Habitat Occupancy Patterns of North American Shrubsteppe Birds: The Effects of Spatial Scale

Oikos ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Wiens ◽  
John T. Rotenberry ◽  
Beatrice Van Horne
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scale ◽  
North American ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Occupancy Patterns

scholarly journals Habitat occupancy patterns and activity rate of native mammals in tropical fragmented peat swamp reserves in Peninsular Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 363 ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selvadurai Sasidhran ◽  
Nurfatin Adila ◽  
Mohd Saifulnizam Hamdan ◽  
Liza D. Samantha ◽  
Najjib Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Activity Rate ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Peat Swamp ◽  
Occupancy Patterns

scholarly journals Wet soils affect habitat selection of a solitary subterranean rodent (Ctenomys minutus) in a Neotropical region

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1095-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Galiano ◽  
Bruno B. Kubiak ◽  
Luciana S. Menezes ◽  
Gerhard E. Overbeck ◽  
Thales Renato O. de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Habitat Choice ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Subterranean Rodents ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Subterranean Rodent ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
Occupancy Patterns

Abstract Subterranean rodents are characterized by limited individual mobility and patchy distribution of local populations. Habitat patches where the species is absent may either be unoccupied, but suitable patches, or in fact unsuitable as habitat due to specific habitat features. In the coastal plain of southern Brazil, Ctenomys minutus (Ctenomyidae) inhabits sandy grasslands and dunes. The aim of our study was to analyze the relationship between the distribution of this subterranean rodent and its environment. We considered vegetation and soil features. Our results showed that habitat occupancy patterns of C. minutus are determined by soil moisture and vegetation (food supply), but there might be other habitat features that regulate the habitat choice of this mammal. Habitat discontinuities in the coastal plain of southern Brazil, with numerous barriers to dispersal, are responsible for restricting individuals to their natal areas. This might result in increased intraspecific competition within each population and, consequently, in inbreeding. Os roedores subterrâneos são caracterizados pela baixa mobilidade dos indivíduos e por apresentarem populações distribuídas em manchas de habitat. As manchas em que os indivíduos estão ausentes podem ser locais desocupados, porém que apresentam condições adequadas para a ocupação, ou de fato serem locais inadequados devido a algumas características ambientais específicas. Na planície costeira do sul do Brasil, a espécie Ctenomys minutus (Ctenomyidae) habita regiões de campos arenosos e dunas costeiras. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a relação entre a distribuição deste roedor subterrâneo e o ambiente em que ele habita. Para tal, consideramos características da vegetação e do solo. Nossos resultados demonstraram que o padrão de ocupação de C. minutus é determinado pela umidade do solo e vegetação (recurso alimentar), mas podem existir outras características que regulam a escolha do habitat deste mamífero. As descontinuidades de habitat na planície costeira do sul do Brasil, com inúmeras barreiras para a dispersão da espécie, são responsáveis por restringir os indivíduos as suas áreas natais. Isso pode resultar no aumento da competição intra-específica dentro das populações e, consequentemente, na endogamia.

Habitat occupancy patterns of a forest dwelling songbird: causes and consequences

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1297-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J Doran ◽  
Richard T Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Dendroica Caerulescens ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Occupancy Patterns ◽  
Migratory Songbird

We examined patterns of habitat use and reproductive performance of a migratory songbird, the black-throated blue warbler (Dendroica caerulescens (Gmelin, 1789)), within a 3160-ha forested landscape. We surveyed 371 sites over a 3-year period. Some sites were never occupied, while others were occupied for 1, 2, or 3 years. For these 3 years we found that warbler abundance increased with frequency of occupancy. Additionally, we found that (i) deciduousness and understory shrub density increased with frequency of occupancy; (ii) in 1 of 3 years, food abundance was higher at the most frequently occupied sites; and (iii) nest predators exhibited predator-specific abundance patterns across occupancy categories. We next used occupancy patterns documented in the first 3 years of the study to predict settlement, age structure, and reproductive performance at a subset of sites in the final year of the study. We found that males settled earlier in the breeding season at sites with a high frequency of occupancy. There were no differences in arrival times of females. Additionally, age structure did not vary for either males or females across sites with different occupancy levels. Although we found no difference in mean reproductive output across sites with different occupancy levels, over 50% of the young produced fledged from territories overlapping the high occupancy sites.

Adaptation of the Connected Speech Test: Rerecording and Passage Equivalency

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan K. Saleh ◽  
Paula Folkeard ◽  
Ewan Macpherson ◽  
Susan Scollie
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
North American ◽  
First Language ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Speech Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Unit Standard

Purpose The original Connected Speech Test (CST; Cox et al., 1987) is a well-regarded and often utilized speech perception test. The aim of this study was to develop a new version of the CST using a neutral North American accent and to assess the use of this updated CST on participants with normal hearing. Method A female English speaker was recruited to read the original CST passages, which were recorded as the new CST stimuli. A study was designed to assess the newly recorded CST passages' equivalence and conduct normalization. The study included 19 Western University students (11 females and eight males) with normal hearing and with English as a first language. Results Raw scores for the 48 tested passages were converted to rationalized arcsine units, and average passage scores more than 1 rationalized arcsine unit standard deviation from the mean were excluded. The internal reliability of the 32 remaining passages was assessed, and the two-way random effects intraclass correlation was .944. Conclusion The aim of our study was to create new CST stimuli with a more general North American accent in order to minimize accent effects on the speech perception scores. The study resulted in 32 passages of equivalent difficulty for listeners with normal hearing.

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