Firm Believers? Religion, Body Weight, and Well-Being

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth F. Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Well Being

Psychosocial Consequences of Body Weight and Obesity

2018 ◽  
pp. 274-286
Author(s):  
Deborah Carr ◽  
Vera K. Tsenkova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Integrative Health ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
Adults And Children

The body weight of U.S. adults and children has risen markedly over the past three decades. The physical health consequences of obesity are widely documented, and emerging research from the Midlife in the United States study and other large-scale surveys reveals the harmful impact of obesity on adults’ psychosocial and interpersonal well-being. This chapter synthesizes recent research on the psychosocial implications of body weight, with attention to explanatory mechanisms and subgroup differences in these patterns. A brief statistical portrait of body weight is provided, documenting rates and correlates of obesity, with a focus on race, gender, and socioeconomic status disparities. The consequences of body weight for three main outcomes are described: institutional and everyday discrimination, interpersonal relationships, and psychological well-being. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the ways that recent integrative health research on the psychosocial consequences of overweight and obesity inform our understanding of population health.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation of seaweed (Ulva lactuca) and Azolla on growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical parameters of Aseel chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalingam Thavasi Alagan ◽  
Rajesh Nakulan Vatsala ◽  
Ilavarasan Sagadevan ◽  
Vairamuthu Subbiah ◽  
Venkataramanan Ragothaman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Abstract Background An effort was made to assess the effectiveness of dietary supplementation of Ulva lactuca (U. lactuca), a seaweed and Azolla individually and in combination on different physiological parameters of Aseel chicken. A total of 40 Aseel chicks of 8 weeks old were allocated into four groups, C1 (control), T1 (Azolla alone), T2 (seaweed alone) and T3 (seaweed plus Azolla). Aseel chicks in C1 were fed with formulated grower feed alone, birds in T1 had control diet with 5% Azolla, birds in T2 had control diet with 3% U. lactuca and birds in T3 had control diet admixtured with 5% of Azolla and 3% of U. lactuca. Parameters were recorded for a continuous period of 2 months in 15 days interval. Results The growth performance was found to be significant (P ≤ 0.05) during 30 days of feed trials and highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) during 45 and 60 days of treatment. Birds in T3 had a higher body weight gain, shank length and feed conversion efficiency followed with T1 and T2 compared to C1. PCV, RBC, WBC and heterophil counts were not influenced (P ≥ 0.05) by dietary treatments. Uric acid, creatinine, AST, glucose, triglycerides and magnesium levels revealed a high significant (P ≤ 0.01) variation, and cholesterol level showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) changes during 30th and 60th day of feed trials between the control and treatment groups. Total protein, globulin, phosphorus and electrolytes like Na, K and Cl levels were not significant (P ≥ 0.05) during 30th day and were highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) during the 60th day of the trial. Conclusions It could be noted that inclusion of U. lactuca and Azolla as feed supplement in grower chicken had a better body weight gain when given in combination (U. lactuca and Azolla) rather than supplemented with the sole entity. Based on the haematological and serum biochemical analysis, the supplementation of U. lactuca and Azolla at the levels included in this trial did not pose any threat to the physiological well-being of Aseel chicken.

scholarly journals The Influence of Broilers’ Body Weight on the Efficiency of Electrical Stunning and Meat Quality under Field Conditions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1362
Author(s):  
Giorgio Smaldone ◽  
Stefano Capezzuto ◽  
Rosa Luisa Ambrosio ◽  
Maria Francesca Peruzy ◽  
Raffaele Marrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Corneal Reflex ◽  
Experimental Trials

Water-bath stunning represents the most-applied stunning system in poultry slaughtering, but within the European Union, specific indications on electric parameters that should be used, such as voltage, are missing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of two commercially available types of electrical equipment (A and B) on broilers with different live body weights and the influence of the tested parameters on meat quality. Experimental trials in a European Union-approved slaughterhouse were carried out using two different stunners. 6600 broilers, divided into three weight groups, were stunned applying different protocols based on the same current frequencies and intensity but different voltages. The state of unconsciousness (presence of corneal reflex and wings flapping) and post-mortem defects (pectoral hemorrhages and dark meat) were evaluated by blinded trained operators. The presence of corneal reflex and petechiae were the most reported consciousness signs and post-mortem injuries, respectively. Different weights played an important role within stunner A, registering statistical differences (p < 0.01) among groups. Considering injuries, an inverse relationship between body weight and lesions was found. The results highlighted the effectiveness of both stunning systems applying the best combination of electrical parameters considering the weight of the animal and ensuring its well-being.

scholarly journals Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Clariid fish species in Kano Rivers, Kano State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
I. O. Suleiman ◽  
G.N. Akpa ◽  
P. I. Bolorunduro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Water System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Tropical Water ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Heterobranchus Longifilis ◽  
State Body

Fish found in natural tropical and sub-tropical water system experience frequent growth fluctuations. The study was conducted to determine the length-weight relationship and condition factor of Clariid species (Clarias gariepinus, Heterobranchus longifilis and Synodontis clarias) in Kano state of Nigeria. About 177 fish samples were collected from six rivers (Thomas, Ghari, Tiga, Duddurun-Gaya, Karaye and Bagwai) across the length and breadth of Kano state. Body weight (BW=248.48g), total length (TL=32.74cm) and standard length (SL=26.16cm) were determined. The length-weight relationship and condition factors were also determined. The condition factors showed varying degree of well-being of fish sampled from their habitat, and ranged from K = 0.37 to 0.89. The equation for the lengthweight relationship for the three strains is: C. gariepinus = -329.86+17.56TL, H. longifilis = -241.49+14.28TL and C. clarias = -428.51+22.72TL. Body weight and length had positive and significant relationship (r = 0.73 TL; r = 0.75 SL).

scholarly journals An RFID-Based Automated Individual Perching Monitoring System for Group-Housed Poultry

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailao Wang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Hongwei Xin ◽  
Lilong Chai ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cell Module

Abstract. Perching is a natural behavior of poultry. Considerable research has been done to explore the relationship between group overall perch usage and well-being of laying hens. To quantify the potential cause-effect relationship on individual hens with different health or well-being status (e.g., keel bone deformation, foot pad lesion, social ranking) in a group, it is necessary to identify the perching behavior of individual birds. However, continuously monitoring individual birds in a group poses considerable challenges. To enable such research and potential commercial application, this study developed and validated a radio frequency identification (RFID) based automated perching monitoring system (APMS) for characterizing individual perching behaviors of group-housed poultry. The APMS consisted of an RFID module, a load cell module, and a round wooden perch. The RFID module was comprised of a high-frequency RFID reader, three customized rectangular antennas placed under the perch, and RFID transponders attached to the birds. The load cell module was comprised of a data acquisition system and two load cells supporting both ends of the perch. The daily number of perch visits (PV) and perching duration (PD) for individual birds were used to delineate perching behavior. Three identical experimental pens, five hens per pen, were equipped with the monitoring system. Two RFID transponders were attached to each hen (one per leg), and a distinct color was marked on the bird’s head for video or visual identification and validation. Performance of the APMS was validated by comparing the system outputs with manual observation and labeling over an entire day. Sensitivity and specificity of the system were shown to improve from 97.77% and 99.88%, respectively when using only the RFID module to 99.83% and 99.93% when incorporating weight information from the load cell module. Using this system, we conducted a preliminary trial on the relationship of perching behavior and body weight of laying hens, which revealed little effect of body weight but considerable variability in perching behavior among the individual hens. The study demonstrated that the APMS had excellent performance in measuring perching behaviors of individual birds in a group. The APMS offers great potential for delineating individual differences in perching behavior among hens with different social status or health conditions in a group setting. Keywords: Individual perching behavior, Laying hen, Load cell, Precision livestock farming, RFID, Welfare.

scholarly journals Effect of different transportation period on body weight loss, hematological and biochemical stress responses of sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
L. Lendrawati ◽  
R. Priyanto ◽  
A. Jayanegara ◽  
W. Manalu ◽  
D. Desrial
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Blood Profiles

The study was conducted to evaluate the duration of road transportation during 4, 8 and 12 hours on body weight loss, hematological and biochemical responses of sheep. Twenty-four male Javanese thin tailed sheep were separated into transported group (T4, T8 and T12) and non-transported group (NT4, NT8 and NT12). Transportation (T) groups were transported for 4, 8 and 12 h in the same open pick up with 0.28 m2/head of loading density. Body weight, haematological and biochemical blood profiles were determined. The results showed that increasing of transportation duration significantly increased (P<0.05) body weight loss and decreased (P<0.05) hematocrit, cortisol and glucose values in the blood. However, these values were in the normal range of sheep well-being. In conclusion, transported healthy Javanese thin tailed sheep under good condition without feed and water access up to 12 h can tolerate to adverse effect of transportation without disturbing their welfare.

Effects of Weight Training on the Emotional Well-Being and Body Image of Females: Predictors of Greatest Benefit

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry A. Tucker ◽  
Karen Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Weight Trainers ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Body Cathexis

Background. This study was conducted to determine the extent to which participation in a weight training intervention was associated with changes in the emotional well-being and body image of females compared to non-weight trainers. An ancillary objective was to study the extent to which psychological, physical, and demographic factors accounted for changes in emotional well-being and body image. Methods. The experimental group consisted of 60 females, and a comparison group was comprised of 92 females. Experimental subjects participated in a 15-week, two-day-per-week weight training intervention, while subjects in the comparison group did not participate in any weight training activities. Subjects were pre- and posttested on the General Well-Being Schedule and the Body Cathexis Scale. Experimental subjects were also tested in muscular strength and three skinfold measurements. Results. With pretest scores controlled, the weight trainers had significantly higher General Well-Being and Body Cathexis posttest scores than the comparison group. Weight trainers also showed significant increases in muscular strength, and significant decreases in skinfold thickness. Four variables predicted 38.8% of the variance of those who improved most in General Well-Being: lower pretest General Well-Being, lower parental income, greater loss of body weight, and lower posttest skinfold. Five variables predicted 61.5% of the variance of those women who improved most in Body Cathexis: lower pretest Body Cathexis, greater body weight at the outset, shorter in height, less involvement in non-weight training exercise, and lower posttest skinfold. Discussion. Cause-and-effect conclusions are not warranted given the use of intact groups, and the long-term effect of weight training on the emotional well-being of women was not discernible given the 15-week length of this study.

Body weight satisfaction among New Zealand adolescents: findings from a national survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Wood ◽  
Jennifer Utter ◽  
Elizabeth Robinson ◽  
Shanthi Ameratunga ◽  
Theresa Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Students ◽  
Weight Satisfaction ◽  
Zealand Secondary School ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Body dissatisfaction has been extensively studied but, recently, the importance of body satisfaction and its attributing factors has received significant recognition. Also, there is an increasing awareness of the need for research examining body dissatisfaction and satisfaction in youth other than North American females. Thus, the current research examined the prevalence of, and the individual, social, and familial factors associated with, body-weight satisfaction among New Zealand male and female adolescents (n=9107). Data were analysed from Youth ’07, a nationally representative survey of New Zealand secondary school students. Overall, half of students were happy with their weight, with significantly more males than females reporting body-weight satisfaction. Students happiest with their weight were most likely to report healthy and supportive social and family environments, as well as higher levels of well-being. These findings are consistent with a growing body of research that suggests creating positive peer and family environments may lead to better developmental outcomes, such as body satisfaction, and also higher levels of well-being.

scholarly journals A Mobile Phone App Designed to Support Weight Loss Maintenance and Well-Being (MotiMate): Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Brindal ◽  
Gilly A Hendrie ◽  
Jill Freyne ◽  
Manny Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Full Version ◽  
Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND Few people successfully maintain lost weight over the longer term. Mobile phones have the potential to deliver weight loss management programs that can encourage self-monitoring while also providing some behavioral therapy to assist users in developing personal skills that may be necessary for improved longer term weight loss maintenance. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate a program supporting weight maintenance, which uses a behaviorally based mobile phone app to manage weight, food, exercise, mood, and stress. METHODS In a randomized controlled trial over 24 weeks, the full version of the app (MotiMate) was compared with a control app (monitoring only; excluding mood and stress) for its effect on weight, diet, and psychological well-being. Both apps had the same visual appearance and were designed to deliver all intervention content without face-to-face contact. The control version included features to track weight, food intake, and exercise with limited feedback and no encouraging/persuasive features. The intervention app included more persuasive and interactive features to help users track their weight, food intake, and physical activity and prompted users to enter data each day through notifications and included a mood and stress workshopping tool. Participants were recruited through advertising and existing databases. Clinic visits occurred at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. At all visits, the clinical trial manager recorded body weight, and participants then completed a computer-delivered survey, which measured psychological and lifestyle outcomes. Objective app usage data were recorded throughout the trial. RESULTS A total of 88 adults who had lost and maintained at least 5% of their body weight within the last 2 years were randomized (45 MotiMate and 43 control). Overall, 75% (66/88) were female, and 69% (61/88) completed week 24 with no differences in dropout by condition (χ21, 87=0.7, P=.49). Mixed models suggested no significant changes in weight or psychological outcomes over 24 weeks regardless of condition. Of 61 completers, 53% (32/61) remained within 2% of their starting weight. Significant increases occurred over 24 weeks for satisfaction with life and weight loss self-efficacy regardless of app condition. Diet and physical activity behaviors did not vary by app or week. Negative binomial models indicated that those receiving the full app remained active users of the app for 46 days longer than controls (P=.02). Users of the full version of the app also reported that they felt more supported than those with the control app (P=.01). CONCLUSIONS Although some aspects of the intervention app such as usage and user feedback showed promise, there were few observable effects on behavioral and psychological outcomes. Future evaluation of the app should implement alternative research methods or target more specific populations to better understand the utility of the coping interface. CLINICALTRIAL Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry  ACTRN12614000474651; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=366120

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