Child, Parent, and Contextual Influences on Perceived Parenting Competence among Parents of Adolescents

This study examined changes in the sentence intelligibility scores of speakers with dysarthria in association with different signal-independent factors (contextual influences). This investigation focused on the presence or absence of iconic gestures while speaking sentences with low or high semantic predictiveness. The speakers were 4 individuals with dysarthria, who varied from one another in terms of their level of speech intelligibility impairment, gestural abilities, and overall level of motor functioning. Ninety-six inexperienced listeners (24 assigned to each speaker) orthographically transcribed 16 test sentences presented in an audio + video or audio-only format. The sentences had either low or high semantic predictiveness and were spoken by each speaker with and without the corresponding gestures. The effects of signal-independent factors (presence or absence of iconic gestures, low or high semantic predictiveness, and audio + video or audio-only presentation formats) were analyzed for individual speakers. Not all signal-independent information benefited speakers similarly. Results indicated that use of gestures and high semantic predictiveness improved sentence intelligibility for 2 speakers. The other 2 speakers benefited from high predictive messages. The audio + video presentation mode enhanced listener understanding for all speakers, although there were interactions related to specific speaking situations. Overall, the contributions of relevant signal-independent information were greater for the speakers with more severely impaired intelligibility. The results are discussed in terms of understanding the contribution of signal-independent factors to the communicative process.

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Authoritative Maternal Parenting Associates With the Explicit Need for Autonomy

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 110-116

Author(s):

Jonathan E. Ramsay

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Parenting ◽

Maternal Parenting ◽

Retrospective Design ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Paternal Parenting ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Previous research suggests that parenting style influences the development of the needs for achievement, power, and affiliation. The present study investigated the relationship between parenting style and another important motive disposition – the need for autonomy – in a sample of Singapore university students ( N = 97, 69% female), using a cross-sectional and retrospective design. It was predicted that an authoritative perceived parenting style would relate positively to the implicit need for autonomy ( nAut), the explicit need for autonomy ( sanAut), and the congruence between these two motive dispositions. Authoritative maternal parenting was found to positively associate with sanAut, while maternal parenting was not found to associate with nAut, or with nAut/ sanAut congruence. Paternal parenting was not associated with any of the dependent variables.

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Retrospective Paternal and Maternal Parenting Styles in Greece, Italy, and Sweden

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000355 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 399-408

Author(s):

Semira Tagliabue ◽

Maria Giulia Olivari ◽

Elisabeth Hertfelt Wahn ◽

Katerina Maridaki-Kassotaki ◽

Katerina Antonopoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parenting Styles ◽

Psychometric Characteristics ◽

Perceived Parenting ◽

Parental Roles ◽

Maternal Parenting ◽

Mixed Anova ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Permissive Parenting ◽

Assessment Techniques ◽

Structural Invariance

Abstract. Discrepancies in perceived parenting and parental roles across European countries could be due to the use of different assessment techniques or due to mean level differences in the authoritative, authoritarian, or permissive parenting styles. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric characteristics of the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ; Robinson, Mandleco, Olsen, & Hart, 1995 , 2001 ) in a sample of 225 Greek, 301 Italian, and 279 Swedish adolescents aged 16–19 years, who evaluated their father’s and mother’s parenting styles during their childhood. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), multigroup CFA, and modified version of the correlated uniqueness model were used to evaluate the structure and invariance of the scale across countries. Measurement and structural invariance was found in the 8-item authoritative scale and 6-item authoritarian scale. A mixed ANOVA (Country × Style × Role) showed that Swedish mothers scored lower than Italian or Greek mothers, and that, in the three countries, mothers were perceived as more authoritative than were fathers.

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