3sigma pathway.Key words: PCC, embryo, oocyte, calyculin A, G2 arrest, cytokinesis.

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