Effect of Corn Foliar Cuticular Lipids on the Movement of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Neonate Larvae

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Yang ◽  
Karl E. Espelie ◽  
B. R. Wiseman ◽  
David J. Isenhour
Keyword(s):  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Cuticular Lipids ◽  
Neonate Larvae ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Characterization of Cuticular Lipids from Cultivated and Wild Peanut Species and Their Effect on Feeding by Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)1

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Yang ◽  
Karl E. Espelie ◽  
James W. Todd ◽  
Albert K. Culbreath ◽  
Roy N. Pittman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Cuticular Lipids ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
High Fatty Alcohol ◽  
Peanut Cultivars ◽  
Wild Peanut ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract The cuticular lipids from the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces of two peanut cultivars and four wild peanut species were isolated individually and characterized by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The two Arachis hypogaea peanut cultivars, Florunner and Southern Runner, and three of the wild peanut species A. ipaensis, A. paraguariensis, and A. diogoi had higher proportions of fatty alcohols on the adaxial leaf surface (17–37%) than on the abaxial surface (11–14%) and a higher percentage of n-alkanes on the abaxial surface (23–66%) than on the adaxial surface (15–30%). The wild peanut species A. villosulicarpa had high proportions of n-alkanes on both the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy showed that leaf surfaces with high fatty alcohol content had a dense array of wax crystals while those with larger amounts of n-alkanes had an amorphous appearance. Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), larvae were reared on meridic diet containing foliage from each of the peanut entries, diet with foliage from which the cuticular lipids had been extracted, and diet containing cuticular lipid extracts. Fall armyworm growth was enhanced when larvae were fed diet with A. ipaensis foliage from which the surface lipids had been removed.

scholarly journals Baseline of Susceptibility to the Cry1F Protein in Mexican Populations of Fall Armyworm

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribel Rivero-Borja ◽  
J C Rodríguez-Maciel ◽  
J A Urzúa Gutiérrez ◽  
G Silva-Aguayo ◽  
Desmi I Chandrasena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Neonate Larvae ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Relative Inhibition ◽  
Mexican Populations

Abstract The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is currently the most important maize pest in Mexico. Its control is mainly based on the use of conventional insecticides. Additionally, Bt-maize expressing Cry1F protein represents an alternative to control this pest. We estimated the baseline susceptibility in Mexican populations of S. frugiperda to Cry1F protein. Twenty-eight geographical populations were field collected from Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tamaulipas states. The F1 neonate larvae of each population were subjected to diet-overlay bioassay. After 7 d of Cry1F exposure, the percent mortality and the percent growth inhibition with respect to the untreated control were recorded (S-LAB). The LC50 ranged from 14.4 (6.3−24.0) (Cajeme 1, Sonora) to 161.8 ng/cm2 (92.0–320) (Ahumada 2, Chihuahua), while the LC95 was between 207.1 (145–363) (Obregón, Sonora) and 1,217 ng/cm2 (510.8–7,390.0) (Río Bravo 2, Tamaulipas). The sensitivity ratios at 50% mortality, (LC50 field/LC50 S-Lab) and 95% mortality were ≤6.45 and ≤5.05-fold, respectively. The 50% growth inhibition (GI50) ranged from 2.8 (0.008–9.3) (Obregón, Sonora) to 42.4 ng/cm2 (3.6–147.0) (Cajeme 1, Sonora). The GI95 was between 75.4 (San Luis Río Colorado, Sonora) to 1,198 ng/cm2 (Cajeme 1, Sonora). The relative inhibition at 50% of the growth, (RI50 = GI50 field /GI50 S-LAB) was ≤3.5 and at 95% (RI95) was ≤1.91-fold. These results indicated susceptibility to Cry1F protein in the evaluated populations of S. frugiperda.

scholarly journals Impact of an Exotic Invasive Pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on Resident Communities of Pest and Natural Enemies in Maize Fields in Kenya

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1074
Author(s):  
Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame ◽  
Boaz Musyoka ◽  
Julius Obonyo ◽  
François Rebaudo ◽  
Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Exotic Invasive Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exotic Invasive ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The interactions among insect communities influence the composition of pest complexes that attack crops and, in parallel, their natural enemies, which regulate their abundance. The lepidopteran stemborers have been the major maize pests in Kenya. Their population has been regulated by natural enemies, mostly parasitoids, some of which have been used for biological control. It is not known how a new exotic invasive species, such as the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), may affect the abundance and parasitism of the resident stemborers. For this reason, pest and parasitism surveys have been conducted, before and after the FAW invaded Kenya, in maize fields in 40 localities across 6 agroecological zones (AEZs) during the maize-growing season, as well as at 3 different plant growth stages (pre-tasseling, reproductive, and senescence stages) in 2 elevations at mid-altitude, where all maize stemborer species used to occur together. Results indicated that the introduction of the FAW significantly correlated with the reduction of the abundance of the resident communities of maize stemborers and parasitoids in maize fields; moreover, the decrease of stemborer density after the arrival of FAW occurred mostly at both reproductive and senescent maize stages. It also suggests a possible displacement of stemborers by FAW elsewhere; for example, to other cereals. However, since this study was conducted only three years after the introduction of the FAW, further studies will need to be conducted to confirm such displacements.

scholarly journals First record of a parasitoid, Megaselia (M) scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from India

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharanabasappa S. Deshmukh ◽  
S. Kiran ◽  
Atanu Naskar ◽  
Palam Pradeep ◽  
C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outer Surface ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
First Record ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Megaselia Scalaris ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has become a major threat in maize cultivation since its invasion to India in 2018. The humpbacked fly, Megaselia scalaris (Loew) (Diptera: Phoridae), was recorded as a laboratory parasitoid of FAW, for the first time in India. Initially, 30–40 maggots of M. (M) scalaris emerged out from the dead pre-pupa and pupa of laboratory-reared FAW. The fly laid up to 15 eggs on the outer surface of 6th instar larva or pre-pupa of the FAW. The incubation period was 1–2 days. The fly had 3 larval instars which lasted 3–4 days and a pupal period of 10–11 days. The adults survived for 6–7 days.

Effects of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Interstrain Mating in Wild Populations

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod N. Nagoshi ◽  
Robert L. Meagher ◽  
Gregg Nuessly ◽  
David G. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Isolation and DNA Barcode Characterization of a PermanentTelenomus(Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) Population in Florida That Targets Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian M. Hay-Roe ◽  
Rodney N. Nagoshi ◽  
Robert L. Meagher ◽  
Myriam Arias De Lopez ◽  
Rogelio Trabanino
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae
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