Comparative Responses of Phenology and Reproductive Development to Simulated Environmental Change in Sub-Arctic and High Arctic Plants

Oikos ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Wookey ◽  
A. N. Parsons ◽  
J. M. Welker ◽  
J. A. Potter ◽  
T. V. Callaghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Plants

Improved UV-B screening capacity does not prevent negative effects of ambient UV irradiance on PSII performance in High Arctic plants. Results from a six year UV exclusion study

2010 ◽  
Vol 167 (18) ◽  
pp. 1542-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian R. Albert ◽  
Teis N. Mikkelsen ◽  
Helge Ro-Poulsen ◽  
Anders Michelsen ◽  
Marie F. Arndal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Arctic Plants ◽  
Uv Irradiance ◽  
Uv Exclusion

scholarly journals Synoptic control on snow avalanche activity in central Spitsbergen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holt Hancock ◽  
Jordy Hendrikx ◽  
Markus Eckerstorfer ◽  
Siiri Wickström
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Snow Avalanche ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Synoptic Conditions

Abstract. Atmospheric circulation exerts an important control on a region's snow avalanche activity by broadly determining the mountain weather patterns which influence snowpack development and avalanche release. In central Spitsbergen, the largest island in the high-Arctic Svalbard archipelago, avalanches are a common natural hazard throughout the winter months. Previous work has identified a unique snow climate reflecting the region's climatically dynamic environmental setting but has not specifically addressed the synoptic-scale control of atmospheric circulation on avalanche activity here. In this work, we investigate atmospheric circulation's control on snow avalanching in the Nordenskiöld Land region of central Spitsbergen by first constructing a four-season (2016/2017–2019/2020) regional avalanche activity record using observations available on a database used by the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE). We then analyze the synoptic atmospheric conditions on days with differing avalanche activity situations. Our results show synoptic conditions conducive to elevated precipitation, wind speeds, and air temperatures near Svalbard are associated with increased avalanche activity in Nordenskiöld Land, but different synoptic signals exist for days characterized by dry, mixed, and wet avalanche activity. Differing upwind conditions help further explain differences in the frequency and nature of avalanche activity resulting from these various atmospheric circulation patterns. We further employ a daily atmospheric circulation calendar to help contextualize our results in the growing body of literature related to environmental change in this location. This work helps expand our understanding of snow avalanches in Svalbard to a broader spatial scale and provides a basis for future work investigating the impacts of environmental change on avalanche activity in Svalbard and other locations where avalanche regimes are impacted by changing climatic and synoptic conditions.

scholarly journals Onset of autumn senescence in High Arctic plants shows similar patterns in natural and experimental snow depth gradients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Gehrmann ◽  
Camille Ziegler ◽  
Elisabeth J. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Delayed Senescence ◽  
Arctic Plants ◽  
Autumn Senescence ◽  
Depth Gradients ◽  
Insight Into

Predicted changes in snow cover and temperature raise uncertainties about how the beginning and the end of the growing season will shift for Arctic plants. Snowmelt timing and temperature are known to affect the timing of bud burst, but their effects on autumn senescence are less clear. To address this, researchers have examined senescence under natural and experimental environmental gradients. However, these approaches address different aspects of plant responses and the extent to which they can be compared is poorly understood. In this study, we show that the effect of snowmelt timing on the timing of autumn senescence in High Arctic plants is the same between a natural and an experimental gradient in three out of four studied species. While the two approaches mostly produce comparable results, they give in combination greater insight into the phenological responses to predicted climate changes. We also showed that a short warming treatment in autumn delayed senescence by 3.5 days in D. octopetala, which is a 10 % extension of the growing season end for this species. Warming treatments have commonly been applied to the whole growing season, but here we show that even isolated autumn warming can be sufficient to affect plant senescence.

Author response for "Environmental change reduces body condition, but not population growth, in a high‐arctic herbivore"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Layton‐Matthews ◽  
Vidar Grøtan ◽  
Brage Bremset Hansen ◽  
Maarten J. J. E. Loonen ◽  
Eva Fuglei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Author Response
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