Seed Heteromorphism in Crepis sancta (Asteraceae): Performance of Two Morphs in Different Environments

Oikos ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Imbert ◽  
José Escarré ◽  
Jacques Lepart ◽  
Jose Escarre
Keyword(s):  
Crepis Sancta ◽  
Seed Heteromorphism

scholarly journals The effect of pollen source on seed traits and dispersability in the heterocarpic annual Crepis sancta

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrat Dener ◽  
Hagai Shemesh ◽  
Itamar Giladi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Dispersal Strategy ◽  
Physiological Constraints ◽  
Dispersal Traits ◽  
Distant Neighbor ◽  
The Common ◽  
Nonsignificant Effect ◽  
Crepis Sancta

Abstract Aims The evolution and expression of dispersal-related traits are intertwined with those of other life-history functions and are manifested within various physiological constraints. Such a relationship is predicted between inbreeding levels and dispersability, which may be anatomically and ontogenetically linked so that the selection pressures on one may affect the other. While both the effect of inbreeding on reproductive success and on dispersal strategies received much attention, only a few studies considered both simultaneously. Furthermore, such studies often rely on two dichotomic representations of breeding and dispersal: using selfing vs. outcrossing as a representation of breeding level, and dispersal ratio as the sole representation of dispersal strategy. Methods Here we used pollination experiments in the heterocarpic Crepis sancta (Asteraceae) to expand in two different manners on the common practice of using dichotomic representations of breeding and dispersal. First, we used pollination treatments that represent a continuum from selfing through pollination by kin to pollination by a distant neighbor. Second, we measured a whole set of continuous morphological and dispersal-related traits, in addition to measurements of reproductive success and dispersal ratio. Important findings The proportion of developed capitula and the number of both dispersed and non-dispersed achenes were significantly lower in the self-pollination treatment in comparison to the out-crossed treatments. The effect of pollen sources on dispersal ratio was not statistically significant, though self-pollinated plants rarely produced non-dispersing seeds. Achene’s biomass increased with distance between parent plants, but pappus width did not, leading to a nonsignificant effect of pollination on falling velocity. Overall, pollen source affected mainly traits that were associated with reproductive output, but it had no clear effect on predominately dispersal-related traits. Such differences in the response of reproduction and dispersal traits to variation in pollen source suggest that dispersal-related selection is probably weak and/or masked by other forces.

Heteromorphism in seeds ofLeptocereus scopulophilus(Cactaceae) from Pan de Matanzas, Cuba

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Angel García-Beltrán ◽  
Duniel Barrios ◽  
Alina Cuza-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Formation Of Cracks ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
Cuticle Thickness ◽  
Seed Coats ◽  
Seed Heteromorphism

AbstractSeed heteromorphism is the formation of different seed morphs from the same individual. Two seed morphs have been preliminarily observed inLeptocereus scopulophilus. One morph shows an apparent natural scarification of its coat. Herein we describe the seeds, taking into account shape, coat integrity, surface, dimensions, mass and the position of germination cracks. We defined two seed morphs using the integrity of the spermoderma: fragmented seed coats (FSC) and complete seed coats (CSC). We also evaluated minimum germination time, germination rate and germinability. The seed morphs did not differ significantly in traits; however, regular striations along the cuticle of the periclinal walls were more visible in the FSC compared with the CSC. Both seed morphs displayed anticlinal cell boundaries in the border region that are channelled and straight in the dorsal-ventral region but difficult to define in the lateral region. We found four morphological variations in different positions where the radicle or cotyledons emerge and variations in cuticle thickness in different regions of the seed that could determine the formation of cracks during germination. All germination variants occurred in both seed morphs, albeit in different proportions. Germination was higher and faster for the FSC compared with the CSC. These germination differences could be related to a thinner cuticle in the FSC and the punctual release of its spermoderma, which facilitates a quick imbibition of the embryo and the breaking of the seed coat. Our results indicate that differences in germination parameters between the two seed morphs relate to differences in the percentage of dormant seeds, which favour the temporal expansion of germination and reduce competition between siblings. To propagate the species for conservation purposes, we recommend using FSC, while CSC may be used to establish a seed collectionex situ.

The Ecology of Seed Heteromorphism in Heterosperma Pinnatum in Central Mexico

Ecology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lawrence Venable ◽  
Alberto Burquez ◽  
Gabriela Corral ◽  
Eduardo Morales ◽  
Francisco Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Central Mexico ◽  
Seed Heteromorphism

scholarly journals No evidence for differential biomass and mineral content in adult plants grown from dimorphic seeds of Suaeda aralocaspica

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Chang-Yan Tian ◽  
Zhen-Ying Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Black Seeds ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Adult Plants ◽  
Seed Heteromorphism

Producing two or more types of seeds by a single plant is known as seed heteromorphism. Comparison of seed traits or growth between plants grown from heteromorphic seeds has received considerable attention. However, information is scarce regarding the comparison of mineral content of adult plants from heteromorphic seeds. Here we present biomass and mineral profiles (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium and Chloride) of adult plants grown from dimorphic seeds (non-dormant brown seeds and black seeds with non-deep physiological dormancy) of annual desert halophyte Suaeda aralocaspica at different levels of nutrient and salinity. The results showed that, although nutrient and salinity could affect dry weigh and mineral content, seed-dimorphic plants of S. aralocaspica did not show significant difference under the same experimental conditions. This study is one of the few to compare the physiological responses between seed-heteromorphic plants and suggests that mineral status is exactly consistent with growth performance for these plants.

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